AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



191 



lostephane continued. 



tuberous root during severe frosts. Propagation may 

 be effected by division; or by seeds, sown in spring. 



I. heterophylla (various-leaved), fl.-heads nodding; ray -florets 

 lilac, fifteen to twenty, neuter, many-nerved, adpressedly hairy 

 beneath, obtusely tridentate at apex ; disk-florets hermaphrodite, 

 funnel-shaped ; receptacle paleaceous, conical ; peduncles elon- 

 gated, one-flowered, densely pilose, simple at apex. Autumn. 

 L, radical ones numerous, spreading, petiolate, oblong, acute; 

 base acuminate ; margin serrate ; cauline leaves very few, lanceo- 

 late ; superior ones linear-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, sessile. 

 Stems pubescent, clammy, h. IJft. 1829. (S. B. F. G. ser. ii., 

 32, under name of Echinacea heterophylla.) 



IPECACUANHA. The root of Cephaelis Ipeca- 

 cuanha, a Brazilian plant, the cultivation of which has 

 been introduced into India. The roots afford the im- 

 portant emetic, and the only known specific for 

 dysentery. 



IPOMERIA. Now included under Gilia. 



IPOMCEA (from Ips, Bindweed, and omoioe, similar, 

 because of the close resemblance of this genus to Convol- 

 vulus). Including Batatas, Calonyction, Exogonium, Phar- 

 bitis, and Quamoclit. OED. Convolvulacece. An extensive 

 genus (over 400 species have been described) of stove 

 or hardy, evergreen or deciduous, twining or creeping herbs, 

 rarely shrubs, widely distributed over all warm climates, 

 with a few species extending into North America. Flowers 

 purple, violet, scarlet, pink, blue, or white, rarely yellow, 

 often showy ; corolla salver- shaped, campanulate or 

 tubular ; limb spreading, entire or angular. Leaves 

 alternate, entire, lobed, or divided. Some of the stove 

 species of Ipomcea .are among the prettiest of plants for 

 covering trellises or pillars, particularly over paths, where 

 the beautifully-coloured flowers may be seen to advantage. 

 They are of free growth, and like plenty of root room, such 

 as may be secured by planting in a border inside the house. 

 If this is impracticable, large pots or boxes must be sub- 

 stituted. The hardier kinds succeed in the open air during 

 summer, if forwarded a little in a warm frame, and after- 

 wards planted out in sheltered positions. AH the annual 

 species, whether stove or half-hardy, may be readily raised 

 from seed, which should be sown early in spring, in a warm 

 house. A good plan is to place two or three seeds each 

 in small pots, and afterwards transfer the plants bodily 

 into larger sizes. They should be trained, on small 

 temporary stakes until established or finally planted out. 

 A suitable compost consists of fibry loam, rotten manure, 

 and leaf soil, which should be mixed together and used 

 somewhat lumpy. Evergreen Ipomceas of perennial dura- 

 tion may be propagated by cuttings of short side shoots, 

 placed in peaty soil, and in a brisk bottom heat ; or by 

 layers. The latter method is that best suited for L 

 Horsfallice, one of the most beautiful winter-flowering 

 species that does not succeed well from cuttings. I. Learii 

 is free-growing, and requires plenty of room ; it is one of 

 the best stove species, producing bright blue flowers 

 throughout the autumn. 



I. Aitoni (Aiton's). fl. pale purple ; corolla campanulate ; tube 

 thickened ; peduncles many-flowered, longer than the petioles. 

 April to October. I. cordate, roundish, three-lobed ; lobes acute. 

 h. 10ft. Stove evergreen twiner. (B. B. 1794.) 



I. alatipes (wing-footed), fl., corolla salmon-colour, Sin. in 

 diameter ; calyx large, ovate, lin. or more long ; pedicels wing- 

 less but very tortuose, frequently furnished with glands ; 

 peduncles axillary, with a very broad membranaceous wing on 

 each side, two to four-flowered. June. I. 2in. to 3in. long, cor- 

 date, acuminate, with a deep obtuse sinus at the base, and very 

 obtuse rounded lobes, glabroivs. Stems and branches also gla- 

 brous. Panama, 1862. Stove. (B. M. 5330.) 



X. albivenia (white-veined). /. pure white, large, solitary, ter- 

 minating the branchlets ; inside of the tube deep purple. August 

 and September. I. roundish-cordate, somewhat repand, having 

 the veins elevated, and woolly beneath. Algoa Bay, 1824. Stove 

 evergreen twiner. (B. R. 1116.) 



X. Batatas (Batatas). This is the correct name of the plant 

 described in this work as Batatas edulis. 



I. bignonioides (Bignonia-like). This is the correct name of 

 the plant described in this work as Batatas bignonioides. 



Ipomcea continued. 



L Bona-nox (Good-night). fl. white ; corolla undivided ; tube very 

 long; peduncles one to three-flowered. July and August 

 I. cordate, entire or angular, h. 10ft. Tropical America, 1773 

 Plant very smooth. Stove annual twiner. (B. M. 752.) 



X. oatbartica (cathartic), fl. purple ; peduncles one to three- 

 flowered. August and September. I. cordate or cordately three- 

 lobed. h. 10ft. West Indies, 1839. Stove evergreen climber. 

 (B. M. 4289, under name of PharUtis eathartica.) There is a deep 

 rose-coloured variety figured in B. B. 999, under name of Convol- 

 vulus pudibundus. 



X. chryseides (golden-flowered), fl. yellow, small; peduncles 

 stiff, two to seven-flowered. July to October. I. oblong-cordate, 

 sub-hastate, entire or often angular, also three-lobed. Stem 

 twisted. Tropical Asia, Africa, and Australia, 1817. Stove ever- 

 green twiner. (B. B. 270.) 



I. crassipes (thick-peduncled). H. purple ; sepals very unequal 

 peduncles one-flowered, bibracteate, thickened above. August! 

 I. oblong-lanceolate, entire, acute. A. 4ft. South Africa, 1842 

 Greenhouse. (B. M. 4068.) 



X. dasysperma (thick-seeded), ft. bright sulphur-yellow, with a 

 purplish tube, rather large, numerous ; peduncles one to three- 

 flowered. August 1. pedate ; lobes five to seven, unequal. 

 India, 1815. Stove annual. (B. R. 86, under name of /. 

 tuberculata.) 



I. ficifolia (Fig-leaved). /. purple ; peduncles three-flowered ; 

 calyx covered with black hairs. November. I. three-lobed- 

 lateral lobes rounded, middle narrower and longer. Buenos 

 Ayres, 1840. Stove deciduous twiner. (B. B. 1841, 13.) 



X. filicanlis (slender-stalked).* fl., corolla white or cream-colour, 

 with a bright purple eye in the throat, scarcely Jin. broad 

 peduncle filiform, solitary, mostly bearing two flowers, with 

 slender pedicels, the upper expanding first July. I. alternate, 

 2m. to 3m. long, less than in. wide, glabrous, linear-oblong 

 acuminate. Stems much branched, rambling rather than climb' 

 ing. Tropical regions, 1778. Greenhouse annual. (B. M. 5426.) 



L Oerrardl (Gerrard's). fl. pure white, with a yellow throat. 

 very fragrant, large, numerously produced. I. roundish, cordate 

 Stems ffljt to 15!t. long. Natal, 1867. Stove evergreen twiner. 

 (r>. M. oobl.) 



I. hederacea (Ivy-like).* fl. light blue; calyx hairy; peduncles 

 one or two-flowered. July to September. I. cordate, three- 

 lobed ; lateral lobes acuminate, intermediate acute. A. 10ft 

 Tropical regions, 1597. Half-hardy annual. SYN. /. Nil. (B M 

 188, under name of Convolvulus NiL) A resin (called Pharbi- 

 tisin), used in medicine, is obtained from the seeds of this plant. 



I. h. limbata (white-edged limbed), fl., corolla 2in. long ; tube 

 pale rose-purple ; limb deep violet-purple, edged with white 2Ain 

 in diameter. North Australia, 1868. A beautiful greenhouse 

 annual. SYN. Pharbitis limbata (under which name it ia figured 

 in B. M. 5720). 



X. Hookerii (Hooker's). Synonymous with /. rubro-cterulea. 



. . . ce- 



late, quite entire, with undulated margins. West Indies, 1833. A 

 showy and handsome stove evergreen twiner. (B. M. 3315.) 

 L Jalapa (jalap), fl. red, white, or light pink-purple ; corolla long, 

 tubular ; tube ventricose above ; peduncles two-flowered, longer 

 than the petioles. August. I. membranous, cordate, acuminated 

 entire. South United States, 1733. A greenhouse or half-hardy, 

 tuberous-rooted, evergreen twiner, the root of which sometimes 

 attains a weight of 401b. or 501b., but is hardly purgative. The 

 true Jalap is /. Purga. (B. M. 1572, under name of Con- 

 volvulus Jalapa.) 



L Learii (Lear's).* fl. intensely bright blue, numerously prod 

 July to October. Ceylon, 1839. A very rapid-growing and 



uced. 

 hand- 

 (B. M. 3928, under name o 



I. mnrlcata (muricated). fl. red ; sepals muricated on the back ; 



some stove evergreen twiner. 

 Pharbitis Learii.) 



. 



peduncles axillary, one-flowered. June and July. I. glabrous, 

 sessile, many parted. Stems filiform, branched, h. 1ft. South 

 America, 1840. Stove. (B. M. 4301.) 



L mutabilis (changeable), fl. blue, large, numerous, cymosely 

 aggregate on the tops of the peduncles. May to September. 

 1. cordate, entire or three-lobed, acuminated, hairy above, tornen- 

 tose beneath. South America, 1812. Stove evergreen twiner. 



L Nationis (Nation's), fl., calyx in. long, erect, mucronate- 

 acnminate ; corolla hypocrateriform ; tube cylindrical, whitish, 

 minutely pubescent, 2m. to 24in. long, and as many lines in 

 diameter ; limb rich orange-scarlet, spreading horizontally, 2in. 

 in diameter, five-lobed ; peduncles solitary, axillary, generally 

 three-flowered. Summer. I. membranous, cordate, acuminate, 

 entire, Sin. to 5in. long ; petiole 2in. to 4in. long. Stems long, 

 slender, branched, glabrous. Peru, 1863. Greenhouse perennial 

 (B. M. 5432, under name of Quamoclit Nationis.) 



L Nil (Nil was the name first used by the Arab physicians for this 



plant). A synonym of /. hederacea. 

 L pandurata (lyre-shaped).* fl. white, with a purple throat, 



large ; peduncles many-flowered. June. f. cordate, acuminated, 



