206 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Jacobinia continued. 



and Bolivia as far as Mexico. Flowers often yellow, 

 red or golden, rarely pale or rose. Leaves opposite, 

 entire. For culture, see Justicia (to which the genus 

 is allied). 

 J. aurea (golden). This is the correct name of the plant described 



in this work under the name of Cyrtanthera catalpcefolia. 

 J. carnea (flesh-coloured), fl. flesh-coloured ; thyrse compact ; 



bracts and sepals ovate-lanceolate. August and September. 



I. on rather long petioles, ovate-acuminate, h. 6ft. Rio Janeiro, 



1827. (B. M. 3383 ; B. R. 1397, under name of Justicia carnea.) 

 J. chrysostephana (golden-crowned). This is the correct name 



of the plant described in this work as Cyrtanthera chrysostephana. 

 J. coccinea (scarlet), ft. scarlet; spikes terminal; helmet 



lanceolate, reflexed at the end ; stigma of two plates. February. 



1. elliptical. A. 5ft. South America, 1770. (B. M. 432, under 



name of Justicia coccinea.) 

 J. Ghlesbreghtiana (Ghiesbreght's).* fl. scarlet, in terminal 



panicles. Winter. I. bright green, glabrous, ovate-lanceolate, 



entire, h. 1ft. toljft Mexico, 1843. (R. G. 97b, under name of 



Sericoffraphis Ghiesbreghtiana.) A very handsome winter-flowering 



decorative plant. 

 J. Linden! (Linden's), fl. orange-yellow, disposed in showy 



terminal heads. I. oval-acuminate, glabrous. Stem smooth. 



Mexico, 1870. (R. H. 1870, 250, under name of Justicia Lindeni.) 



JACOB'S LADDER. See Polemoiiium caeruleum. 



JACQUEMONTIA (named after Victor Jacquemont, 

 1801-1832, a French naturalist, and traveller in the 

 East Indies). OBD. Convolvulacece. This genns com- 

 prises about thirty-six species of stove twining or 

 prostrate herbs or sub-shrubs, one being a native of 

 tropical Africa, and the rest tropical American. Flowers 

 blue, white, or rarely violet, sometimes loosely or densely 

 cymose, sometimes capitate, rarely solitary or loosely 

 racemose. Leaves entire, often cordate, rarely dentate 

 or lobed. The species here described are, perhaps, the 

 only ones yet introduced. For culture, see Ipomcea. 



J. canescens (hoary). /. blue, in dense-flowered pedunculate 

 cymes ; sepals oblong, obtuse. June and July. I. oblong- 

 cordate, on long petioles, h. 6ft. Bogota, 1846. Plant downy, 

 scabrous. (B. R. 1847, 27, under name of Convolvulus canescens.) 



J. violacea (violet). /. pale blue, sessile ; peduncles umbelled, 

 five-flowered. July to September. I. oblong-cordate, acuminate, 

 sub-repand, smooth, h. 6ft. Mexico to Brazil, 1808. (B. M. 2151, 

 under name of Convolvulus pentanthus.) 



JACQTJINIA (named in honour of Nicholas Joseph 

 de Jacquin, 1727-1817, an eminent botanist, once Professor 

 of Botany at Leyden). OBD. Myrsinece. A genus com- 

 prising about five or six species of very pretty stove ever- 

 green shrubs, natives of tropical America, allied to 

 Theophrasta. Flowers white, yellow, or purplish, ter- 

 minal, racemose, or solitary ; corolla campanulate. Leaves 

 scattered, obtuse or verticillate, quite entire, with revolute 

 edges, crowded at the tops of the branches. The species 

 thrive in a compost of sandy peat, to which may be added 

 a small quantity of fibry loam. Increased, during summer, 

 by cuttings of ripened shoots, placed in sand, in a moist 

 bottom heat, and covered with a bell glass. 

 J. armillaris (bracelet), fl. white, racemose or rather corym- 

 bose. June. I. cuneate-spathulate or obovate-oblong, obtuse or 

 retuse, sometimes mucronulate, nearly veinless margins some- 

 what revolute. West Indies, Ac., 1768. Shn!b TSS Tis 

 species is known by the West Indian settlers as Bracelet-wood, 

 the shiny brown and yellow seeds being made into bracelets. 

 J. aurantiaca (orange-flowered), fl. orange, racemose. April to 

 September. 1. obovate-lanceolate, acuminated, endine in a 



JAGGED. Cut in a coarse manner. 



JALAMBICEA. A synonym of Trianea (which see). 



JALTOMATA. A synonym of Saraclia (which see). 



JAMAICA EBONY. See Brya Ebenns. 



JAMAICA PEPPER. A name given to Allspice, 

 Finienta officinalis (which see). 



JAMBOSA. Now included under Eugenia (which see). 



JAMESIA. (named after Dr. Edwin James, an 

 American botanist, who first discovered the plant). OBD. 

 Saxifragece. A monotypic genus, the species being a very 



Jamesia continued. 



pretty hardy shrub. It thrives well in any ordinary garden 



soil, if such is perfectly drained. Increased by seeds ; 



or by cuttings of ripened shoots, placed in sandy loam. 



J. amcricana (American), fl. white, about iin. in diameter, dis- 

 posed in terminal paniculate cymes. June. I. opposite, serrated. 

 Rocky Mountains, Colorado, 1865. 



A very neat dwarf-growing 

 A synonym of Stephano- 



plant. (B. M. 6142.) 

 JAMESIA (of Nc 

 meria (which see). 



JAMESONIA (named after Dr. William Jameson, 

 Professor of Botany at Quito). OBD. Filices. A mono- 

 typic genus. The species is a greenhouse fern. Sori 

 oblong, placed on the flabbelate veins on the back of the 

 pinnae, remote from the edge. For culture, see Ferns. 

 J. imbricata (imbricated), rhiz. woody, creeping, black, tor- 



tuose. sti. wiry, slender, 3in. to 4in. long, fronds 6in. to 18in. 



long, two to three lines broad, pinnate ; pinnae close, roundish, 



often spreading horizontally ; edge much incurved. Andes, from 



New Grenada to Peru. 



JANIPHA. See Maniliot. 

 JAPAN CEDAR. See Cryptomeria. 

 JAPAN MEDLAR. See Photinia japonica. 

 JASIONE (derived from a name applied by Theo- 

 phrastus to the Convolvulus). Sheep's Scabious. OBD. 

 Campanulacece. A genus (about twelve species have 

 been described) of hardy herbaceous plants, from tem- 

 perate Europe and the Mediterranean regions. Flowers 

 collected into terminal bracteated heads ; corolla blue, 

 rarely white, deeply five-parted; anthers combined into 

 a tube at the base. Leaves alternate, narrow. The 

 species form very pretty little subjects for the rock 

 garden. They thrive best in a somewhat sandy soil. 

 The perennials are propagated by sowing seed during 

 the autumn, and by divisions ; the annuals by seeds, 

 which require to be sown in March. 



J. montana (mountain), fl. pale blue, sometimes white, disposed 

 in globose heads ; peduncles naked. Summer. I. lanceolate, 

 undulated, hairy. Stem erect, simple, h. 6in. to 12in. Europe 

 (Britain). Annual. (Sy. En. B. 683.) The sea-side form of thia 

 species (littoralis) is generally biennial. 



J. perennls (perennial), fl. blue, pedicellate, disposed in large 

 sub-globose heads ; peduncles naked. Summer. I. rather hairy ; 

 radical ones obovate ; cauline ones oblong-linear, flat. Stems 

 erect, simple, h. 1ft. Western Europe, 1787. An elegant pe- 

 rennial. (B. M. 2198 ; B. R. 505.) 



JASMINANTHES. A synonym of Stephanotis 



(which see). 



JASMINE. See Jasminum. 



JASMINE2G. A tribe of Oleaceae (which see). 



JASMINUM (its Arabic name). Jasmine. One, and 

 by far the most important, of the three genera forming 

 the TBIBE Jasminece of OBD. Oleacece. About 120 

 species have been described : they are stove, green- 

 house, or hardy, evergreen or deciduous shrubs, usually 

 of trailing habit. Flowers showy, often very fragrant; 

 corolla white or yellow, salver-shaped. Leaves opposite 

 or rarely alternate, trifoliolate, impari-pinnate, or simple. 

 Jasminnms are well-known and very popular plants, on 

 account of their elegant habit, and the perfume emitted 

 by the flowers of many species. They may all be pro- 

 pagated from cuttings of firm wood. The tender species 

 should be inserted in sandy or peaty soil, and placed 

 under a hand glass, in heat ; the hardy sorts succeed in a 

 similar inclosure, without heat. J. gracillimum is an 

 excellent winter-flowering, stove or warm greenhouse plant, 

 well adapted for cultivation in pots or hanging baskets. 

 J. Sambac may be similarly treated, but its double form 

 is of somewhat straggling growth, and does best when 

 planted out and trained to a pillar. The flowers of these 

 species are white, and highly fragrant. J. grandiflorum 

 is a fine warm greenhouse species, and J. nudiflorum, 

 J. officinale, and J. revolutum merit special notice for 

 covering walls, arbours, &c., outside. Hardy Jasmines 

 thrive in any fairly good garden soil ; the stove and green- 



