208 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Jasminuzn continued. 



J. offloinale (officinal).* Common White Jessamine, fl. white, 

 fragrant ; corolla four or five-cleft. June to September. I. oppo- 

 site, pinnate ; leaflets ovate, acuminated, terminal one the longest. 

 Branches angular. Northern India to Persia, 1548. See Fig. 343. 

 Of this well-known and deservedly popular hardy climber, there 

 are golden and silver-edged-leaved, and double-flowered varieties, 

 which are, however, all inferior to the type. (B. M. 31.) 



Fio. 344. INFLORESCENCE OF JASMINUM OFFICINALE AFFINE 

 (natural size). 



J. o. affine (related) differs from the type in more copious inflo- 

 rescence, and larger flowers. Probably of garden origin. See Fig. 

 344. (B. H. 1878,87.) 



J. panlculatnm (paniculate), fl. white, in terminal panicles. 

 January. I. ternate, oval, obtusely acuminate. A. 5ft. China, 

 1818. Stove evergreen climber. (B. B. 690 ; L. B. C. 469.) 



J. pnbescens (downy), fl. pure white, large, fragrant ; petals 

 six to nine, lanceolate ; umbels terminal, sessile. Summer. I. 

 cordate, mucronate, tomentose beneath and on the petioles ; 

 upper ones forming an involucre round the umbel. China and India, 

 1759. Plant sarmentose, downy. Greenhouse straggling shrub. 

 SYNS. J. hirsutum (B. M. 1991), J. muUiflorum (A. B.Ta. 496.) 



J. pnbigerum (down-bearing), fl. yellow, with five or six obtuse 

 petals ; peduncles elongated, one-flowered, terminal, sub-corym- 

 bose, downy. Summer and autumn. I. alternate, pinnate ; 

 leaflets seven, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-acuminate, sessile, 

 downy while young. North-west India, 1827. A nearly hardy 

 evergreen climbing shrub, closely allied to J. revolutum, but with 

 smaller flowers. 



J. revolntnm (revolute-leaved).* fl. bright yellow, very fragrant, 

 with five obtuse petals; corymbs terminal, compound. May to 

 October. I. alternate, pinnate ; leaflets five to seven, ovate-lanceo- 

 late or elliptic, glabrous, on short petioles. India, 1812. A 

 greenhouse or hardy evergreen climbing shrub. Botanically, a 

 form of J. humUe, but distinct for horticultural purposes. (B. M. 



J. Sambac (Sambac or Arabian).* fl. white, fragrant, usually 

 disposed in small trichotomous cymes. I. almost sessile, mem- 

 branous, from cordate to oblong, acute or obtuse, waved. India, 

 1665. A well-known and handsome evergreen stove twining 

 shrub, producing flowers nearly all the year round. (B. B. 1.) 

 There are two or three varieties, including a double-flowered 

 form. (B. M. 1785.) 



J. simplicifolinm (simple-leaved), fl. white, terminal ; corolla 



six to eight-parted ; segments linear, acute, equal to the tube. 

 June and July. I. oblong, polls' ' 



climber, or sometimes a tree. 

 (B. B. 606). 



Australia, &c., 1800. Stov 

 (B. M. 980.) SYN. J. Docile 



J. nndnlatnm (wavy), fl. white ; cymes dense ; calyx teeth 

 subulate, pubescent. January. I. simple, cordate-oblong, shining. 

 A. 5ft. India and China, 1819. Stove climber. (B. B. 436.) 



JATEORHIZA (from iatos, healing, and rhiza, a 



root; in allusion to the medicinal qualities of the plant). 



OBD. MenispermacecB. A genus comprising two or three 



species, natives of tropical Africa or Madagascar. The 



only one worthy of mention here is J. Calumba. For 



culture, see Cocculus (to which it is allied). 



J. Calumba (Calumba). fl., corolla pale green. I. alternate, the 



younger ones thin, pellucid, bright green, generally three-lobed, 



upwards gradually more numerous. Stems annual, herbaceous. 



Boot perennial, consisting of a number of fasciculated, fusiform, 



somewhat branched, fleshy, curved, descending tubers. Mozam- 



Jateorhiza continued. 



bique. This plant furnishes the well-known Calumba-root, a drug 

 much esteemed as a bitter tonic, where a stimulant or astringent 

 effect is not required ; it is often employed in cases of indigestion, 

 dependent upon languor and want of tone in the stomach, and 

 attended by nausea and flatulence. SYN. J. palmata. (B. M. 

 2970, under name of Cocculus palmatus.) 

 J. palmata (palmate). A synonym of J. Calumba. 



JATROPHA (from iatros, physician, and trophe, food ; 

 in allusion to the medicinal qualities of the species). 

 OBD. EuphorbiacecB. A rather large genus (nearly 

 seventy species) of tall stove herbs and shrubs, rarely 

 trees (principally of economic value), widely distributed 

 throughout warm regions, but most abundant in South 

 America. Flowers in cymes. Leaves alternate, stipulate. 

 Jatrophas thrive in a sandy-peat and fibry-loam com- 

 post. Cuttings of firm young shoots, dried before inser- 

 tion, will strike in sandy soil, if placed in a brisk bottom 

 heat. 



J. integerrlma (entire-leaved), fl. red; racemes sub-cymose. 

 May to August. I. ovate, acuminate, indistinctly lobed at base, 

 rather hairy, h. 3ft. Cuba, 1809. (B. M. 1464.) 



J. mnltifida (many-cleft), fl. green. July. I. palmate, eleven- 

 lobed, smooth; lobes pinnatifid, cuneate ; stipules setaceous, 

 multifid. h. 3ft. South America, 1696. 



J. panduraefolia (fiddle-leaved), fl. scarlet. May to August. 

 I. oblong, sub-panduriform, acuminate, entire, angular at base, 

 with two teeth on each side. h. 4ft. Cuba, 1800. (B. M. 604.) 



J. podagrica (gouty-stalked).* /. orange-red ; cymes on long 

 peduncles, terminal ; teeth of calyx and lobes of corolla blunt. 

 Summer. I. peltate-cordate, five-lobed, glabrous ; lobes sub- 

 ovate, blunt ; stipules glandularly'fringed. Stem erect, branched, 

 gouty at base. A. lift. New Grenada, 1847. (B. M. 4376.) 



J. arena (stinging), fl. slender. June to September. I. roundish- 

 cordate, three to five-lobed ; the divisions toothed, cut, or even 

 pinnatifid, often discoloured. A. 2ft. to 4ft. Tropical America, 

 1880. (G. C. n. s., xiv. 753.) 



JEFFERSONIA (named after T.Jefferson, 1743-1826, 

 at one time President of the United States of America). 

 OBD. BerberidecB. A genus comprising two species of hardy 

 perennial herbs, the one from North America, the other 

 from Mandschuria. Flowers white, solitary ; scape naked. 

 Leaves radical, and for the most part bilobed or bipartite. 

 The species best known to cultivation is J. diphylla, a very 

 desirable plant. It thrives in a sandy-peat soil, in the 

 rockery or border, and in rather shady situations. Pro- 

 pagated by divisions ; or by seeds, which should be sowu 

 so soon as ripe. 



J. diphylla (two-leaved). fl. white, solitary, about lin. across ; 

 petals eight ; stamens yellow. Spring. I. profoundly cleft into 

 two lobes. A. 3m. to 6in. Tennessee, 1792. (B. M. 1513.) 



JENKINSIA. Now included under Acrostichum. 



JENKINSONIA. Now included under Pelar- 

 gonium (which see). 



JERDONIA (named after Surgeon - Major T. C. 

 Jerdon, an eminent ornithologist). OBD. Gesneracece. 

 A monotypic genus, the species being a small stove 

 herbaceous perennial. It thrives best in a sandy-loam 

 soil, and in a moist atmosphere. Propagated by seeds, 

 sown in bottom heat. 



J. indlca (Indian), fl., rosy -lilac, small ; corolla funnel-shaped, 

 five-lobed ; scape erect, terminal, bearing two or three flowers. 

 Autumn. I. in a dense tuft, cordate, obtuse, petiolate, dark green, 

 blotched with pale green along the ribs and principal veins. 

 A. Sin. Neilgherri Mountains, 1870. (B. M. 5814.) 



JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE. See Artichoke, 

 Jerusalem. 



JERUSALEM SAGE. See Phlomis fruticosa. 



JERUSALEM THORN. See Parkinsonia acu- 

 leata. 



JESSAMINE. See Jasminum officinale. 



JOB'S TEARS. See Coix. 



JOINT. In horticultural parlance, that portion of the 

 stem from which a leaf is given off is called a Joint. 



JOLIFTIA. A synonym of Telfairia (which see). 



