314 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



MACROFLETHUS. Included under Acroetichum. 

 MACROS. A Greek term, which, used in compounds, 

 signifies long, and sometimes large. 



MACROSIPHON. A synonym of Hindsia (which 



see). 



MACROSTYLIS (from makros, long, and stylos, a 

 Btyle; style very long). OBD. Rutacece. A genus com- 

 prising eight species of pretty, greenhouse, evergreen 

 shrubs, indigenous to South Africa. They are closely 

 allied to Diosma, Flowers sub-umbellately aggregate 

 at the tips of the branches ; peduncles short, bracteate 

 at base. Leaves scattered, alternate, and opposite, 

 dotted, somewhat keeled. For culture, see Agathosma. 



ML barblgera (beard-bearing), fl. reddish, with a white beard ; 

 corymbs terminal, almost sessile. April. I. opposite, cordate, 

 stein-clasping, acute. A. 1ft. to 2ft. 1826. 



M. Bqnarrosa (squarrose). fl. reddish ; petals longer than the 

 calyx. May. I. crowded, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, much- 

 spreading, h. 1ft. to 2ft. 1774. SYN. Diosma, obtusa. 



MACROTROFIS. This genus is included under 

 Ormosia (which see). 



M ACROZ AMI A (from makros, long, and Zamia, to 



which it is closely allied). Including Catakidozamia 

 and Lepidozamia. OBD. Cycadaceoe. A genus compris- 

 ing about seven species of greenhouse evergreen peren- 

 nials, restricted to tropical and temperate Australia. 

 Cones of both sexes ovoid, oblong, or cylindrical, or 

 females rarely nearly globular; scales hard, thickened 

 at apex, with an erect, spreading, or rarely recurved 

 point, either broad and short or elongated and narrow ; 

 scales of females with one pendulous ovule on each 

 side. Leaves and trunk similar to Cycas, except that 

 the pinnse have no midrib, and are striate with parallel 

 veins. The species thrive in a compost of two parts 

 well-drained sandy loam and one of peat. For general 

 culture, see Zamia. 



ML corallipes (red-stalked).* 1. forming a very contracted crown, 

 and diverging below, then sub-erect ; petiole deep green, smooth, 

 but not polished, reddish-brown towards the base ; pinnae about 

 fifty pairs, 5in. to 7in. long, ^in. broad, very narrow, linear- 

 lanceolate, acute, but hardly pungent, dark green, with a bright 

 red petiolule. Trunk sub-spherical. 1872. A very remarkable 

 and ornamental plant. Probably a form of M. spiralis. (B. M. 



H. cylindracea (cylindric). I. dark green, pinnate, coriaceous ; 

 pinnae glossy on the surface, each being marked at the base with 

 a large ivory-white patch, which strongly contrasts with the dark 

 green midrib lying between the two rows of ivory markings. 

 Stem with a long neck. 1874. Distinctly and well marked, but 

 probably a form of M. spiralis. 



ML Denisonii (Denison's). A synonym of M. Perowskiana. 

 The same name is sometimes applied, in gardens, to 31. P. Hopei. 



ML Fraseii (Fraser's).* I. pinnate, pendulous, 6ft. to 8ft. long ; 

 pinnae linear, tapering to a fine spiny point, swollen at the base, 

 forming a joint or umbo, light green or greenish-white, about 6in. 

 long, and scarcely Jin. broad ; upper surface almost black-green, 

 the under side dark green. Stem about 4ft or 5ft. in circum- 

 ference. 1846. A very handsome and distinct species. 



ML Mackenzli (Mackenzie's). I. ovate in outline, with numerous 

 pairs of narrow tapering segments of a dark green colour, and 

 from 9in. to lOin. in length ; base of petiole covered with loose 

 floccose wool ; rachis strongly convex behind, slightly so in front, 

 with the segments of the central portion set on at about Jin. 

 apart, the upper ones being more closely, and the lower ones 

 more distantly, placed. 1877. (G. C. n. s., vii. 665.) 



ML Macleayl (Macleay's). A synonym of M. Perowskiana. 



ML Mlqnelll (Miquell's). I. 2ft. to 4ft. long; base of petiole 

 loosely woolly ; upper surface of rachis flat, and often in. broad 

 in the lower part ; pinnae straight or falcate, contracted and 

 callous at base and their insertion at the rachis marginal, the 

 lowest often reduced to small teeth, male cones cylindrical, 6in. 

 to Sin. long, 2in. to 2$in. thick, female cones about as long and 

 thicker, the scales fewer. 



M. Perowskiana (Peroffski's).* I. dark green, ovate, horizontal, 

 on long stalks, linear, decurved, acuminate. Trunk stout, short, 

 scaly, supporting a crown of leaves. 1870. This species is only 

 known to us in its young state, but has the appearance of being 

 most desirable and beautiful. SVNS. M. Denisvnii, M. Uaclfayi, 

 Catakidozamia Macleayi, and Lepidozamia. Pero/gkiana. (E. G. 



Macrozamia continued. 



ML P. Hopei (Hope's). I. pinnate, 3ft. to 6ft. long ; pinnae entire, 

 linear, 6111. to 12in. long, scarcely lin. broad, dark green above, 



M^NHI win. i/u uui. lung, atkiiueij 1111. uiuau, om gieeii ciuu> e, 

 tinged with red at the base, paler below ; petioles glaucous when 

 young. Stem slender, about 1ft. in diameter in mature plants. 

 1865. A noble variety, attaining a height of 60ft. in its native 

 country ; but it is of very slow growth, and does not rapidly form 

 a stem. SYNS. M. Denisonii (of gardens) and Catakidozamia Hopei. 

 H. plnmosa (plumed).* I. erect, spirally-twisted, from 2ft. to 

 Bin, long, furnished nearly to the base with narrow-linear 

 leaflets, which are set on at intervals of about Jin., and are from 

 6in. to Sin. long; petiole flattened. Stem small, ovate with 

 woolly scales. 1874. A very beautiful plant, remarkable for its 

 distinct and elegant character. (G. C. n. s., iii. 653.) 



FIG. 499. MACROZAMIA SPIRAUS. 



M. spiralis (spiral). 1. pinnate, 1ft. to 3ft. long ; pinnae linear, 

 bright shining green, except at the base, where they are ivory- 

 white, forming a broad central white stripe. A very handsome 

 plant, known to us only in its young state. See Fig. 499. 



MACULATE. Spotted or blotched. 



MADAGASCAR NUTMEG. See Agatho- 

 phyllum. 



MADARIA. Included under Madia (which see). 



MADAROGLOSSA. A synonym of Layia (which 



see). 



MADDER. The root of Rubia tinctorum. 

 MADIA (the Chilian name of M. sativa). SYN. Biotia. 

 Including Madaria. OBD. Composites. This genus com- 

 prises about eight species of hardy, annual, erect herbs, 

 natives of North-west America and Chili. Flower-heads 

 yellow, sessile or pedunculate at the apices of the 

 branches, solitary, clustered, or loosely paniculate ; invo- 

 lucre ovoid or campanulate. Leaves alternate, entire 

 or merely toothed. The species will thrive in any 

 ordinary garden soil. Propagated by seeds, sown in 

 spring. 



M. elegans (elegant).* fl. -heads yellow ; disk-florets bearded in 

 the limb ; receptacle conical, pilose. August. I. linear or lanceo- 

 late, mostly entire. Stems diffuse. A. lilt. North-west America, 

 1831. (B. M. 3548 ; B. E. 1458.) 

 M. sativa (cultivated), fl.-heads yellow. July. I., lower ones 



opposite, entire ; upper ones alternate, h. 1ft Chili, 1794. 

 M. viacosa (clammy), fl.-heads yellow ; outer involucres ten- 

 leaved. July and August. I. lanceolate, sessile, viscid, h. lift. 

 Chili, 1794. (B. M. 2574.) 



MADWORT. See Alyssum. The name is also 

 given to Asperugo. 



MJERUA (said to be derived from Meru. the 

 Arabian name). OBD. Capparidece. A genus com- 

 prising about half-a-score species of stove or greenhouse, 

 unarmed, often glaucous shrubs, natives of tropical Africa, 

 Arabia, and the West Indies. Flowers axillary or ter- 

 minal, solitary, corymbose, or racemose; calyx funnel- 

 shaped, with a persistent tube and four lobes, valvate, 

 deciduous ; petals none, or four, inserted at the mouth 

 of the calyx. Leaves simple, entire ; petioles articulated 

 with the branches ; stipules small. The undermentioned 

 species, which is probably the only one in cultivation, 



