322 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Mammillaria continued. 



M. p. texana (Texan). This principally differs from the type 

 in the larger number of radial spines (there are from twelve 

 to twenty in M. pusilla), and in the dark green colour of the 

 tubercles ; the exterior hair-like spines cover the whole plant 

 as if with a coarse wool. Texas. 



M. pycnacantha (densely-spined). fl. deep sulphur-yellow, five 

 or six on the top of the plant, very handsome ; petals linear- 

 oblong ; anthers orange. July. Stem 6in. high, of a rounded 

 form, out nearly cylindrical ; tubercles large, nearly lin. broad 

 at base, obscurely two-lobed; axillfe filled with dense white 

 wool ; spines twelve to sixteen, woolly at base, spreading and 

 recurved, pale brown. Oaxaca, Mexico. (B. M. 3972.) 



M. raphidacantha (needle-spined). fl. purplish-violet, about 

 lin. in diameter. Stem cylindrical, 3in. to 5in. high, lin. in 

 diameter, slender ; tubercles short, conical, Jin. long, dark green ; 

 spines eight or nine, in one series, spreading, star-like, close set, 

 Jin. long, white. Mexico. A very pretty species, the peculiar 

 spines somewhat resembling crystals of ice. 



M. recurva (recurved), fl. red, disposed in zones round the 

 summit of the plant. Stem simple, sometimes divided ; axils 

 with abundant white wool ; tubercles subtetragonous, com- 

 pressed ; spines few, very long, sub-angular, white, or nearly 

 fawn-coloured. Mexico. 



M. rhodantha (rose-flowered), fl. bright rose. Stem 2in. to 6in. 

 long, 2in. in diameter, branched ; tubercles conical, iin. to Jin. 

 loifl*, with a tuft of down at the apex, and six irregular white or 



yellowish spines Jin. to Jin. long. Mexico, 1836. A most desirable, 

 free-flowering species. 



FIG. 510. MAMMILLARIA SANGUINEA. 



M. sanguinea (bloody).* /. dark red. Stem short, columnar ; 

 mamillffi glaucous-green, woolly in the axils, with from twenty- 

 four to twenty-six radiating spines, and seven to nine stronger 

 central ones, about twice as long as the outer spines. Mexico, 

 1883. See Fig. 510, for which we are indebted to Herr Fr. Ad 

 Haage, jun., of Erfurt. (R. G. 1111.) 



M. Schiedeana (Schiede's). fl. white, small. Stem cylindrical, 

 globular, Sin. to 5in. high, 2in. in diameter ; tubercles dark green, 

 cylindrical, Jin. long, very narrow and distinct, with yellow, 

 filiform spines, forming a small star Jin. in diameter. Mexico, 

 1845. A very distinct and pretty species, producing flowers in 

 abundance. 



M. senilis (old), fl. orange-red, with a violet tint Stem spheroid 

 or cylindrical, bearing numerous long white spines. Mexico, 



M. Simplex (simple), fl. greenish-white, small. Stem simple, 

 globular, 4m. to 6in. high ; tubercles conical, small, crowned with 

 white down and two series of strong reddish spines. Tropical 

 America, 1690. The first species introduced. 



M. stella-aurata (golden-star-spined).* fl. white, small. Stem 

 2in. high, iin. in diameter, branched ; tubercles short and green ; 

 spines in a flat, spreading, star-like rosette, very numerous, iin. 

 to Jin. long, yellowish. Mexico. An exceedingly pretty species 

 being covered with star-like rosettes of yellow spines. 



M. tennis (slender), fl. pale straw-colour, slightly tinged with 

 red externally, solitary, small, campanulate, produced from 

 below the summit and from all sides of the plant. May. Stem 

 2in. to 4in. high, lin. or more in diameter, cylindrical, or tapering 

 upwards, and, as well as the copious globular side offsets, covered 

 with green hemispherical tubercles ; these are about Jin. in dia- 

 meter, each tipped with a soft tuft of white down, from which 

 diverges a cluster of about twenty slender aculei, at first reddish, 

 then yellowish or pale tawny. Mexico, 1830. (B. M. 3646; 

 B. R. 1523.) 



M. tetracantha (four-spined). fl. bright full rose-colour, paler 

 in the disk, numerous, small, from the axils of the tubercles, 

 crowded about the depressed portion of the plant. July. Stem 

 sub-globose, flattened at top, nearly Sin. high, and a little less in 



Mammillaria continued. 



diameter ; tubercles conical or pyramidal, terminated with a 

 depression, from which arise four spreading prickles ; the latter 

 ' withi - - 



are about iin. long, at first brown, tipped 



: a darker colour, 



then paler, becoming at length nearly white ; axillae between the 

 tubercles occupied by a dense mass of white wool, as are also the 

 apices of the tubercles. Mexico. (B. M. 4060.) 



M. turbinata (top-shaped). /. about lin. in diameter, borne on 

 the upper part of the plant ; petals pale yellow or straw colour ; 

 anthers and stigmas yellow. June. Stem globose, depressed at 

 the summit, and contracted at base, as large as a moderate-sized 

 apple; tubercles at the contraction of the stem flattened, and 

 lengthened out transversely ; the rest ave prominent, sub-hemi- 

 spherical, but obtusely quadrangular and umbilicated at top, 

 whence, in the upper ones, rises a fascicle of from three to five 

 spines; the other tubercles are spineless, the spines being 

 deciduous. Mexico, 1838. (B. M. 3984.) 



M. Wildiana (Wilde's).* fl. rose. Stem 3in. to 4in. high, cylin- 

 drical, closely surrounded by offsets ; tubercles conical, dull 

 green ; spines in two series, the outer white, closely spreading ; 

 the others fewer and large, yellowish, and hooked at the apex. 

 Mexico. A desirable species. 



MAMMOTH-TREE. See Sequoia gigantea. 



MANCHINEEL-TREE. See Hippomane Man- 

 cinella. 



MANCINELLA. A synonym of Hippomane (which 

 see). 



MANDARIN ORANGE. See Citrus nobilis. 

 MANDEVILLA (named after H. J. Mandeville, a 

 British Minister at Buenos Ayres). STN. Ambly anther a. 

 OBD. Apocynacece. A genus comprising about forty-five 

 species of tall climbing shrubs, natives, for the most 

 part, of tropical America. Flowers yellow, white, or 

 rarely violet, often large, in simple racemes ; calyx five- 

 parted; corolla funnel-shaped; tube cylindrical or ovoid; 

 throat campanulate or oblong, without scales. Leaves 

 opposite, feather-veined. M. suaveolens, the only species 

 yet introduced, is a very handsome, half -hardy, deciduous 

 climber, thriving in a compost of good peat and turfy 

 loam, in equal parts, to which may be added plenty of 

 silver sand. It forms an excellent subject for planting 

 in a conservatory and training up a rafter, or may be suc- 

 cessfully cultivated, in some parts of England, in the 

 open air, if provided with protection in winter. Pro- 

 pagated by cuttings, made of small, stiff, side shoots, 

 about Sin. long, and inserted in sand, under a bell glass. 

 This plant rarely succeeds when grown in pots. 

 M. snaveolens (sweet-scented), fl. pure white, large, very fra- 

 grant, sometimei borne in great profusion. Summer. I. opposite, 

 cordate oblong, dark green. Buenos Ayres, 1837. (B. M. 3797 ; 

 B. R. xxvi. 7.) 



MANDIOCCA. 



A synonym of Manihot (which see). 



FIG. 511. MANDRAGORA VERNALIS showing (a) Entire Plant 

 Flower ; (6) Young Fruit ; (c) Ovary, &c. ; (d) Stamen. 



