AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



337 



Matonla continued. 



M. pectinata (comb-like), fronds ample, fan-shaped, lift, to 

 2ft. wide, hard-coriaceous, each portion sub-scorpioideo-pinnate 

 on the upper side, pinnules consequently all secund pectinato- 



Cinnatitid. Receptacle of the sori expanded into a firm, mem- 

 ranaceous, umbrella-shaped, obscurely six-lobed, stipitate in- 

 volucre, which covers and incloses six large sessile capsules. 

 Borneo, &c., 1839. 



MATHiICAHiIA (so called from its former use in 

 uterine affections). ORD. Compositce. A genus of about 

 seventy species of annual, rarely perennial, branched herbs, 

 natives of Europe, North and South Africa, and "West Asia. 

 Flower-heads yellow, with the ray white or absent; in- 

 volucral bracts in few series, nearly equal; receptacle 

 broad, flat or conical, elongate after flowering, naked. 

 Leaves much-divided, with narrowed lobes. Pew of the 

 species are worthy of cultivation ; the annuals are readily 

 raised from seeds, and the perennials by divisions of the 

 roots, or by cuttings. 



M. inodora flore-pleno (double-flowered, inodorous).* fl.-heads 

 white. A double form of a native weed, a very floriferous and 

 pretty border plant. See Fig. 525. In some gardens, it is met 

 with under the name of Anthemis Chamomilla jlore-pleno. 



MATTOCK, or PLANTER S MATTOCK. A 



garden implement, about the size and shape of an ordi- 

 nary pick, but differing from that tool in having only 

 one end pointed, the other being flattened in a trans- 

 verse direction to the handle, like that of a grubbing 

 axe. It is very useful for penetrating and breaking up 

 hard masses of earth, &c. 



MAURANDYA (namad after Dr. Maurandy, once Pro- 

 fessor of Botany at Carthagena). Including Lophospermum 

 and Usteria (of Cavanilles). ORD. Scrophularinece. A 

 small genus (sir species) of greenhouse, glabrous or pubes- 

 cent herbs, confined to Mexico. Flowers violet, purple, 

 or rose, showy ; pedicels axillary, ebracteate ; calyx five- 

 parted ; corolla tube spurred at base ; lip spreading-. 

 Leaves alternate, or the lower ones opposite, hastate, 

 angularly lobed or thickly toothed. N. Barclayana is 



FIG. 526. PORTION OF FLOWERING STEM AND DETACHED FLOWER 

 OF MAURANDYA BARCLAYANA. 



one of the best-known species ; it should be treated as 

 an annual, for summer flowering outside. M. erubescens 

 and M. scandens are well suited for a trellis or dwarf 

 wall, outside, in a warm situation. All the species suc- 

 ceed in any moderately rich sandy loam. Propagated by 

 seeds, which should be sown, in early spring, on a 

 slight hotbed, and the seedlings grown on prior to being 

 planted in greenhouses, or warm positions outside, in 

 May or June; also by cuttings of young shoots, inserted, 

 in August, under a shaded hand glass. 

 M. atrosangnlnenm (dark bloody). /. dark purple ; corolla 

 funnel-shaped, clothed with white glandular hairs ; throat cylin- 

 drical. Summer. I. cordate, acuminated, coarsely and dentately 

 serrated. 1832. Plant clothed with shining, jointed hairs. 

 (B. R. 1755.) 



Vol. TT. 



Maurandya continued. 



M. Barclayana (Barclay's).* /., corolla Uin. to 2in. long; tube 

 downy, greenish, curved; lolies ovate-roundish, emarginate, of a 

 violet-purple colour. Summer. I. cordate, acuminated ; young 

 ones somewhat hastate ; lower and middle ones obscurely five- 

 lobed. 1825. See Fig. 526. (B. R. 1108 ; L. B. C. 1381.) 



M. erubescens (blushing), fl. large, rose-coloured, beset with 

 capitate hairs ; tube whitish beneath, marbled in various ways 

 inside. Summer and autumn. I. cordate, flve-lobed, downy; 

 lobes mucronate, crenated, or deeply serrated. Branches clothed 

 with articulated, short, viscid hairs. 1830. (B. v. 242; B. M. 3037, 

 3033 ; B. R. 1381, under name of Lophospermum erubescent.) 



M. Henderson! (Henderson's). Probably a variety of 31. scandens. 



FIG. 527. FLOWERING BRANCH AND DETACHED FLOWER AND 

 LEAF OF MAURANDYA SCANDENS. 



fl. purplish-violet, glabrous. Summer. 

 /. cordate, acuminated, deeply serrated, hairy. 1834. See Fig. 



M. scandens (climbing). 



/. cordate, acuminated, ,,, ^-^a,^^, u..j. .u^. ..*, * .^ 

 527. SYNS. Lophospermum gcandeng (B. i. 17; B. M. 3650; 

 S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 401) and Usteria scandens (A. B. B. 63). 

 M. Hendersoni, with violet-purple flowers, striped or spotted 

 with white, is probably a variety of this species. 

 M. semperflorens (ever-flowering), fl., corolla pale violet or 

 reddish, liin. long, with emarginate lobes ; tube variously fur- 

 rowed ; filaments rather villous at base ; calyx segments lanceo- 

 late-subulate, glabrous. 1. mostly cordate-hastate. 1796. (B. M. 

 460.) 



MAT7RIA (named after Ernesto Mauri, an Italian 

 botanist, 1791-1836). ORD. Anacardiacece. A genus 

 comprising ten species of stove evergreen trees, inhabiting 

 tropical America. They have axillary and terminal 

 panicles of hermaphrodite or polygamous flowers, and 

 alternate, simple or impari-pinnate leaves. The two 

 species once cultivated in this country, M. heterophylla 

 and M. simplicifolia, are probably now lost to British 

 gardens. 



MATJRITIA (named after Prince Maurice, of Nassau, 

 1567-1665, a supporter of natural history). Including 

 Orophoma. ORD. Palmce. A genus comprising six or 

 seven species of handsome, large-growing, unarmed, stove 

 Palms, natives of Northern Brazil, Guiana, and the West 

 Indies. Flower-spikes pendulous, produced from amongst 

 the leaves, often very large, and bearing the flowers in 

 numerous catkins, which are sheathed at the base. Fruit 

 large, clothed with hard scales, overlapping, like a coat 

 of mail. Leaves in a large crown, fan-shaped. Mauritias 

 thrive best in a compost of loam and peat ; and the pots 

 should, if possible, be placed in tanks of water. Propa- 

 gated by seeds, sown in a hotbed, in spring. 

 M. aculeata (prickly). I. flabelliform-pinnatifid ; pinnae lanceo- 

 late-linear, spinulosely ciliated, densely glaucous beneath. 

 Caudex spiny. Tropical America. A curious and handsome 

 species. 



M. flexnosa (flexuous). I. flabelliform-pinnatifid, dark green on 

 both surfaces ; petioles semi-terete, channelled. Caudex un- 

 armed. Tropical America, 1816. A handsome plant. 



MAXILIiARIA (from maxillae, the jaws of an in- 

 sect ; referring to a resemblance in the column and lip). 

 ORD. Orchideas. An extensive genus of stove terrestrial 



2x 



