498 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Onopordon continued. 



O. elongatnm (elongated). A synonym of 0. illyricum. 



O. illyricum (Illyrian). fl.-heads purple. July. I. decurrent, 

 narrow-oblong-lanceolate, spiny-toothed, uppermost ones very 

 short, h. 6ft. South Europe, 1640. A fine biennial species, 

 with the general appearance of O. Acanthium, but having 

 greener, more deeply-cut, and more spiny leaves, stiffer stem, 

 and a more branching habit. SYN. O. elongatum. 



O. macraoanthnm (long-spined). fl.-heads purple ; involucre | 

 somewhat tomentose. July. I. decurrent, narrow-oblong-lanceo- j 

 late, acuminate, spiny-toothed, glabrous above, cobwebby be- j 

 neath. Stem erect, branched at apex, cobwebby, h. 6ft. Bar- ', 

 bary, 1798. Annual. (S. F. G. 832.) 



ONOPORDUM. See Onopordon. 

 ONOSERIS (from onos, an ass, and Sens, Endive ; 

 a salad for asses). Including Centroclinium and Chceta- 

 chlcena. OBD. Composites. A genus com- 

 prising about a dozen species of stove, 

 greenhouse, or hardy, annual or peren- 

 nial herbs, or shrubs, of variable habit, 

 natives of the Andes or extra - tropical 

 South America, one being Brazilian. 

 Flower-heads purple, pink, or white, large, 

 solitary or paniculate, on long peduncles 

 or scapes; involucre hemispherical or 

 turbinate; receptacle naked or pilose - 

 fibrillose. Leaves radical or alternate, 

 wMte-tomentose beneath. The species 

 succeed in a light vegetable soil. Pro- 

 pagation is effected by means of seeds. 

 Probably the species here described are 

 the only ones yet introduced to culti- 

 vation. 

 O. adpressa (adpressed). fl.-heads large, 



fragrant ; ray and disk similar to those -,f 



0. reflexa. June to December. I. numerous, 



spreading, reflexed, Sin. or more long, 



lanceolate, waved, and nearly entire, 



pure white and cottony beneath. Stem 



shrubby, 1ft to 2ft. high ; branches white, 



woolly. Peru, 1830. Stove shrub. (B. M. 



3115, under name of Centroclinium adpres- 



sum.) 

 O. Drakeana (Drake's).* fl.-heads bright 



Eurple, long-stalked. I. cordate-ovate, petio- 

 ite, white-tomentose beneath. New Grenada, 

 1883. Greenhouse, shrubby perennial. (R. H. 

 1883, 180.) 



O. reflexa (reflexed). JL-heads large, hand- 

 some, fragrant ; ray-florets nine to twelve, 

 rose-purple, two-lipped, three-toothed ; disk 

 deep yellow, very prominent ; peduncles 

 solitary. Late autumn. I. spreading, 2in. 

 to Sin. long, 

 tapering to 

 1830. Sto 

 reflexum.) 



ONOSMA (from onos, an ass, and osme, smell; said 

 to be grateful to that animal). Golden Drop. Including 

 Mahnranga. OBD. Boragineoe. A rather large genus 

 (about seventy species, of which, probably, not more than 

 four have been introduced) of hardy, hairy or villous, 

 annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, or sub-shrubs, in- 

 habiting South Europe, North Africa, and West and 

 Central Asia. Flowers yellow, rarely white or purplish, 

 pedicellate or sub-sessile, in simple unilateral racemes 

 or branched cymes; corolla tubular, five-lobed. Leaves 

 alternate. The species thrive in a good deep soil, pre- 

 ferably sandy loam. 0. stellulatum, and its variety 

 tauncum, are the best ; they should be grown in a well- 

 drained, sunny part of the rockery. Of the perennial 

 species, cuttings should be taken during summer ; they 

 may be rooted quickly, if placed in a close frame, and 

 kept shaded for ten or twelve days ; water should be 

 given carefully, or the hairy leaves will rot off. The 

 young stock should be well rooted and hardened 

 off before the cold weather sets in. 0. echioides 

 requires similar treatment to the foregoing, but, 

 being a biennial, it must be raised from seed each 

 year. The annuals must be sown, in the open border in 

 April. 



Onosma continued. 



O. echioides (Echium-like). fl. pale yellow, drooping, pedicel- 

 late, in terminal, conjugate racemes. May. I. spathulate- 

 lanceolate; floral ones, or bracts, ovate-cordate. Stem much 

 branched, h. 1ft. to lift. South Europe, 1683. Tubercularly 

 hispid or strigose, biennial herb. (S. F. U. 172.) 



O. simplicissimum (very simple), fl. pale yellow, in few- 

 flowered, terminal racemes ; corolla ventricose, inflated at apex, 

 three times as long as the calyx. April. I. sessile, linear, 

 slightly acute, somewhat silky-canescent beneath. Stem erect, 

 very simple, h. 1ft. Siberia, 1768. Perennial herb. (B. M. 



O. stellulatitm (small star-like). /., corolla white, yellow, or 

 citron colour, two or three times longer than the calyx. April. 

 I. straight, linear-oblong, flat, or with revolute margins ; radical 

 d lower ones sub-spathulate, obtuse ; upper ones lanceolate, 

 te, sometimes semi-amplexicaul. It, 6m. Macedonia, &c., 

 ' 



and lower 

 acu 



1819. Plant sutt'rute.scent at base. 



FIG. 745 ONOSMA STELLULATUM TAURICUM, showing Habit and 

 detached Single Flower. 



y. J/ite autumn, l. spreading, an. 



long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, coarsely toothed, gradually 

 ig to a petiole, woolly beneath, h. lift t<> 2ft. Peru, 



Stove annual. (B. M. 3114, under name of Centroclinium 



O. 8. taurienm(Taurian).* fl. yellow, about Uin. long, disposed in 

 branched, secund heads. Summer. I. linear-lanceolate, acute, 

 hispid, with revolute edges. Stems branched, h. 6in. to Sin. 

 Caucasus, 1801. Perennial. See Fig. 745. (B. M. 889.) 



ONOSMODIUM (so called from its similarity to 

 Onosma). SYNS. Osmodium, Purshia (of Sprengel). OED. 

 Boraginece. A small genus (about six species) of hardy, 

 erect, herbaceous perennials, closely allied to Onosma, 

 natives of North America and Mexico. Flowers white, 

 greenish, or yellowish, sub-sessile, in terminal, scorpioid 

 cymes or racemes ; corolla tubular, with five erect or 

 connivent lobes. Leaves alternate. The two species here 

 described are the only ones yet introduced. For culture, 

 see Onosma. 



O. carolinianum (Carolinian), fl. yellowish-white, nearly ses- 

 sile ; racemes short, revolute, terminal, drooping. Summer. I. 

 ovate-lanceolate and oblong-lanceolate, acute, h. 1ft. United 

 States, 1759. 



O. virginianum (Virginian). /. yellowish, often paniculate. 

 Summer. I. narrowly oblong, or somewhat lanceolate, obtuse, 

 three to five-ribbed, h. 1ft. United States, 1812. Plant clothed 

 with short, appressed, bristly hairs. 



ONYCHIUM (from onyx, onychos, a claw; referring 

 to the shape of the lobes of the fronds). OBD. Filices. 

 A small genus (four species) of very beautiful, stove or 

 nearly hardy Ferns, natives of Arabia, India, Cuba, 

 Japan, &c. Sori placed upon a continuous linear re- 

 ceptacle, which connects the apices of several veins ; 

 involucre parallel with the margin of the segments, 



