THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Fachyrhizns continued. 



genus comprising a couple of species of tall, stove, 

 twining herbs, one a native of Mexico, and the other 

 widely spread throughout the warmer parts of Asia and 

 America, and occurring also in tropical Africa. Flowers 

 violet-blue, in clusters, on large, glandular knobs ; 

 standard broad, obovate; keel incurved, obtuse. Leaves 

 pinnate, trifoliolate, stipellate ; leaflets often angular or 

 sinuate-lobed. Stems rising from large, tuberous roots. 

 L. angulatus, the species introduced to cultivation, thrives 

 in a light, rich soil. Propagated by cuttings, inserted in 

 sand, under a glass ; by the tubers of the roots ; or by seeds. 

 P. angulatus (angular). /. purple, in long racemes. July. 



I, leaflets angular, sharp-toothed. Tropics, 1781. Cultivated in 



the tropics for its large, Turnip-like, tuberous roots, which are 



eaten either raw or boiled. 



FACHYSA. Included under Erica. 



FACHYSANDRA (from pachys, thick, and aner, 

 andros, a stamen ; referring to the thickness of the 

 stamens). OKD. Euphorbiacece. A small genus (two 

 species) of hardy, or nearly hardy, herbaceous plants, 

 procumbent, or rooting at base ; one is from North 

 America, and the other a native of Japan. Flowers 

 monoacious, apetalous, solitary and alternate under the 

 bracts, sessile, or shortly pedicellate. Leaves alternate, 

 stalked, rather broad, deeply toothed or rarely entire, 

 triplinerved. The species are of more botanical than 

 horticultural interest. They thrive in common soil, and 

 may be increased by division of the roots. 



P. coriacea (Kathery). 

 coriacea. 



A synonym of Sarcococca saligna 



P. procumbens (procumbent), fl. white; spikes few, many- 

 flowered, borne along the base of the stem. March. I. several, on 

 slender petioles, approximate at the summit of the stem. Stems 

 6in. to 9in. long. North America, 1800. (B. M. 1964 ; B. R. 33 ; 

 L. B..C. 910.) 



P. terminalis (terminal). /. broadly cuneate-obovate, coria- 

 ceous, green, with whitish marginal variegation, crowded towards 

 the ends of the shoots. Japan, 1882. Plant of low stature. 



FACHYSTACHYS. Included under Jacobinia. 

 FACHYSTIGMA (of Hooker). A synonym of 

 Feltostigma (which see). 



FACHYSTIMA (from pachys, thick, and stigma ; in 

 allusion io the stout form of that organ). SYN. Oreophila. 

 ORD. Celastrineae. A genus of small, slightly branched, 

 highly glabrous, hardy, evergreen shrubs, requiring cul- 

 ture similar to Myginda (which see). 

 P. Canbyi (Canby's). fl. reddish, small ; petals oblong-obovate ; 

 style very short ; pedicel filiform, elongated. Summer. I. oblong- 

 linear, slightly denticulate. Stems surculosely creeping. Moun- 

 tains of Virginia. A pretty species. 



P. Myrsinites (Myrsine-like). fl. greenish, axillary, solitary or 

 fascicled ; calyx with a short tube and four rounded lobes ; 

 petals four, rounded, spreading; stamens four, inserted below 

 the disk. June. /. opposite, very shortly petiolate, small, coria- 

 ceous, serrated or entire ; stipules minute, deciduous, h. 1ft to 

 2ft. Mountains of North-west America, 1818. SYN. Myginda 

 myrtifolia (H. F. B. A. i. 41). 



PACHYSTOMA (from pachys, thick, and stoma, a 

 mouth; alluding to the thick lip). SYN. Pachychilus. 

 Including Apaturia and Ipsea. ORD. Orchidece. A genus 

 comprising about ten species of stove, terrestrial orchids, 

 with erect, nodose rhizomes and simple stems ; one is 

 tropical African, and the rest are natives of the East 

 Indies and the Malayan Archipelago. Flowers mediocre 

 or rather large, pendulous, in a simple raceme ; sepals 

 connivent, the lateral one sometimes very shortly adnate 

 to the base of the column ; petals similar to the posterior 

 sepals, but slightly smaller ; lip affixed to, or adnate to 

 the base of, the column, the lateral lobes oblong and 

 erect, the middle one short. Leaves, for the most part, 

 wanting ; but the pseudo-bulbs sometimes at length bear 

 two or three leaves. For culture, see Catasetum. The 

 species introduced are described below. 

 P. speciosum (showy), ft. yellow, showy, usually solitary, 



sometimes twin, 

 long, oblong, late 

 petals slightly narrower, obtuse ; middle segment of lip oblong, 



sometimes twin, very sweetly scented ; sepals nearly 2in. 

 long, oblong, lateral ones connate with the base of the column ; 



Pachystoma continued. 



obtuse, lateral ones broad, acute ; scape purple, 1ft. to lift, 

 high. Winter. I. twin, sheathing at base, narrow-ensiform. 

 Root succulent. Ceylon. (B. M. 5701, under name of Ipsea 

 speciosa.) 



P. Thomsonianum (Thomson's).*/., sepals and petals white, 

 beautifully shining, as if varnished; lip trifld, bright purple; 

 side laciniae and column light greenish, striped or blotched 

 with brown ; peduncle long, velvety green, bearing a raceme 

 of two or more large blossoms. Autumn. I. petiolate, oblong- 

 acuminate. Rhizome trailing, bearing roundish, depressed, 

 silicate pseudo-bulbs. A. 6in. West Tropical Africa, 1879. 

 (B. M. 6471.) 



PACKING. There are few large gardens from which 

 more or less of the produce has not to be sent on a 

 journey, at least, during some part of the year ; and 

 the practice of sending small boxes of flowers or fruit 

 has now become common amongst persons with but 

 limited means at command. On the system of Packing 

 adopted, the condition in which consignments reach their 

 destination very materially depends, be they composed 

 of plants, flowers, or fruits ; consequently, it is important 

 that due precaution should always be taken to prevent 

 the contents of packages being rendered useless in tran- 

 sit, because of their being improperly or insecurely 

 packed. The system of Packing will depend very much 

 on the length of journey to which the articles have to 

 be subjected, the sort of article, and the mode of convey- 

 ance. References here will only be possible in somewhat 

 general terms ; but these may be sufficient, if the prin- 

 cipal subjects transmitted are referred to, for providing 

 such rules, or, rather, suggestions, as may be necessary. 

 One important condition that may be said always to 

 apply, is Packing so that the contents cannot move 

 about inside their covering, no matter of what it may 

 consist. Boxes or hampers should be of a size to 

 properly hold what is intended without crushing; but 

 should they, in any case, be rather large, the spare 

 room must be filled with packing material, to prevent 

 friction, and the consequent injury that must ensue. 

 This rule is specially important in reference to ripe 

 or tender- skinned fruits ; but it applies with almost 

 equal force to horticultural products of every descrip- 

 tion. 



Plants. Packing of plants is much more extensively 

 the work of nurserymen than of private gardeners, as it 

 forms part of their trade. It is essential that consign- 

 ments reach their destination with as little breakage as 

 possible ; consequently, men are, in all large firms, kept 

 purposely for this work. The plans adopted vary with 

 plants of different sorts and sizes, some requiring more 

 protection than others. Bound, matted baskets are 

 largely used, as they are conveniently adapted for hold- 

 ing plants of different heights. Each of the latter should 

 be securely staked, and, if necessary, covered with tissue 

 paper, the ball being kept intact by tying some moss 

 from above it to the pot with matting or soft string. 

 Small plants with good roots are usually quite safe, if 

 taken from the pots and tied up in moss, and the pack- 

 age is, in consequence, rendered of less weight. These 

 would, more properly, be placed in boxes, or covered 

 hampers, so that shifting about would be impossible 

 when once the lid was fastened. Another plan is to 

 use paper flower-pots, which are manufactured and sold 

 for the purpose. These are strong, made of different 

 sizes, and are always ready for use. The plant is taken 

 from its ordinary pot, and placed in a paper one of 

 similar dimensions, which is provided with flaps at the 

 top for turning over the ball. In this way, a large 

 number of small plants may be placed in a comparatively 

 small hamper, and the work of Packing proceeds with 

 rapidity. When Packing round or flat-covered hampers, 

 it is advisable to arrange the plants as much as possible 

 with their tops towards the centre, and use, sufficient 

 packing material to keep them firm in position, the 

 greater part of the balls of earth being thus situated 



