20 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Pansy continued , 



into which Pansies are divided, namely, Fancy and Show. 

 Varieties of the latter are further sub-divided, according 

 to the colour of their flowers, into three classes, termed 

 respectively Selfs, White Grounds, and Yellow Grounds. 

 The Selfs are either black, maroon, primrose, white, or 

 yellow. White Grounds have a large, central, dark blotch 

 round the eye, then a ring, either of white or cream- 

 colour, and an outer band of bronze, purple, or maroon. 

 Fancy, or Belgian, Pansies have various colours and 

 tints curiously blended in their different flowers, the 

 petals being blotched, flamed, and edged, and quite dis- 

 tinct from those of the Show section. A third section is 

 sometimes made on behalf of Bedding varieties. These 

 are usually self-coloured, and are distinguished by their 

 compact and floriferous habit, and, as a rule, rather small 

 flowers. They are more the offspring of V. cornuta and 



FIG. 26. PANSY (Viola tricolor). 



V. lutea than of the Pansy, F. tricolor, and are more 

 generally known as Violas. The line of demarcation, 

 however, between a Viola and a Pansy is now practically 

 nndefinable. Subjoined is a list, which comprises 

 varieties of Fancy and Show Pansies of excellent 

 quality in every respect; some new ones of 1885 are 

 denoted by daggers (f). For a selection of floriferous 

 Bedding varieties, see Viola. 



Fancy Pansies. 



ALEXANDER GRANT,! dense brown blotches ; upper petals bright 

 yellow, margined and flaked crimson. ALEX. KIRK, yellow, with 

 mulberry blotches on all the petals. ALEX. M'COMB, violet 

 blotches ; upper petals and margins claret ; distinct and fine. 

 BEAUTY,! dark rosy-crimson blotch ; side and upper petals laced 

 with white; fine form. CAMPBELL-BANNERMAN, white, purple 

 blotches ; upper petals purple-edged ; fine. CAPTAIN HOUSTOUN, 

 mulberry blotches ; upper petals crimson ; large. CATHERINE 

 AGNES, purple, edged white. COLINSBURGH,! yellow, dense 

 maroon blotches ; extra. COLONEL WELSH, mulberry blotches ; 

 upper petals violet, primrose margin ; fine form. DAVID FINDLAY, 

 dark violet blotches ; upper petals claret, primrose margin. 

 EFFIE WELSH, violet blotches on all the petals, white margin. 

 EVELYN BRUCE, blotches mulberry; upper petals yellow, with 

 crimson margins; extra, JAMES GRIEVE,! yellow, flaked with 

 red, dense, dark blotches ; large ; extra good. JOHN GOLD, pale 

 crimson, dense, black blotches. MAGGIE COCHRAN,! blotches 

 bluish-purple, edged white; upper petals white, rayed rosy- 

 purple ; extra. MARTHA M'lNTOSH,! dense blue blotches ; upper 

 petals puce, edged white ; fine eye. MAY FERGUSON,! blotches 

 dark blue ; upper petals white, flaked purple, edged pure white. 

 MAT TATE, yellow, shaded red. Miss BLISS, yellow self, dense 

 blotches; extra. MRS. DALGETY, upper petals and blotches 

 violet, white lacing. MRS. G. P. FRAME, dark blotches, shaded 

 crimson, white lacing. MRS. HUTT, yellow self, dense mulberry 

 blotches; extra. MRS. M. H. MILLER, upper petals flamed 

 carmine, edged gold. MRS. T. M'COMB, mulberry blotches: 

 upper petals purple ; extra. MRS. W. D. BLACK,! rich maroon 

 blotch; upper and side petals shaded rosy-purple, edged with 

 white. MRS. WELSH, very dark violet self, pure white margin ; 

 extra fine. MRS. WM. M. WELSH, violet blotch, edged carmine ; 

 distinct. PERFECTION, mulberry blotch; upper petals violet. 

 PILRIG,! mulberry blotches ; fine eye ; upper petals yellow, 

 margined with crimson. PLORA GEM, dense, dark blotches, clear 

 white margin round all the petals. ROYAL QUEEN, deep orange, 



Pansy continued. 



edged rosy-purple ; one of the largest fancies. SUNBEAM, light 

 cream self, with solid blue blotches; fine. T. M'COMB, rich 

 crimson ; extra. WM. CUTHBERTSON, yellow, shaded crimson. 

 WM. DICK,! dense maroon blotches, tine eye, margined with 

 golden yellow. WM. HOWIE!, dense maroon blotches; upper 

 petals flaked crimson and orange, golden-yellow edge ; extra fine. 



Show Pansies. 



Class I. Sells. A. Fox, dark and smooth. BLACK PRINCE very 

 dark; fine form. COUNTESS OF ROSEBERY,! primrose, dark 

 blotch and eye ; extra fine. DR. GRAY, azure-blue, dense blotch, 

 distinct. GOMAR, deep yellow ; fine. ISA CRAIG, primrose, dense 

 blotch. ISA SMITH, cream ; very smooth. JAMES SKINNER,! rich 

 mulberry, fine eye ; one of the best of its class. JANEY ANDER- 

 SON, white, large. JOHN DONALDSON, velvety-maroon. LEITH 

 WALK BEAUTY, dark mulberry. MRS. DOBBIE, white, smooth. 

 MRS. GOODALL, white, dense blotch. MRS. TOM SMITH,! pure 

 white, large; fine for competition. PARAGON,! rich yellow, 

 fine blotch ; extra, PILRIG GEM, maroon. PRIMROSE GEM,! 

 primrose, dense solid blotch, fine eye ; distinct and constant. 

 ROBERT BLACK, black; extra. W. J. CLARK, white, solid 

 blotch ; good substance. 



Class II. White Grounds. DEVONIA, purple belt. JANE 

 GRIEVE, purple belt; extra fine. JESSIE FOOTE, purple belt. 

 JOHN CLARK, dark purple blotch and belt ; fine exhibition flower. 

 LIZZIE DONALDSON,! large, white circular field, fine dark 

 purple belt ; extra fine. M. H. MILLER, violet-purple belt, 

 solid blotch ; fine. Miss KATE SUTHERLAND, dark purple belt ; 

 fine show flower. MRS. A. PEEBLES, violet-purple belt, large ; 

 of fine form. MRS. GLADSTONE, rich purple belt ; fine form. 

 MRS. J. BUSH,! white, solid purple belt ; fine form and sub- 

 stance. MRS. R. LAIDLAW, purple belt. MRS. TODD, cream, 

 dark purple belt. N. H. POWNALL, purple belt ; extra. THE 

 MEDE, broad purple belt. 



Class III. Yellow Grounds. ALEX. SMITH,! medium shade 

 of yellow, dark purple belt ; good form and substance. CHAN- 

 CELLOR, gold, maroon belt. DR. ROBERTSON, yellow, maroon 

 belt. ELLA MURRAY, yellow, bronze belt. JAMES COOK, golden- 

 yellow ground, yellow-ruby belt ; extra. J. B. DOWNIE, bronze 

 belt. LORD F. CAVENDISH, deep golden-yellow ground, rich 

 bronzy-purple margins ; flowers very large. MARY M'COMB, 

 maroon belt. PILRIG KING, mulberry blotch, reddish-bronze 

 belt ; fine, R. DONALDSON, maroon belt ; fine. ROBERT BURNS, 

 lemon, chocolate belt ; large, constant. T. M'COMB, purple belt ; 

 large. 



PAP AVER (the old Latin name, used by Pliny, &c.). 

 Poppy. ORD. Papaveracece. A genus comprising about 

 fourteen species of hardy or half-hardy, hispid or glau- 

 cous, annual or perennial herbs, with milky juice ; one is 

 South African, another extra-tropical Australian, and the 

 rest are found in the temperate or sub-tropical regions of 

 Asia, North Africa, and Europe ; four are truly natives 

 of Britain, and a fifth the Opium Poppy is naturalised 

 here and there. Flowers red, violet, yellow, or white, 

 showy ; sepals two, rarely three ; petals four, rarely six ; 

 stamens many ; peduncles elongated ; flower-buds nodding. 

 Leaves usually lobed or dissected. The cultivation of 

 this genus is very simple, the most suitable soil being 

 a sandy loam. The species and varieties are admirable 

 subjects for borders, and for naturalising in woody spots. 

 Propagation is freely effected by seeds, or by divisions. 

 All the plants described below are hardy. 



P. alpinum (alpine).* /. yellow, rose-tinted, or white ; 

 C9vered with long, adpressed hairs. 



TO , 



summer. I. hispid or 



glabrous, once or twice pinnatisect, with narrow, sub-linear or 

 elliptic lobes ; hairs spreading or adpressed. h. 6in. From a 

 botanical point of view, this and P. nudieaule are really but one 

 species ; in cultivation, however, P. alpinum is a dwarfer, more 

 slender plant, and has, generally, citron-yellow flowers. 



P. bracteatum (bracteate).* fl. red, bracteate ; sepals scabrous. 

 May. I. or bracts pinnati-partite, hispid ; lobes oblong, serrated, 

 deeply incised, h. 4ft. Caucasus, 1817. Strictly speaking, this 

 is only a marked variety of P. orientate. See Fig. 27. (B. M. 

 658; L. C. B. 23.) 



P. Hookerl (Hooker's).* fl. varying from pale rose to crimson- 

 scarlet, with a diffused white or blue-black blotch at the base ; 

 stigmatic rays twelve to twenty. Autumn. India, 1884. An 

 ornamental plant, resembling P. Rhceas in general aspect, but 

 forming a large bushy herb 3ft. to 4ft. high. (B. M. 6729.) 



P. horridum (horrid), fl. brick or red-colour ; sepals hispid. 

 July. 1. sub -amplexicaul, glaucous, sinuato - pinnatifid, the 

 lobules prickly at the apices and on the nerves. Stem few- 

 flowered, with rigid prickles, very hispid, h. 2ft. Australia and 

 South Africa, 1825. (S. B. F. G. 173; B. M. 3623, under name of 

 P. gariepinum.) 



P. lateritium (brick-red), fl. bright orange, about 2in. across, 

 with obovate petals, and sepals covered on the back with long 

 yellow hairs. May. I. linear-elliptical, pinnatifid at the base; 

 those of the root densely crowded together, 6in. to 12in. long, 



