AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



Papyrus continued. 



tissues of the larger flowering-stems, cut into thin strips, united 

 together by narrowly-overlapping margins, and then crossed, 

 under pressure, by a similar arrangement of strips at right angles, 

 constituted the papyrus of antiquity " (Oliver). The proper name 

 of this plant is Cyperus Papyrus. 



PARACARYUM (from para, beside, and karyon, 

 & nut ; in reference to the position of the nutlets). STN. 

 Omphalodes (in part). OBD. Boraginece. A genus com- 

 prising about ten species of mostly hardy, biennial or 

 perennial, cano-pnbescent, hirsute, or rarely setose-hispid 

 herbs, natives of South Europe and Central Asia. Flowers 

 violet or blue, rather small, pedicellate or sub-sessile; 

 calyx five-parted or deeply five- cut; corolla funnel-shaped, 

 with a short or rather long tube, and five imbricated, 

 obtuse, short, erect or spreading lobes ; racemes elongated, 

 ebracteate, or few-bracted at base, sometimes loose and 

 broadly paniculate. Nutlets four, depressed at back. 

 Leaves alternate. The species best known in gardens 

 are those described below, for culture of which see 

 Cyuoglossnm. 



P. anchnsoldes (Anchusa-like). /., corolla tube purplish, 

 cylindrical, the limb blue, sub-patent; pedicels extra-axillary, 

 shorter than the calyx ; panicles loosely branched, elongated, 

 naked at apex. May. I., radical ones lanceolate, long-stalked ; 

 cauline ones linear-lanceolate, sessile. A. 2ft. Cashmere, 1840. 

 (B. It. 1842, 14, under name of Cynonlossum anchusoides.) 

 P. ccelestlnnm (celestial-blue), fl., corolla blue, margined with 

 white ; fructiferous pedicels reflexed, shorter than the calyx ; 

 racemes ebracteate, often twice bifid. August I., radical ones 

 petiolate, cordate-ovate, sub-acute ; cauline ones ovate, acute, 

 cuneate at base. h. 1ft. to 2ft. North India, 1837. (B. B. 1839, 

 36, under name of Cynoglossum ccelestinum.) 



P. myosotoldes (Myosotis-like). fl. loosely racemose ; corolla 

 blue, small, funnel-shaped, scarcely longer than the calyx. Sep- 

 tember. I., radical ones spathulate-lanceolate ; cauline ones 

 sessile, linear-lanceolate, strigose, rough. A. lift. Orient, 1838. 

 Half-hardy. 



PARADISANTHUS (from Paradeisos, park, Para- 

 dise, and anthos, a flower; in reference to the beauty of 

 the plant). OED. Orchidece. A small genus, of uncertain 

 affinity. Flowers white, curiously striped with deep 

 purple; sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, the two lateral 

 ones slightly unequal at the base; lip shortly clawed, 

 often pendulous; pollen masses four, depressed, pyri- 

 fonn. Leaves lanceolate, acute, green, sub-glaucous, 

 twin. P. bahiensis and P. Mosenii are little, terrestrial, 

 stemless orchids, rarely cultivated in England. P. Mosenii 

 should be grown, suspended near the glass, in an inter- 

 mediate house, and potted in a mixture of peat, sphag- 

 num, and charcoal. During winter, very little water is 

 required. 



P. Mosenii (Dr. Mosen's). Jl., peduncle longer than the leaves ; 

 sepals green, with a few brown bars ; lips white, with mauve 

 stripes in the basilar hollow, having angles beneath ; anterior 

 part of the column purple. I. oblong, acute, grass-like. Pseudo- 

 bulbs oblong; compressed 2in. long. Brazil, 1881. 



PARADISE, GRAINS OF. A common name 

 applied to the seeds of Amomum Melegueta. 



PARADISIA (from Paradeisos, Paradise, of which 

 the flower is supposed to be a suitable inhabitant). SINS. 

 Allobrogia, Czackia, Hyperogyne, Liliastrum. OBD. 

 LiUacecB. A monotypic genus. The species is a hardy, 

 perennial herb, with a very short rhizome, and rather 

 thick, fasciculate root-fibres. For culture, see Antheri- 

 cum. 

 P. Liliastrnm (Liliaster). This is the correct name of the plant 



described and figured in this work under name of Anthericum 



Liliastrum. 



PARAGRAMMA. Included under Folypodium 

 (which see). 



PARAGUAY TEA. See Ilex paragnariensis. 



PARANEPHELIUS. Included under Liabum 

 (which see). 



PARANOMUS. A synonym of Nivenia (which 



see). 



PARAPETALIFERA. A synonym of Barosma. 



PARASITIC. Growing into some other plant, and 

 deriving its food from the juices of that plant. - 



PARASOL, CHINESE. See Sterculia platiui- 

 folia. 



PARASOL FIR. See Sciadopitys verticillata. 

 PARASOL FINE. See Finns Pinea. 



PARASTRANTHUS. Included under Lobelia. 

 FARATROFIA. A synonym of Heptaplenrnm 



(which see). 



PARCHMENT BARK. See Fittosporum eras- 

 sifolinm. 



FARDANTHUS (from pardos, a leopard, and anthos, 

 a flower; referring to the spotted flowers). OBD. Iridece. 

 A monotypic genus. The species is a hardy, tuberous- 

 rooted, herbaceous perennial; it requires a rich, sandy- 

 loam soil, and a sheltered situation in winter. Propa- 

 gated, in spring, by seeds or by divisions. 



FIG. 32. INFLORESCENCE AND LEAF OF PARDANTHUS CHINENSIS. 



P. chinensis (Chinese), fl. orange-coloured, spotted with purple- 

 brown, nearly 2in. across ; perianth segments equal, spreading, 

 narrowed at the base; tube very short. June. I. equitant, 

 ensiform. Stem erect, leafy, h. IJft. to 2ft. China and Japan, 

 1823. See Fig. 32. (F. d. S. 1632 ; B. M. 171, under name of Ixia 

 chinensis.) The genus Pardanthus is synonymous with Belam- 

 canda, and the proper name of the plant here described is 

 B. chinensis. 



PARDUYNA. A synonym of Schelliammera 

 (which see). 



PARECHITES. A synonym of Trachelospermum 

 (which see). 



PAREIRA BRAVA. A name applied to Chondro- 

 dendron tomentosum. 



FARIETES. The inside walls of any organ. 

 FARINARIUM (from Parinari, the native name 

 of the plant in Brazil). STNS. Balantium, Exitelia, 

 Lepidocarya, Maranthes, Petrocarya. OBD. Rosacea. A 

 genus comprising about thirty-three species of stove 

 shrubs or trees, often tall, natives of the Indian Archi- 

 pelago, North Australia, the Pacific Islands, tropical 

 Africa, Brazil, and Guiana; one has been discovered 

 in the Trinity Islands, and another in South Africa. 

 Flowers white or pink, paniculate or racemosely corym- 

 bose, bibracteolate, hermaphrodite ; calyx with a short 

 or elongated tube, and five sub-equal, imbricated lobes; 

 petals five, rarely four, inserted at the mouth of the 

 calyx, sessile or unguiculate, deciduous. Fruit ovoid or 

 spherical, sometimes edible. Leaves alternate, persistent, 

 very frequently thick and coriaceous, eglandulose or bi- 

 glandulose at the apex, entire ; stipules subulate or 

 lanceolate. Few of the species are known to cultiva- 

 tion. For culture of those described below, see Chry- 

 sobalanns. 



P. excelsum (tall). Guinea Plum. fl. white, in panicled 

 racemes. February, fr. about the size of " Imperatrice " 

 plums, with a coarse skin of a greyish colour ; the pulp is dry 

 and farinaceous, and, owing to the size of the stone, is small in 

 bulk. t. oblong, coriaceous, deep green above, white with 



