34 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Paths continued. 



from lift, to 3ft., but are subordinate to all main 

 walks in a large garden, and frequently are not 

 made with anything beyond the ordinary soil. Where 

 Paths are intended to be permanent, they may bo much 

 improved if a shallow bed of clinkers, or rough gravel, 

 is laid down, and covered with finer gravel, or ashes. 

 The term Paths, or alleys, further denotes the divisions 

 allowed between seed-beds. 



PATIENCE, or HERB PATIENCE (Rumor 

 Patientia). A hardy perennial, native of Europe, &c., 

 the leaves of which were formerly much used in the place 

 of Spinach, and, in the early part of the season, as a 

 substitute also for Sorrel. It may readily be raised from 

 seed, sown about March, in drills lift, asunder, the plants 

 being eventually thinned to 1ft. apart in the rows ; or seeds 

 may be sown broadcast, and the seedlings afterwards trans- 

 planted at similar distances. Division of an established 

 stock may also be practised. To maintain a supply of 

 young leaves, which alone are pf any use, the stems 

 should be occasionally cut over. This will also prevent 

 the ripening and distribution of seed by the wind. A 

 good soil, and a rather moist situation, are most suitable, 

 but the plants grow well under almost any circumstances. 

 PATRINIA (named in honour of E. L. Patrin, 1742- 

 1814, French traveller in Siberia, &c.). STNS. Fedia (of 

 Adanson), Mou/etta. ORD. Valerianece. A genus of 

 erect, glabrous or loosely villous, hardy, perennial herbs. 

 About nine or ten species have been proposed, but several 

 authors reduce these as varieties of two only; they 

 are natives of Central and extra-tropical Eastern Asia. 

 Flowers disposed in corymbose-paniculate cymes ; calyx 

 limb small, obtusely sub-dentate ; corolla yellow, with a 

 very short tube, and a limb of five spreading lobes. Leaves 

 once or twice pinnatifid or pinnatisect ; radical ones rarely 

 entire. The plants described below are those best known 

 to gardeners. They will succeed in any light, rich soil ; 

 and may be increased by seeds. 



P. rupestris (rock-loving), fl. fragrant, smaller than those of 

 P. sibirica ; corymbs sub-umbellate. May and June. I. mem- 

 branous, pinnatifld ; segments lanceolate, the terminal one large. 

 Stem smoothish or rather downy, h. 1ft. Siberia, 1801. (B. M. 

 714, under name of Valeriana sibirica.) 



P. scabiosaefolia (Scabious-leaved), fl. disposed in loose, rather 

 panicled corymbs. May to July. L, radical ones ovate or oblong, 

 deeply serrated, pilose; stem ones pinnatifld, with lanceolate- 

 linear, acute segments, the terminal one being very long. Stem 

 glabrous, h. 1ft. Northern Asia, 1817. (L. B. C. 1340 ; S. B. F. G. 

 154.) 



P. sibirica (Siberian), fl. with a fragrance somewhat like that 

 of Jessamine. May and June. I. rather fleshy ; radical ones 

 spathulate, entire, toothed or serrated, but sometimes pin- 

 natifld at the apex ; cauline ones pinnate, with entire, usually 

 obtuse, segments. Stem glabrous h. 1ft. Siberia, &c., 1751. 

 (B. M. 2325, under name of Valeriana ruthenica.) 



FATRISIA. A synonym of Ryania (which see). 



FATTONIA. A synonym of Grammatophyllum 

 (which see). 



PATULOUS. Moderately spreading. 



FAUCIFLORTJS. Few-flowered. 



FAUCIFOLIUS. Few-leaved. 



PAULLINIA (named after Ch. Fr. Paulli, 1643-1742, 

 a Danish botanist). ORD. Sapindacece. This genus com- 

 prises about eighty species of climbing and twining, ever- 

 green, stove shrubs, confined, with one or two exceptions, 

 to the tropical regions of the Western hemisphere. Flowers 

 pale, small, in axillary racemes; sepals five, concave, 

 imbricate ; petals four, bearing scales inside near the base ; 

 stamens eight. Fruit a pear-shaped, three-sided, one to 

 three-celled capsule, with thin partitions. Leaves alter- 

 nate, stipulate, compound, one to three, ternate or pinnate, 

 or decompound ; leaflets often toothed, dotted, or lined ; 

 petioles often winged. Paullinias thrive in a soil con- 

 sisting pf loam and leaf mould. Propagation is effected 

 by cuttings, made of ripe shoots, and inserted under a 



Paullinia continued. 



bell glass, in bottom heat. The majority of the species 



are not worth cultivating, but the two here described 



will be found desirable subjects for the stovo. 



P. oceanica (Oceanian). I. slender, linear, equally or unequally 



pinnate ; pinnae sometimes simple, ovate, inciso-dentate, some- 



times ternate, with a larger terminal and two smaller lateral 



leaflets ; sometimes there is a slight wing developed upon the 



rachis near the insertion of the upper pinnae. Stems dark- 



coloured. South Sea Islands, 1875. A garden name. 



P. thalictrifolia (Thalictrum-leaved). ft. very pale pink, |in. in 



diameter, in small clusters. October. 1. 4in. to lOin. long, 



deltoid-ovate in outline, three-ternately-pinnate, pubescent, the 



main rachis angular, partially flattened or obscurely winged ; 



pinnae in six to eight pairs, narrow-ovate, the upper ones linear ; 



pinnules four to eight pairs, |in. to |in. long. Stem terete, 

 slender ; branches velvety-tomentose. h. probably many 

 Rio de Janeiro, 1871. A beautiful climber. (B. M. 5879.) 



P. t. argontca (silvery). I. like those of the type, but suffused 

 with a silvery white. A splendid variety. (B. H. 1880, p. 343.) 



PAULOWNIA (named in honour of Anna Paulowna, 

 Princess of the Netherlands, daughter of Paul I., 

 Emperor of Eussia). ORD. Scrophularinece. A mono- 

 typic genus, the species being a very handsome, hardy, 

 deciduous tree, with the habit of Catalpa. It does well 

 in any good soil, and may be increased by cuttings, or 

 by imported seeds, sown in a cold frame ; the seedlings 

 should be planted in the open ground when sufficiently 

 large. On account of the dull colour of its downy 

 leaves, and the flowers appearing too early for our 

 climate, the tree is not so much grown as formerly. 



FIG. 38. FLOWERI 



P. imperialis (Imperial).* fl. showy ; corolla pale violet, with 

 dark spots on the inside, liin. to 2in. long, with an elongated 

 tube, and a five-lobed, spreading limb ; panicles terminal, with 

 opposite, many-flowered branches. June. Capsule usually lin. 

 long, ovoid, acuminate. I. opposite, entire or three-lobed, broad, 

 soft, villous or pubescent, 6in. to 12in. long. Branches hori- 

 zontal, tortuous. /i.SOft. Japan, 1840. See Fig. 38. (B. M. 466.) 



FAVETTA (the vernacular name of P. indicct in 

 Malabar). STNS. Baconia, Crinita, Verulamia. ORD. 

 Rubiacece. A genus comprising about sixty species of 

 glabrous, pubescent, or tomentose, stove or greenhouse, 

 shrubs or small trees, indigenous in the tropics, and 

 also found in South Africa. They are closely allied to 

 Ixora, but the lobes of the corolla are twisted in the 

 bud ; the style projects for some distance from the 

 corolla, and is terminated by a club-shaped stigma. 

 Flowers white or greenish, disposed in trichotomously- 

 j branched corymbs, rarely capitate, often bundle-flowered, 



