58 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Fedicularis continued. 



and July. I. deeply pinnatifld, with unequally-toothed, linear- 

 lanceolate segments. Stem simple. A. 1ft. Europe, &c., 1796. 

 (J. F. A. 140.) 



P. megalantha (large-flowered), fl. yellow ; corolla large, with 

 a tube twice as long as the calyx ; beak of galea proboscis-like, 

 twisted and triflcl ; pedicels and calyces villous. June. I. pin- 

 natifld, with oblong or ovate, pinnatifld or serrate segments. 

 Stem simple. A. 6in. to 12in. Himalayas, 1836. (R. G. 943.) 



P. palustris (marsh-loving), fl. dull pink ; upper lip of corolla 

 obtusely three-lobed, lower broad. May to September. I. lin. to 

 3in. long, linear-oblong, pinnate ; segments oblong, crenate, 

 obtuse or pinnatifld, the ultimate ones rounded. Stem stout, 

 erect, branched above. A. 6in. to 18in. Europe (Britain). (F. D. 

 2055 ; Sy. En. B. 996.) 



P. recutita (circumcised). /. purple, in a compact, leafy spike ; 

 calyx sometimes hairy ; galea of corolla very blunt. July and 

 August. I. pinnatifld, with deeply-toothed segments. Stem 



simple. A. 1ft. to lift. Central Europe, 1787. The habit of this 

 species is singular, the leaves being collected under the spike. 

 (J. F. A. 258.) 



P. rostrata (beaked), fl. purple, borne in a few-flowered raceme ; 

 galea of corolla falcately beaked, the beak truncate at apex. 

 July and August. I. pinnate ; leaflets or segments pinnatifid. Stem 

 declinate. A. Sin. to 9in. Western Europe, 1819. (J. F. A. 205.) 



P. Sceptrum-Carolinum (Charles's Sceptre).* fl. golden-yellow, 

 twin or tern, disposed in an interrupted spike ; corolla lin. long, 

 the lower lip tinged with purple or blood-colour. August. I. pin- 

 natifid, with ovate, crenulated lobes. Stem few-leaved. A. 3ft. 

 to 4ft. Europe, 1793. (F. D. 26.) 



P. spicata (spicate-flowered). fl. purple, disposed in a dense, 

 elongated spike ; galea of corolla straight, obtuse. June. I. four 

 (or sometimes five) in a whorl, pinnatifid, with obtuse segments, 

 the uppermost ones often quite entire. A. 1ft Dahuria, 1827. 



P. sylvatica (sylvan). Red Rattle, fl. rose-colour, loosely spicate ; 

 corolla lin. long, with a slender tube. April to July. I. much as 

 in P. palustris, but having the segments acute. Stems many, Sin. 

 to lOin. long, decumbent, and ascending from a very short root- 

 stock, leafy. Europe (Britain). (F. D. 225 ; Sy. En. B. 997.) 



P. versicolor (various-coloured), fl. parti-coloured, red and 

 yellow, or pure yellow, disposed in an oblong spike ; galea straight, 

 obtuse, angular in front, with the apex reflexed. June to August. 

 I. pinnate ; segments or leaflets imbricated backwards, serrated. 

 Root fasciculately tuberous. A. 6in. to 12in. Siberia, 1819. 



P. vcrticillata (whorled).* fl. rose-colour or white, pedicellate ; 

 galea of corolla straight, toothless and beardless ; spikes dense, 

 or interrupted at the base. May and June. I. pinnate or pin- 

 natifid, with oblong or ovate, obtuse, toothed segments. Stem 

 erect, nearly simple. A. 6in. to 12in. Europe, 1790. 



FEDILANTHUS (from pedilon, a shoe, and anthos, 

 a flower ; alluding to the shape of the blossoms). Slipper 

 Spurs. STN. Crepidaria. ORD. Euphorbiaceoe. A genus 

 comprising about fifteen species of stove shrubs, often 

 with fleshy branches, natives of tropical America, from 

 Brazil to Mexico and the West Indies. Involucres green 

 or coloured, irregular, oblique, disposed in terminal or 

 axillary, dichotomons cymes ; male flowers several, females 

 one, to an involucre. Cauline leaves alternate, entire; 

 floral ones frequently opposite. P. tithymaloides, which 

 is probably the only species introduced, is a shrub of a 

 succulent nature. It thrives in a thoroughly well- drained, 

 sandy loam, with the addition of a little well-rotted 

 cow-dung. Propagation may be effected by cuttings, 

 thoroughly dried at the base, inserted in sand, and 

 occasionally very slightly moistened. 



P. tithymaloides (Tithymalus-like). Jew-bush. fl. disposed in 

 rather dense, terminal cymes ; involucre purple, nearly Mn. long. 

 Slimmer. I lin. to Sin. long, sub-sessile, cuneate at base, ovate 

 or oblong, acute, often recurved at apex, the margins slightly 

 undulated ; cauline ones ovate, long-acuminate. A. 4ft. to 6ft. 

 West Indies, 1874. (B. R. 837 ; B. M. 2514, under name of 

 Euphorbia cannata ; L. B. C. 727, under name of E. canalicu- 

 lata.) 



FEDILEA. A synonym of Microstylis (which see). 



FEDILONIA. A synonym of Wachendorfia 

 (which see). 



FEDILONUM. A synonym of Dendrobium. 



FEDROSIA. Included under Lotus (which see). 



PEDUNCLE. A flower-stalk, whether supporbing a 

 cluster of flowers or only a single one. 



FEEFUL-TREE. See Ficus religiosa. 



PEGANUM (the old Greek name, used by Theo- 

 phrastus, for Rue, which the plants resemble). ORD. 



Pegfamim continued. 



RutacecB. A small genus (four species) of hardy, peren- 

 nial, branched herbs. One is broadly dispersed over the 

 Mediterranean region and the warmer parts of Asia, and 

 the rest are found in Central and Eastern Asia and 

 Mexico. Flowers white, rather large ; sepals four or five, 

 narrow, often leafy and pinnatifid; petals four or five, 

 spreading, entire ; peduncles one-flowered, opposite the 

 leaves, sub-terminal. Leaves alternate, entire or irregu- 

 larly multifid, not dotted. P. Harmala may occasionally 

 be met with in English gardens. It thrives in any light 

 soil, and may be multiplied by divisions of the root. 

 P. Harmala (from the Arabic name). /. green-veined, with 



entire calyces. July and August. I. multifld into linear lobes. 



Root woody. A. 1ft. Europe, 1570. (S. F. G. 456.) 



PEG-WOOD. A name applied to Cornus sanguined 

 and Euonymus europceus. 



FEIRESCIA. A synonym of Fereskia (which see). 



PELARGONIUM (from pelargos, a stork; in 

 allusion to the beak of the fruit, which resembles a 

 stork's bill at least, as much as the Geranium does that 

 of a crane). Stork's Bill. Including Campylia, Ciconium, 

 Grenvillea, Hoarea, Jerikinsonia, Otidia, Phymatantlius, 

 and Seymouria. OKD. Geraniacece. An extensive genus 

 (about 170 species have been described) of, for the 

 most part, greenhouse, glabrous or pubescent, perennial 

 herbs, shrubs, or sub-shrubs, of variable habit, natives, 

 for the most part, of the Cape of Good Hope. 

 Flowers irregular ; sepals five, imbricate, connate at 

 base, the upper segment having a spur which is ad- 

 nate to the pedicel ; corolla of five petals (sometimes 

 four or two) ; peduncles axillary, opposite the leaves, 

 umbellately two to many-flowered, or rarely one-flowered. 

 Leaves opposite or rarely alternate, entire, dentate, lobed, 

 or variously divided, stipular. But few of the species are 

 now in general cultivation, having been, to a great extent, 

 superseded by the numerous handsome hybrid forms. 

 Except where otherwise stated, the species described 

 are South African, and require greenhouse treatment. 



It would be difficult to name a more popular plant 

 for gardens of every description than the Pelargonium. 

 The several sections into which the varieties are 

 divided owe their origin principally to hybridising and 

 cross-breeding some of the species indigenous to the 

 Cape ; and few, if any, subjects that have ever been 

 taken in hand have so richly and liberally rewarded 

 the hybridist's labour. Throughout the whole year, the 

 Zonal section plays a most important part in furnishing 

 cut flowers, and also decorative plants, for greenhouse, 

 room, and window embellishment ; in summer, this section 

 is invaluable for bedding, and is largely represented in 

 the flower garden, though not to the extent, in many 

 places, that it was a few years since. Show, Decora- 

 tive, and Fancy Pelargoniums are exceedingly floriferous 

 and showy, their flowering season being spring and early 

 summer. The Ivy-leaved sorts form an important and 

 very useful section; many are of trailing habit, and 

 may be used for vases, &c., with good effect. A collec- 

 tion of Cape species and hybrids is far too rarely seen, 

 as the flowers of many, although small, are beautifully 

 and delicately marked, and the habit of the plants is 

 generally very compact. Wherever Pelargoniums for 

 greenhouse decoration are grown, a selection from the 

 species and hybrids should be included. Their leaves 

 are frequently sweet-scented, and useful for mixing with 

 flowers of many other genera ; and the plants, when 

 blossoming, afford much more than ordinary interest. 



PROPAGATION. Pelargoniums of every description are 

 readily raised from seeds, and the natural habit of the 

 species and single-flowered varieties is generally that of 

 bearing seeds somewhat freely. The seed vessels should 

 be collected just before they burst, and put into a paper 

 bag to ripen. Some cultivators sow at once, but the 



