84 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Fetalostemon continued. 



these organs in this genus). Prairie Clover. ORD. 

 Leguminosce. A genus comprising about fourteen species 

 of pretty, hardy or half-hardy herbs, usually perennial, 

 gland-dotted, closely allied to Dalea; they are confined 

 to the warmer parts of North America. Flowers rose- 

 coloured, purplish-violet, or white ; calyx teeth or lobes 

 sub-equal; standard heart-shaped or oblong; heads or 

 spikes terminal, or opposite the leaves, often peduncu- 

 late, sub-sessile. Leaves impari-pinnate ; leaflets small, 

 entire, exstipellate ; stipules minute, setaceous. The 

 best-known species in cultivation are P. candidus and 

 P. violaceus ; these thrive in a compost of sandy loam 

 with a little peat or leaf mould. They may be increased 

 by divisions, in spring. Both are hardy perennials. 



P. candidus (white).* ft., corolla white ; heads oblong, when old 

 cylindrical. July. I., leaflets seven to nine, lanceolate or linear- 

 oblong, h. 1ft. 1811. 



P. violaceus (violet).* fl., corolla rose-purple; heads globose- 

 ovate, or oblong-cylindrical when old. July. I, leaflets five, 

 narrow-linear. h. 1ft. 1811. (B. M. 1707.) 



PETAMENES. A synonym of Antholyza. 



FETASITES (an old Greek name used by Dios- 

 corides, from petasos, an umbrella; alluding to the 

 size of the foliage). Including Nardosmia. ORD. Com- 

 posites. A genus comprising about a dozen species of 

 hardy, more or less white-tomentose or woolly herbs, 

 with perennial rhizomes or stems, natives of Europe, 

 Asia, and North America. Flower-heads purple or white, 

 rarely yellowish-white, heterogamous, mediocre, racemose 

 or thyrsoid-paniculate at the tips of the scapes ; invo- 

 lucre campanulate or cylindrical; receptacle flat, naked. 

 Leaves radical, often ample, cordate or reniform. Scapes 

 or stems many-headed, with the leaves reduced to alter- 

 nate scales, or rarely with the lower ones more evolnte. 

 Many of the species formerly included under Tussilago 

 are now referred, by Bentham and Hooker, to this 

 genus. All succeed in any ordinary soil, and may be 

 increased by divisions. Some of the species are rather 

 pretty. The following are among the best-known. 

 P. alpina (alpine). A synonym of Homogyne alpina. 

 P. fragrans (fragrant).* fl. -lieads white, sweet-smelling ; invo- 

 lucral scales acute. February. I. cordate at base, orbiculate- 

 cartilaginously toothed ; lobes sub-rotund at base. h. 6in. 

 South-western Europe, 1806 (naturalised here and there in 

 Britain). (G. C. n. s., ix. 147.) SYN. Tussilago fra<jrans (B. M. 1388). 

 P. frigida (frigid).* fl.-heads white. April and May. I. rounded, 

 somewhat reniform, white-woolly beneath, palmately and deeply 

 rive to seven-lobed, bin. to lOin. broad ; lobes toothed and cut. 

 k. 6m. Arctic regions, 1778. SYN. Tussilago friffida. 

 P. nlveus (snowy). JL -heads white, borne on simple pedicels. 

 March. 1. broadly cordate, sub-triangular, toothed, slightly 

 glabrous above, snowy-tomentose beneath ; lobes divaricate, sub- 

 acute, h. 1ft. Europe, 1713. 



P. vulgaris (common). Bog Rhubarb; Butter Bur. fl.-heads 

 borne in cylindric panicles, Sin. to lOin. long, the female longest, 

 elongating after flowering; pedicels slender. March to May. 

 I. Sin. to 3ft. in diameter, reniform or orbicularly cordate, 

 irregularly toothed, white or cobwebby beneath, and, when 

 young, above also. Stems 4in. to 18in. high, stout, purplish 

 below. Europe (Britain), &c. SYNS. Tussilago hybrida (this 

 name represents the female plant) and T. Petasites. (Sy. En. B. 

 783, 784.) 



FETASOSTYLIS. Included under Leianthns 

 (which see). 



PETIOLAR. Borne on, or relating to, a petiole. 



PETIOLE. The footstalk of a leaf. 



PETIOLULE. The footstalk of a leaflet. 



PETIVERIA (named after James Petiver, F.R.S., 

 1665-1718, an apothecary and distinguished botanist, 

 of London). SYN. Mapa. ORD. Phytolaccacece. A 

 monotypic genus (according to the authors of the 

 " Genera Plantarum "). The species is an ornamental, 

 slender, erect, glabrous or puberulous, dichotomously- 

 branched stove herb, shrubby at base, with an alliaceous 



Fetiveria continued. 



smell. It thrives in a mixture of loam and peat, and 



may be increased by cuttings of the half-ripened wood, 



rooted in bottom heat. 



P. alliacca (Onion-like). Guinea-hen Weed. fl. white, very 

 shortly pedicellate, small, disposed in axillary and terminal 

 racemes ; perianth conical at base, with four spreading, per- 

 sistent segments. June. fr. erect. I. alternate, petiolate, 

 ovate, entire, membranous, Sin. to 4in. long (including the 

 short petiole), 14in. broad, attenuated at both ends, peflucid- 

 dotted. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. high. Mexico to Brazil. (L. B. C. 148.) 



P. a. octandra (eight-anthered). fl. with eight anthers an 

 urplish filaments. I. si 

 rpe. SYN. P. octandra. 



purp 



type. 



h eight 

 r, and stem shorter, than in the 



A synonym of P alliacca 



P. octandra (eight-anthered). 

 octandra. 



FETR2EA (Linnaeus dedicated this genus to Robert 

 James, Lord Petre, a famous patron of botany, who 

 died in 1742). ORD. Verbenacece. A genus comprising 

 about a dozen species of beautiful, twining or arborescent, 

 stove shrubs, natives of tropical America. Flowers 

 violet, purple, or bluish, shortly pedicellate in the axils 

 of the bracts ; calyx lobes five, large, prettily coloured 

 at the flowering season; corolla often intensely coloured, 

 with a short tube, and an oblique, five-fid limb ; racemes 

 elongated, terminal or in the upper axils. Leaves 

 opposite, coriaceous. The species described below, which 

 are, probably, all in cultivation, should be planted in 

 good, rich mould, and kept in a strong heat. Propaga- 

 tion may be readily effected by cuttings, inserted in 

 light sandy soil, under a glass. P. volubilis is an ex- 

 tremely handsome twiner. 



P. arborea (tree-like).* fl. blue, saturated with violet, disposed 

 in copious, axillary or solitary, loose, pendulous racemes, 6in. 

 long. June. I. oblong-lanceolate, obovate-oblong, or elliptic, 

 narrowed at base, 4in. to 7in. long, liin. to 2iin. broad, sub- 

 cordate, very shortly petioled, obtuse or retuse, and mucronate 

 at apex, entire, h. 12ft. South America, 1823. Arboreous. 

 (L. B. C. 1606, under name of P. erecta.) 



P. macrostachya (large-spiked), fl. lilac, disposed in terminal, 

 elongated, pendulous racemes, which are lft. to 2ft. long ; 

 pedicels shorter than the calyx tube. June. I. petioled, lanceo- 

 late, oblong, or oval-elliptic, 4in. long, 2Jin. broad, shortly 

 acuminate at both ends, mucronate, entire, undulated, h. 20ft. 

 South America. Twiner. (P. M. B. iv. 99, under name of 

 P. Stapelice.) 



P. rugosa (wrinkled), fl. blue, shortly pedicellate, disposed in 

 axillary or terminal, solitary, erect, loose racemes. July. 

 I. rigid, very shortly petioled, elliptic, sub-cordate at base, and 

 slightly rounded or retuse at apex, mucronate, entire, 2in. to 2iin. 

 long, IJin. to liin. broad, with reflexed margins, reticulately 

 wrinkled above. A. 6ft. to 8ft. Caraccas, 1824. Arboreous. 

 P. volubilis (twining).* Purple Wreath. /. purple, on pedicels 

 twice as long as the calyx tube, and disposed in a single, ter- 

 minal, elongated, nodding raceme, about 6in. long. July. 

 I. Sin. to 4in. long, very shortly petioled, ovate, elliptic, or oblong, 

 rounded or slightly narrowed an J ' 



nate or obtuse, mucronate, entire, undulated, h. 20ft. 

 Ac., to Brazil, 1733. (B. M. 628.) 



PETR2EUS, PETROSUS. Growing in rocky 01 

 stony places. 



PETROBIUM (from petros, a rock, and bio, to 

 live ; alluding to the habitation of the species). SYN, 

 Laxmannia (of Forster). ORD. Composite. A mono- 

 typic genus, the species being an ornamental, stove tree. 

 It thrives in sandy loam, and may be increased by 

 cuttings, which root readily in a similar soil. 



P. 



arboreum 



ather small, 



(tree-like), fl.-heads yellow, dioecious, mediocre 01 



fl.-heads yellow, dioecious, mediocre 01 



rather small, disposed in corymbose, leafy panicles, at the 

 apices of the branches ; involucre campanulate ; bracts few : 

 receptacle small, flat; achenes hispidulous, scabrous. June. 

 I. opposite, dentate. St. Helena, 1816. 



PETROCALLIS. 



see). 



PETROCARYA. 



(which see). 



PETROCOPTIS. 



see). 



PETROMARULA. 



(which see). 



Included under Draba (whicL 



A synonym of Farinarinm 



Included under Lychnis (wind 



Included under Phytenma 



