122 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Pioa continued. 



oblong, four-sided, flattened at the top. conet deflexed, 2n. to 

 3in in lencth oblong tapering to both ends; scales shining 

 oblong-oyaU , V 90ft to 120ft. Japan, 1861. A tine pyramidal 

 tree. (G. C. n. a., xiii. 212.) 

 P. oommonlB (common). A synonym of P eaxelaa. 



FIG. 144. PlCEA EXCELSA. 



P. Engelmanni (Engelmann's).* I., in young plants, numerous, 

 stout, rigid, acute, slightly recurved, deep green, more distinctly 

 quadrangular than those of any other American species, cones 

 2in. to 24in. long. h. 80ft. to 160ft, Rocky Mountains, 1864. 

 A stately tree. 



P. E. glanca (glaucous). A beautiful glaucous, silvery variety, 

 very handsome and attractive. 



FIG. 145. PICEA EXCELSA, showing a) Fruiti. 

 (2) Scale with Seeds in position, and (3) 



P. excelsa (tall)* Burgundy Pitch-tree; Norway Sprue* Fir. 

 L scattered, quadrangular, cone* cylindrical, terminal; pendent, 

 5m. to 7m. long, liin to 2in. broad ; scales naked, truncate at the 

 summit, flat, lin. to liin. long, and about *in. broad. North of 

 Europe, particularly Noiway, 1548. A well-known, lofty tree 

 SYN. P. commums. See Figs. 144 and 145. The varieties are 

 very numerous, the most important being the following : 



P. e. attenuata (thin-leaved). A slender-growing form with 

 small ^and thinly-set leaves, which lie close to the branches. 



Ficea continued. 

 P e anrea (golden). A striking form, with long, curved, glaucous 



green leaves, which are tipped with gold. 



P e Clanbrasiliana (Lord Clanbrasil's).* A very dwarf, dense, 

 slow-growing shrub, rarely exceeding 4ft. high. A more erect- 

 growing form of this variety is known as stncta. 

 P e. elegans (elegant). I. more erect than in the type. h. 5ft. 

 to 6ft A compact, dwarf, and slow-growing bush, with short 

 branches. 



P e eremita (solitary). Very like P. e. nwnstrosa, but having 

 shJrt ' amlthicker branches Bark reddish. SYN. P. imnfeto. 

 P e. Finedonensls (Finedon). I., young ones on the upper 

 side of the shoots, and the wood also, at first of a pale yellow, 

 changing to a bronzy-brown, and, when fully matured, to a light 

 green ; those on the under side, and where shaded, more or 

 less green from the first 



P. e. Gregory! (Gregory's). A densely-branched, conical, slow- 

 growing bush, of a bright green hue. 

 P. e. horlzontalis (horizontal). A variety with a horizontal 



habit, and more curious than beautiful. 

 P. e. Invert* (pendulous-branched). A very elegant weeping 



form, of free growth, h. 50ft. to 80ft. 



P. e. monstrosa (monstrous). A curious variety, with elongated, 

 straggling branches, very sparsely furnished with lateral growths. 

 P. e. nana (dwarf). A synonym of P. e. pygmasa. 

 P. e. pumila glanca (low-growing, glaucous). I. nearly erect 

 on the branches. A very dwarf, spreading, slow - growing 

 variety; very distinct and pretty. 

 P. e. pygmsea (pigmy). A diminutive variety, of a pyramidal 



shape. A. 1ft. SYN. P. e. nana. 

 P. e. pyramidalis (pyramidal). A dwarf, conical, slow-growing 



variety, suitable for rockwork. 



P. e. tenuifolia (narrow-leaved). A synonym of P. e. attenuata. 

 P. e. variegata (variegated). A form with yellow, but somewhat 



inconstant, variegation. 



P. Glehnii (Glenn's). I. crowded, in many rows, curved, linear, 

 four-sided, sharply pointed, cones linear-oblong, lin. to 2in. long, 

 iin. to nearly lin. wide; scales leathery, slightly striated, wedge- 

 shaped, upper free portion rounded, denticulate, longer than the 

 broadly lanceolate, denticulate bracts. Japan, 1880. A dwarf, 

 dense-growing tree. (J. L. S. xviii. 513.) 



P. jezocnsis (Yesso). I. linear, close set, and arranged spirally 

 around the stem, sharp-pointed, with a prominent midrib on both 

 sides, cones cylindrical, 2in. to 2in. long, lin. in diameter, 

 obtuse both at base and apex, pendulous, terminal ; scales un- 

 dulated, irregularly toothed at the free edge. h. 100ft. to 120ft. 

 Japan, 1879. A tall, fast-growing tree. (G. C. 1850, 311.) 

 P. Maximowiczii (Maximowicz's). I. rigid, acute, erect, iin. 

 long, dark green. A species that does not thrive in this climate, 

 presenting, according to Messrs. Veitch, very miserable-looking 

 specimens, and, therefore, not recommended. (G. C. n. s., xiii. 

 363.) 



P. Mcnzicsii (Menzies').* I. linear, mucronate, incurved, turned 

 in every direction, resupinate from being twisted at the base, 

 silvery beneath, 2in. long, rigid, acute. cmies pendulous, 

 cylindrical, generally Sin. long, and about lin. broad ; scales 

 with a dry, shrivelled appearance, gnawed on the margin, 

 about |in. long, |in. broad, h. 50ft. to 70ft. North Cali- 

 fornia, 1831. A tall tree, with regularly whorled, somewhat 

 stiff branches. 



P. miniata (red-branched). A synonym of 



P. excelaa eremita. 

 P. Morinda (Morinda). A synonym of 



P. Smithiana. 



P. nigra (black). Black Spruce. I. solitary, 

 regularly disposed all round the branches, 

 erect, Jin. long, somewhat quadrangular. 

 cones cylindrical, IJin. to nearly 2in. long, 

 and nearly lin. broad, blackish-purple ; scales 

 rounded, somewhat undulated, with crenu- 

 lated or divided apices, h. 50ft. to 80ft. 

 North America, 1700. The branches of the 

 Black Spruce are drooping, and the tree 

 is more useful for economic than ornamental 

 purposes. 



P. obovata (reversed - egg - coned). This 

 species is said to resemble P. excclsa, but, 

 owing to its very early growth, is unsuit- 

 able for cultivating in England. Siberia. 

 P. Omorika (Omorika). I. flattish, straight 

 or curved, linear-oblong, obtuse, Jin. to Jin. long, shining 

 green beneath ; the upper side with a prominent midrib, coties 

 Larch-like, l}in. long, Jin. thick. Buds ovoid, clothed with 

 ovate-lanceolate scales. Servia, 1884. A tall and distinct Fir. 

 (G. C. n. a., xxi. 308-9.) 



P. orientalis (Eastern).* I. solitary, acute, sub-quadrangular. 

 cones sub-cylindrical, pointed at the apex, Sin. long ; scales broader 

 than long, slightly angular-ovate, rounded at the apex, sub-entire 

 Taurus and Caucasus, 1825. A somewhat dense-growing, lofty 



