126 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Pileus continued. 



species ; e.g., in Marasmius oreades (see Fig. 149) and 

 Hydnum repandum (see Fig. 150). It is usually 

 fixed by the middle of its lower surface, as in all the 

 examples quoted, to the stop of a stalk; but in a good 

 many Fungi that possess a Pileus, the stalk is fixed to 

 one side (e.g., in many species of Polyporus), and others 

 want it altogether. The upper surface of the Pileus is 

 usually covered with a skin or coat, which in many 



Filocereus continued. 



OBD. CactecB. A small genus of greenhouse succulents, 

 now included, by Bentham and Hooker, under Cereus ; 

 the principal differences consist in the flower-bearing 



FIG. 150. HYDNUM RF.PANDUM, showing Irregular Flattish Pileus. 



species is slimy, but in some is scaly, in others hairy, 

 &o. The Pileus bears generally, on its lower surface, 

 the spore-producing surface, or hymeninm in some 

 genera, in the form of gills; in others, like tubes or 

 fleshy teeth (see Mushrooms). The Pileus and stalk 

 together form the hymenophore. 



PILEWORT. See Ranunculus Ficaria. 

 FILL Hairs. 



FILIFEROUS. Tipped with, or bearing, hairs. 

 FILLWORT. See Pilularia. 



FILOCARFUS from pilos, a cap, and karpos, a 

 fruit; referring to the shape of the berries). ORD. 

 Rutaceae. A genus comprising about five species of 

 stove shrubs, natives of tropical America and the West 

 Indies. Flowers green or purple, gland-dotted; calyx 

 short, almost entire, or four or five-toothed; petals four 

 or five, triangular; racemes or spikes simple, terminal 

 or axillary. Leaves petiolate, opposite or alternate, or 

 ternately whorled, one to three-foliolate or impari-pin- 

 nate, coriaceous or membranous, entire, pellucid-dotted. 

 For culture, see Chloroxylon. 



P. pennatifolins (feather-leaved), fl. purple, in crowded racemes, 

 18in. long ; petals thick, lanceolate. I. alternate, impari-pinnate ; 

 leaflets two or three-jugate, elliptic or oblanceolate, the margins 

 obsoletely revolute. pellucid-dotted, h. 6ft. Brazil. (B. M. PI. 

 48 ; L. J. F. iii. 263.) This is one of the plants which furnishes 

 the Jaborandi of commerce, an energetic diaphoretic and sialo- 

 gogue. 



PILOCEREUS (from pilos, wool, and Cereus; re- 

 ferring to the long hairs upon the spine-cushions). 



portion of the plant being unlike the rest, 

 usually forming a dense, woolly head at the 

 summit of the stem, and having more numerous, 

 longer and thinner, often hair-like spines, and 

 the flowers themselves being smaller, and having 

 fewer divisions, with the stamens attached to 

 the whole surface of the tube. The species very rarely 

 produce flowers in cultivation. For culture, see Cactus. 



FIG. 152. PILOCEREUS DAUTWITZU. 



