AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



135 



Pingnicula continued. 



P. orchidoides (Orchis-like). .*., corolla riolet-purple, nearly 1 Jin. 

 long, somewhat fire-parted, with a very short, constricted tabe, 

 and oblong-ubovate, sob-equal lobes. October. I. spathulau.-- 

 rotundate, Uin. to liin. long, lin. broad, thick, pilose above. 

 A. Sin. to 4in. Mexico, 1845. Greenhouse. (B. M. 423L) This is 

 probably simply a form or condition of P. caudata. 



P. vaHianeriarfblia (Vallisneria-leared). /. soft purple or lilac- 

 purple, with conspicuous, white or pale centres, large. 

 I. pale yellowish-green, linear, in dense tufts, and un 



the margins. 



inai 



Mountains of Spain. 



dulated at 

 Half-hardy. (Gn.. April, 



P. vnlgarls (common). Bog Violet; Butter-root K. riolet; 

 corolla with the lower lip much longer and broader than the 

 upper ; segments broad or obtuse ; scapes several, 4in. to tin. 

 long, purplish. May to July. I. lin. to 3in. long, appressed to 

 nd, oblong, obtuse, succulent, with incurved margins ; 

 b:oad, rery short. Europe (Britain), &c. See Fig. 158. 

 y. En. B. 112L) 



The typical species of Dianthtu, from which 

 the garden Pinks are supposed to have descended, is 

 D. plumarius, a native of Eastern Europe, which has 

 become naturalised in some parts of Britain. Since it 

 was introduced to cultivation in this country, about the 

 year 1629, numerous varieties and forms have been pro- 

 duced ; but most of the improvement, from a florist's point 

 of view, has been made during the present century. The 

 common white Pink is a well-known occupant of almost 

 all gardens; yet its flowers are so pure and sweet-scented 

 that they are always welcomed. For cutting, all the 

 varieties of garden Pinks are invaluable ; they are also 

 amongst the most popular and easily-grown of border 

 plants. 



Pinka may be propagated by seeds, by layers, or by 

 cuttings ; the latter are usually termed pipings. Seeds and 

 layers are treated in precisely the same way as those of 

 the Carnation (which see). Pipings usually answer best 

 for the propagation of Pinka; they are produced in 

 quantity round the base of old plants, and should be 

 taken soon after the flowering season is past, and in- 

 serted, about lin. apart, in very sandy soil, under hand- 

 glasses, where they should be kept shaded from sunshine. 

 All the preparation necessary is to remove a few of the 

 lower leaves, taking care, however, to preserve the 

 young buds, and to cut off the end, close to the bottom 

 joint, with a sharp knife. The glasses should be kept 

 on until roots are formed, when the young plants may 

 have air gradually admitted to them, and be afterwards 

 placed in a prepared border, in the open air. 



Planting is best performed in September, so that the 

 plants may become established and well rooted before 

 winter; this is of great importance, as it considerably 

 affects their future well-being. It should not be deferred 

 later than the end of September. If planted in lines, a 

 distance of about 1ft. should be allowed between them, 

 and 9in, apart in the lines will afford sufficient space 

 for the first year at least. Pinks succeed well in any 

 fairly rich, loamy soil; but when the production of large 

 flowers is the chief aim, a bed should be specially pre- 

 pared for them. This should be raised above the 

 ordinary ground level, and made up with turfy loam, 

 leaf mould, and well - decomposed manure. Bead 

 scrapings, or anything of a similar gritty nature, are of 

 great use for intermixing. Prepared beds should be made 

 up about August, and be forked over occasionally; they 

 should be from 1ft. to lift, in depth. When raised 

 above the path, an edging of some sort is generally 

 necessary for keeping up the soil, preventing water 

 from running off, and defining the beds. A top-dressing 

 of horse-manure, lin. thick, should be put on during 

 March, and lightly forked in. Another top-dressing of 

 manure may be given with advantage at the latter end 

 of May, and water copiously applied, in the evenings, 

 after hot, dry days, in summer. When large flowers 

 are required, disbudding must be practised, and side 

 growth removed at an early stage, in order to throw 

 the strength into the limited number of buds left ; when 



Pink continued. 



the flowers are only required for cutting and for border 

 decoration, this is unnecessary. 



There is a valuable section of Pinks that are well 

 adapted for forcing under glass, to flower before those 

 outside. They will not withstand much heat, but may 

 be gradually brought on in a cool temperature, and 

 where plenty of air is admitted. Pinks for forcing should 

 be thoroughly established. Cuttings must be inserted in 

 pots, eo soon as any are procurable, in spring, and 

 placed in a gentle bottom heat. The young plants thug 

 obtained may be grown on, under glass for a time, and 

 then in a prepared bed all summer ; they should be care- 

 fully lifted, and placed in pots, early in autumn, and 

 wintered near the glass, in a cold frame. 



Varieties. These may be divided into two classes, 

 Show or Laced kinds and Border Pinks; nearly all of 

 the latter are adapted for forcing, and are invaluable 

 for ordinary decoration in outside beds. The following 

 is a selection from the best varieties: 



Border and Forcing Pinks. ANNE BOLEYN, pink, dark 

 centre ; large, rery free-flowering. ASCOT, soft fleshy-pink, with 

 deep carmine centre ; dwarf, extra fine and floriferous. CARNEA. 

 flesh-colour, dark blotch at the base of each petal. DELICATA, 

 white, dark plum centre, fringed. DERBY DAY, deep pink, laced 

 with purple, large flower ; distinct Fi MB RUT A MAJOR, pure 

 white ; a rery large, fringed form of the old white variety, about 

 three times the size ; very free, HERCCLES, white, rich dark 

 lacing, rery large. LADY BLANCHE, pure white, small; fine 

 for forcing and buttonholes. LORD LYONS, deep rosy-purple, 

 large, smooth, full flowers ; free and distinct. Miss OWEN, 

 centre dark relvety -maroon ; exceedingly dwarf. MRS. GRIEVE, 

 pink, laced with maroon, fringed ; rery distinct and floriferous. 

 MRS. JAMES WELSH, rich crimson self, fringed; dwarf. MRS. 

 PETTIPER, white, with light purple lacing ; rery useful. M*s. 

 SINKINS, pure white, very sweet-scented; flowers very large; 

 habit dwarf, sturdy, and very hardy ; extra fine, MRS. W. Ttf. 

 WELSH, white, shaded yellow, edges slightly fringed ; rigorous 

 grower. NEWMARKET, rich pink, dark lacing; free. PILRIG 

 PARK, pearl-white, edged pink, centre yellow and crimson ; a 

 beautiful single variety. ROBCSTA, pale pink, fringed, very 

 fragrant; rigorous habit ROSEA, rose, dark centre, fringed. 

 RCBENS, dark flowers ; dwarf and free habit SNOWDON, pure 

 white, rery large ; free-flowering and late TOM WELSH, peach, 

 laced deep crimson, fringed. 



Show or Laced Pinks. ATTRACTION, fine deep ruby ; good 

 form. BEAUTY OP BATH, beautiful rose-lake. BERTRAM 

 (Turner), red, broad lacing ; extra fine, BOIARD (Turner), 

 broad, smooth petals, beautifully laced bright red ; extra fine. 

 CLARA (MacleanX red, full size ; rery constant CRITERION, 

 light rose; neat EMEBALD, red lace, large and full ; fine 

 form. ENSIGN (FellowesX broad red lace. GALOPIN (TurnerX 

 rosy-red lace ; large and fine. GODPREY (TurnerX bright reddish- 

 purple ; extra fine. HARRY HOOPER (HooperX reddish-purple, 

 bright lace; distinct JAMES BLACK (Dicksons and Co. X pure 

 white, plum-purple lacing; rery large and constant JESSICA 

 (Turner), red, large, full flower. JOHN BALL (Maclean), dark 

 plum-purple ; extra fine. LADY CRAVEN (HooperX fine red, very 

 rich. MALCOLM DUNN, pure white, heavily laced maroon ; 

 full flower. MB. HOBBS (LookerX rosy-purple. MRS. DR. 

 GRAY (Dicksons and Co.), pure white, narrow maroon lacing, 

 neat and smooth ; extra. MRS. JAMES GALLOWAY (Dicksons and 

 Co.X pare white, rery narrow peach lacing; one of the most 

 delicately-marked varieties. MRS. WAITS (TurnerX rosy-red; 

 medium size. RELIANCE (HooperX red lace, large and fine. 

 SHIRLEY HIBBERD (Turner), rosy-purple ; large, full, and fine 

 VOLUNTEER, rich rosy-purple. WILLIAM PAUL (PaulX clear rose 

 lace, large, full flower ; extra fine, 



PINXNEA. A synonym of Pinckneya (which tee). 



FINKNXiYA. A synonym of Pinckneya (which 

 tee). 



FXNX OP MY JOHN. 



A common name for Viola 

 tricolor (which see). 



PINNA. One of the 

 primary divisions or leaflets 

 of a pinnate leaf. 



PINNATE. When leaf- 

 lets are arranged along each 

 side of a common petiole. 

 A Pinnate leaf of Jasmine is shown at Fig. 159 



FIG. 159. PINNATE (SIMPLE) 

 LEAP OP JASMINE. 



