AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



331 



Rubns co ntinued. 



quantities of fruits in the hedgerows, which are sometimes 



gathered and made remunerative. 



R. arcticns (Arctic), fl. reddish ; sepals lanceolate, often shorter 

 than the obovate, entire or emarginate petals. June. Jr. amber- 

 coloured, delicious. 1. trifoliolate ; leaflets rhombic-ovate or 

 obovate. coarsely and often doubly serrated, petiolulate. Stem 

 low, herbaceous, unarmed. Arctic regions of both hemispheres. 

 (B. M. 132 ; R. G. 314.) 



R. australis (Southern).* fl. pink or whitish, fragrant, very 

 numerous, in branched, prickly, downy panicles, in. to $in. in 

 diameter. Early summer, fr. numerous, yellowish, juicy, austere. 

 L very variable, ovate to lanceolate, or reduced to prickly mid- 

 ribs, 3in. to 5in. long. Prickles scattered, recurved. New Zea- 

 land. A lofty climber, hardy against a wall or in a sheltered 

 spot 



FIG. 396. INFLORESCENCE OF BUBUS FRUTICOSUS cssius. 



R. biflorus (two-flowered). fl.. white, iin. to 3in. in diameter, 

 one to three together on axillary, slender, drooping peduncles ; 

 calyx pubescent. May. fr. golden-yellow, globose, Jin. in 

 diameter; drupes twenty to thirty. L, leaflets three or five, 

 Iin. to 14m. long, ovate, lobulate, doubly toothed, white and 

 tomentose beneath, pubescent or hairy above. Stems and 

 branches rambling, white with glaucous bloom ; prickles very 

 strong, recurved. Himalayas, 1818. (B. M. 4678.) 



R. canadensis (Canadian). American Dewberry; Low Black- 

 berry, fl. white, racemose, with leaf-like bracts. May. 

 fr. blackish, ovate or oblong, excellent, ripening earlier than 

 that of R. villosus. I., leaflets three (or pedately five to seven), 

 oval or ovate-lanceolate, mostly acute, thin, nearly smooth, 

 sharply cut-serrated. Stems extensively trailing, slightly 

 prickly. North America, 1811. 



R. Chamaemorus (ground Mulberry).* Cloudberry, fl. white, 

 Iin. in diameter ; sepals unequal, villous ; petal* oblong. June 

 and July. fr. orange-yellow, Jin. in diameter ; drupes few, large. 

 1. few, sub-orbicular-cordate, obtusely five to seven-lolled, Iin. to 

 Sin. in diameter, petiolate, crenate, wrinkled. Stem 4in. to Sin. 

 high, erect, unarmed, simple, one-flowered, herbaceous or nearly 

 so. Europe (Britain). (Sy. En. B. 440.) 



R. cratsegifollus (Hawthorn-leaved), fl. white, axillary, solitary, 

 or terminal, sub-racemose ; sepals acuminate, mostly recurved ; 

 petals clawed, obovate-spathulate, often retu.se at apex. fr. rich 

 dark red. 1. cordate, trifld, or more or less lobed or toothed. 

 Branches, petioles, and nerves of the leaves, armed with re- 

 curved prickles. North China and Japan. (R. G. 591, 924.) 



R. cuneifolius (wedge -shape -leaved). Sand Blackberry. 

 fl. white ; petals large ; peduncles two to four-flowered. May 

 to July. fr. blackish, ovate or oblong, good-flavoured, ripening 

 in August. I., leaflets three to five, cuneate-obovate, rather 

 thick, serrated above. Stems upright, armed with stout, re- 

 curved prickles. Branchlets and under side of leaves whitish- 

 woolly, k. 1ft. to 3ft. North America, 1811. 



R. Dalibarda (Dalibarda). This is the correct name of the 

 plant described in this work as Dalibarda repens. 



R. deliciosus (delicious).* fl. purple; sepals ovate-oblong, 

 with a dilated acumination, shorter than the oval petals. May. 

 fr. large, and of delicious flavour. I. renifonn-orbicular, 

 wrinkled, slightly three to five-lobed, finely serrate-toothed; 

 stipules persistent. Stem erect. Branches, young leaves, and 

 calyx, tomentose-pubescent. h. 3ft North America, 1870. 

 (B. M. 6062 ; G. C. n. s., xv. 537.) 



R. fruticosus (shrubby).* Blackberry; Common Bramble. 

 /. white or pink, in terminal racemes, the lateral branches 

 corymbose or elongated. July to September, fr. black or 

 reddish-purple. 1. usually pinnately three to five foliolate, sub- 

 persistent, glabrous or pubescent; leaflets on long or short 



Rnbus continued. 



petioles, obovate or rhomboid-obovate, coarsely and irregularly 

 serrated or toothed, convex, dark green above, pale and often 

 glaucous beneath. Stem glabrous or bristly, prickly Europe 

 (Britain), Ac. Dnder this species, Mr. Baker classifies twenty- 

 one sub-species. 



R. L csestns (grey). Dewberry, fl., sepals appressed, densely 

 tomentose all over the back, fr., drupes few, large, glaucous 

 I., leaflets usually three, green on both surfaces. Stein prostrate 

 glaucous. Prickles unequal, setaceous. See Fig. 396. 



R. Idaras (Mount Ida). Raspberry. /. white, drooping ; calyx 

 long-tipped ; cymes iin. in diameter, few-fiowered. June to 

 August, fr., drupes many, red or yellow, hoary. L ovate or 

 elliptic, acuminate, 3in. to Sin. long, acutely and irregularly ser- 

 rated, white and hoary beneath. Stems 3ft. to 5ft high, biennial 

 terete, prickly, pruinose. Europe (Britain). For culture, <fcc. 

 see Raspberry. 



R. lacinlatus (torn).* fl. white or rose-coloured, in loose panicles ; 

 calyx segments prickly, somewhat leafy, reflexed at apex ; petals 

 three-lobed at apex. June to September. I., leaflets three to 

 five, dissected and sharply serrated, puberulous beneath. Stems 

 nearly terete, straggling. Prickles dilated at base. (\V. D. B. 69.) 



R. lasiocarpus (woolly-fruited), fl. deep pink, small ; petals 

 orbicular or broadly obovate ; corymbs small, axillary and ter- 

 minal, corymbosa May. fr. red or orange, small, globose, hoary. 

 I. Sin. to lOin. long ; leaflets five to nine, ovate, elliptic, or ovate- 

 lanceolate, Iin. to Sin. long, acutely toothed or serrated, beneath 

 usually hoary, the terminal one above lobulate. Branches 

 cylindric, rambling. Prickles stout, variable. Himalayas. 



R. L pauclflorns (few-flowered), fl. small, puberulous, crowded 

 in corymbs. A common Himalayan form, glabrous and shining 

 except the under surface of the leaves. (B. K. 854, under name of 

 R. paucijlonui.) 



R. nutons (nodding), fl. white, usually solitary, axillary, liin. 

 broal, on stout peduncles ; calyx tube villous. J une. fr. of few 

 scarlet drupes. /., leaflets three, orbicular or sub-rhombuidal, 

 l^in. to Sin. long and broad, obscurely lobed, acutely and doubly 

 toothed, the lateral ones shortly petiolulate. Stem 1ft to 2ft 

 long, unarmed, from a woody rootstock. Himalayas, 1850. 

 (B. M. 5023.) 



R. nutkanus (Nootka). /. white, very large ; sepals long-cuspi- 

 date ; peduncles rather few-flowered. August, fr. red. I. five- 

 lobed ; lobes nearly equal, broad, coarsely and unequally toothed. 

 Stems flexuous, hirsute, h. varying from 1ft. to 10ft. North 

 America, 1826. (B. M. 3453 ; B. R, :368 ; S. B. F. G. ser. iL 83.) 



R. occidentalis (Western). Black Raspberry; Thimbleberry ; 

 Virginian Raspberry, fl. white; petals small, erect, shorter 

 than the sepals. May. fr. purplish-black (rarely whitish), 

 hemispherical, ripening early in July. I., leaflets three, rarely 

 five, ovate, acute, coarsely and doubly serrated, white-downy 

 beneath, the lateral ones somewhat stalked. Stems recurved, 

 with hooked prickles. North America, 1696. 



R. odoratus (fragrant). Purple-flowering Raspberry. /. purplish- 

 rose, showy, 2in. broad ; calyx lobes tipped with a long, narrow 

 appendage ; petals rounded ; peduncles many-flowered. June to 

 August, fr. reddish, flat and broad. I. three to five-lobed ; lobes 

 pointed and minutely toothed, the middle one prolonged. Stem 

 3ft to 5ft high, not prickly. North America, 1700. (B. M. 323.) 



R. parvifolins (small-leaved), fl. red, racemose ; calyx segments 

 tomentose, ovate, short. August and September, fr. red, globose. 

 I. trifoliolate ; leaflets clothed with white tomentum beneath. 

 Stems terete, tomentose. h. 1ft to 2ft Japan, 1818. (B. R. 496.) 



R. phcenicolasius (purple-haired), fl. pale pink, in terminal 

 racemes ; calyx liin. to 2in. in diameter ; petals minute, erect 

 Midsummer, fr. scarlet, ovoid - oblong, |in. long, of forty or 

 more ellipsoid drupes. I. 5in. to Yin. long, pinnately trifoliolate 

 or the uppermost ones simple ; leaflets crenate-serrated, white- 

 tomentose beneath. Stem tall, sub-scandent. Japan, 1877. 

 Plant covered with stiff, gland-tipped, red-purple hairs. (B. M. 



R. reflexns (reflexed). fl. white, racemose, axillary; sepals 

 ovate, bluntish, equalling the petals; racemes few-flowered, 

 nearly sessile, reflexed. July and August. I. oblong-cordate, 

 three to five-lobed, densely tomentose beneath ; terminal lobe 

 elongated. Stems unarmed, straggling. Branches terete. China, 

 1817. Greenhouse. (B. R. 461.) 



R. rosuefolius (Rose-leaved), fl. white, fin. to Iin. in diameter, 

 solitary or in very loose panicles. August, fr. orange-ied, 

 globose or oblong, of innumerable, minute, glabrous drupes. 

 1., leaflets five to seven, ovate - lanceolate, acuminate, doubly 

 incised-serrated, Iin. to 2in. long, rarely more. Steins erect or 

 inclined, with scattered, hooked prickles. Himalayas, 1811. 

 Greenhouse. (F. d. S. 1714.) 



R. r. coronarius (crowned). /.. petals numerous, much longer 

 than the calyx. (B. M. 1783 ; G. C. n. s., xL 77 ; L. B. C. 158.) 



R. spectabilis (showy).* Salmon Berry, fl. bright red, very 

 large ; sepals hairy at base, much shorter than the petals ; 

 peduncles solitary or in pairs, one or two-flowered. May. fr. 

 red, ovoid, more than double the size of the common Rasp- 

 berry, but inferior in flavour. I. nearly glabrous, trifoliolate ; 

 leaflets ovate, acuminate, membranous, somewhat pinnatifid- 



