360 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Sarcanthus continued. 



small, disposed in an erect, racemose panicle 14ft. long. I. 6in. 

 long. India, 1878. A plant of no particular merit. 



S. paniculatus (panicled). fl. yellowish ; sepals and petals 

 marked with two blood-coloured stripes, linear-oblong, un- 

 dulated ; blade of lip two-horned ; spur straight ; spike pani- 

 culate. I. long-lorate, obliquely bilobed and obtuse at apex. 

 China. SVN. Aerides paniculatum (B. R, 220). 



S. Parish!! (Parish's), fl. yellow, with a rose-coloured lip, 

 small, produced in slender spikes. I. lorate, obliquely tipped. 

 Moulmein, 1861. An inconspicuous plant. (B. M. 5217.) 



S. restrains (beaked), fl. borne in a simple, horizontal spike 

 equalling the leaves ; sepals and petals yellowish-green, with 

 sanguineous margins ; lip violet, produced into a beak. I. lan- 

 ceolate, acute, flat, sub-recurved. China, 1824. (L. C. B. 39u.) 



S. striolatus (slightly striated). /., 



als and petals orange- 



.). fl., sepals an 



parallel, longitudinal bars ; lower 

 part of the spur white, the upper part of the lip orange. Philip- 

 pine Islands, 1882. 



S. succisus (lopped-off). /., sepals and petals yellowish-green, 

 purple in the middle, obtuse ; lip yellow, blood-coloured at apex ; 

 spike simple, horizontal or deflexed, longer than the leaves. 

 1. oblong, slightly undulated, prsemorse. China, 1824. (B. B. 

 1014.) 



S. teretifolius (terete-leaved). JL, sepals and petals yellowish- 

 green, marked with sanguineous veinings, obtuse, reflexed ; lip 

 white, the margins of the throat violet ; spur straight, obtuse, 

 pubescent within ; spike simple, horizontal, equalling the leaves. 

 I terete. China, 1819. (B. M. 3571.) SYN. Vanda teretifolia 



(L. C. B. 6). 



S. Williamson!! (Williamson's). Jl. of a pretty amethyst-colour, 

 disposed in spreading panicle*. I. pale green, terete. Assam. 

 1865. An elegant little plant, resembling a diminutive Vanda 



SARCOCAPNOS (from sane, sarlcos, flesh, and 



Kapnos, the Greek name for Fumitory ; the species have 



fleshy leaves). OBD. Pa-paveracece. A small genus (four 



species) of hardy, dwarf, tufted, perennial herbs, in- 



habiting the Spanish Peninsula or North Africa. Flowers 



white, yellow, or purplish ; sepals two, scale-like ; petals 



four, erecto-connivent, one of the two outer ones spurred 



at base, the other flat, the inner ones narrow and 



cohering at apex ; stamens six ; racemes terminal, few- 



flowered. Leaves dissected; segments usually broad and 



rather thick. 8. enneaphylla, the only species intro- 



duced, thrives in the open border or on rockwork. It 



may be readily increased by seeds, or by cuttings. 



S. enneaphyUa (nine leaved), fl. yellow, marked with purplish 



above, small, in short racemes of about ten. June. I. tri- 



ternately parted, on long, slender petioles; leaflets roundish- 



ovate, sometimes cordate at base, mucronulate at apex, the 



terminal one usually larger. Stems 2in. to 5in. high, slender, 



suffruticose at base. Southern Europe, <fcc., 1714. 



SARCOCARP. The fleshy or succulent portion of 

 a drupe, lying between the epicarp and endocarp. The 

 term is sometimes used to generally indicate a baccate 

 fruit. 



SARCOCARPON. A synonym of Kadsnra (which 

 see). 



SARCOCAULON (from sarx, sarkos, flesh, and 

 caulon, a stem; alluding to the fleshy stems). OBD. 

 Geraniaceai. A genus comprising three species of divari- 

 cately-branched, fleshy or succulent, rigid, greenhouse 

 herbs or sub-shrubs, armed with spines formed out of 

 persistent and hardened petioles; they are confined to 

 South Africa. Flowers purple, on axillary, one flowered 

 peduncles; sepals five, imbricated; petals five, hypo- 

 gynous, imbricated; stamens fifteen. Leaves small, on 

 the spinous petioles, or tufted or solitary in the axils 

 of the thorns. The species thrive best in a compost 

 of loam, peat, and leaf mould or sand. Propagation may 

 be readily effected by young cuttings, inserted in sand, 

 under a glass; or by cuttings of the roots. 

 S. Burmanni (Burmann's). fl. 1 Jin. to 2in. broad ; petals twice 

 as long as the mucronate sepals ; stamens five long and ten 

 shorter. May. I. obovate-cuneate, iin. to jin. Ion-- inciso- 



?^ iat ?' n gl br ^o^ or downy> fleshy> on short Petioles.' A. 1ft. 

 low. (U. M. 5729.) 



S. L'Heretieri (L'Heritier's). fl., petals not much exceeding the 

 cuspidate, attenuated sepals. May. I. obovate or obcordate 

 acute or obtuse, entire, glabrous. A. 1ft. 17SO. This is often 

 confounded with S. Patenoni. 



Sarcocaulon continued. 



S. Patersoni (Paterson's). fl. smaller than in either of the other 

 species ; petals not twice as long as the obtuse, mucronate 

 sepals. May. I. cuneate or obcordate, obtuse or mucronulate. 

 entire, glabrous, h. 2ft. 1327. 



SARCOCEPHAIiUS (from sarx, sarkos, flesh, and 

 kepJtale, a head; alluding to the fleshy heads of fruit). 

 Guinea Peach. SYN. Cephalina. OBD. Rubiacece. A 

 genus comprising about eight species of stove shrubs or 

 trees, sometimes climbing, with terete or obtusely quadri- 

 gonal branchlets; they inhabit tropical Asia, Africa, and 

 Australia. Flowers white or yellow ; calyx limb truncate, 

 obscurely five or six- toothed ; corolla tubular- infundibuli- 

 form, the limb of five or six rounded lobes; heads terminal 

 and axillary, pedunculate, sometimes paniculate, ebrac- 

 teate. Fruit globose, one-celled. Leaves opposite, pe- 

 tiolate, sub-coriaceous ; stipules interpetoliar, mediocre 

 and triangular or ample and obovate, deciduous. S. escu- 

 lentus is an interesting, climbing shrub, seldom seen 

 in collections. It should be grown in a compost of loam, 

 peat, and sand. Cuttings will root, if inserted in sand, 

 under a glass, in heat. 8. cordatus requires similar 

 treatment. 

 S. cordatus (heart-shaped), fl. yellow, in dense, globular heads 



above Iin. in diameter without the styles ; corolla about Jin. long. 



May. I. broadly ovate, obtuse, rounded, cuneate, or broadly 



above Iin. in diameter without the styles ; corolla about Jin. long. 

 May. I. broadly ovate, obtuse, rounded, cuneate, or broadly 

 heart-shaped at base, 4in. to lOin. long, sometimes softly pubescent 



beneath; stipules large, quickly deciduous. A. 10ft. or more. 

 Australia and India, 1820. A handsome tree. SYN. Xaucha 

 coadunata. 



S. esculentus (edible). Guinea, Negro, or Sierra Leone Peach. 

 fl. pinkish, in short, terminal, pedunculate or sessile heads. 

 July. fr. in heads the size of a peach. I. shortly petiolate, 

 roundish-oval, shining above, pubescent in the axils of the veins 

 beneath ; stipules solitary, triangular. A tall tree, sometimes a 

 scandent shrub, about 20ft. high. Sierra Leone, 1822. 



SARCOCHILUS (from sarx, sarkos, flesh, and 

 cheilos, a lip; alluding to the fleshy lip). STNS. Den- 

 drocolla, Thrixspermum. Including Camarotis, Gunnia, 

 Micropera, and Ornitharium. OBD. Orchidece. A genus 

 embracing some thirty species of stove, epiphytal, cau- 

 lescent, not pseudo-bulbous orchids, natives of the East 

 Indies, the Malayan Archipelago, the Pacific Islands, 

 and Australia. Flowers mediocre or small (in 8. Calceolus 

 showy) ; sepals and petals spreading, the lateral sepals 

 often more or less adnate to the foot of the column ; 

 lip without a spur, three-lobed, the lateral lobes petaloid 

 or tooth-like, the middle one variable, fleshy ; column 

 erect; pollen masses two, globose, or four more or less 

 connate in a pair; peduncles lateral, simple or rarely 

 branched. Leaves coriaceous or fleshy, oblong or linear, 

 distichous, or sometimes very few or deficient. "In 

 many respects, the genus resembles Dendrobium, but 

 differs much from it in the form of the pollen masses, 

 in their attachment to a caudicle, and in the seed cap- 

 sule and seed" (Fitzgerald). The two species of this 

 genus most common in gardens are S. Fitzgeraldi and 

 8. Hartmanni. These should be grown in a green- 

 house temperature, along with such plants as Odonto- 

 glossum citrosmum. They like a moist atmosphere, sub- 

 dued light, and plenty of water at the root always. 

 Peat and sphagnum are the best mixture for them. 

 The species known in gardens are here described. 



S. Calceolus (slipper-like), fl. white ; sepals and petals fleshy, 

 oblong, acute; middle lobe of lip slipper-like, but closed up, 

 the lateral lobes ascending, triangular ; peduncles short, two^ 

 flowered. 1. oblong, fleshy, obliquely emargiuate, obtuse. Stem 

 elongated. Manilla, 1844. (B. B 1846, 19.) 



S. cochinchinensis (Cochin China), fl. yellowish, glutinous ; 

 sepals striped with brown 1 over the middle nerves outside, and 

 with some dark yellow patches under the column ; racemes small. 

 I. rather narrow, linear-ligulate, bilobed at apex. Cochin China, 

 1877. SYN. Camarotis cochinchinensis. 



S. falcatus (sickle-shaped). /. white, usually three or four, 

 distant ; lateral sepals adnate to the ba*al projections of the 

 column ; peduncles scarcely exceeding, sometimes shorter than, 

 the leaves. I. oblong, often falcate, 2in. to 4in. long. Stems 2in. 

 to 3in. high. Australia, 1821. (B. B. 1832.) 



S. Fitzgeraldi (Fitzgerald's).* fl. snowy-white, spotted with rich 

 lake or maroon ; lip not half the length of the sepals, the lateral 



