AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



421 



Senecio continued. 



leaflets ; ray florets nearly twenty, purple, longer than the yellow 

 disk. Summer and autumn. L oblong-lanceolate, crenate- 

 toothed ; radical ones petiolate ; cauline ones sessile ; upper 



ones half-amplexicaul, and slightly decurrent. Stem simple or 

 branched, h. 1ft to 2ft. Uruguay. 1872. A j>retty, cobwebby. 



tomentose, hardy perenniaL See Fig. 475. (B. 



1877, p. 94.) 



5959; B. H. 



S. pyramldatns (pyramidal).* JL-head* yellow, many, Jin. in 

 diameter, exclusive of the ten or twelve broad, spreading ray 

 florets, disposed in a long, thyrsoid raceme, 6in. to 12m7long ; 

 involucre sub-calyculate, campannlate, woolly, of ten to twelve 

 very broad scales. Summer. L sessile, sub-terete, fleshy, acute, 

 Sin. long, two to three lines wide, glabrous or cobwebby. Stem 

 shrubby, fleshy, erect, simple, closely leafy below, sparsely so 

 above, tomentose. h. about 2ft. South Africa, 1865. A very 

 fine, greenhouse species. (B. M. 5396.) 



S. scaposus canlescens (scaped, caulescent). A.-headt yellow ; 

 involucre cobwebby, scarcely calycled ; ray florets about twelve ; 

 peduncles scap^like, 1ft to IJft long, naked or sparsely scaly, 

 usually bearing three to five long-pedicelled heads. August 

 1. 2in. to Sin. long, crowded at the apex of the stem or branches, 

 fleshy, broadly linear, very obtuse, terete, the young ones cob- 

 webby, the older ones glabrous. Stem fleshy-shrubby, 1ft high, 

 branched. South Africa, 1843. Greenhouse. (B. M. 4011, under 

 name of S. calami folitu.) 



S. Skinner! (Skinner's). /. -heads yellowish, fragrant, in terminal, 

 corymbose racemes ; ray florets few ; bracteoles four to six, 

 much spreading, subulate. June. I. alternate, rather long- 

 petiolate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly fleshy, entire, 

 indistinctly vetoed, h. 3ft Guatemala, 1840. A pretty, highly 

 glabrous, greenhouse, perennial climber, with tuberous roots. 

 (B. M. 4511 ; L. & P. F. G. L p. 77, f. 54 ; and L. J. F. 18, under 

 name of Gynoxy fragrant.) 



S. speciosns (showy).* fi.-heads bright purple, Ijin, in diameter, 

 long-peduncled, hi spreading corymbs ; involucre densely glan- 

 dular-hairy ; ray florets six to twenty, narrow-linear ; scape 1ft. 

 or less high, with alternate, rather distant, erect leaves. July. 

 I. 4in. to 7in. long, obovate, lanceolate, or narrowly linear-spathu- 

 late, crenately toothed or sinuately lobed, rarely sub-pinnatifid, 

 sub-acute or obtuse, glandular-hairy. South Africa, 1789. Green- 

 house perenniaL (B. M. 6488 ; B. B. 41 ; L. B. C. 1113 ; G. C. n. s., 

 xiv. p. 149; B. G. 1881, p. 310; A. B. B. 291, under name of 

 S. pteudo-thina.) 



8. stenocephala eomosa (narrow-headed, tufted), fl.-headt 

 yellow, with three ray florets, disposed in a dense, narrow-oblong 

 spike. Summer. I, radical ones on long petioles, broadly ovate- 

 sagittate, acuminate. Stem 2ft high. Japan, 1881. A striking 

 and ornamental, hardy perennial. (G. C. n. s., xvL p. 301.) The 

 flower-heads in the typical form possess but one ray floret 

 each. 



S. snb-scandens (somewhat climbing), fi.-headi iin. long, 

 cylindric ; involncral bracts five, red-tipped ; florets about ten, 

 dark ochreous-yellow, exceeding the involucre; pappus snow- 

 white ; cymes axillary and terminal, long-peduncled, much 

 branched. January. L Sin. to 9in. long, pink-veined, pinnati- 

 parted ; lateral lobes two to six pairs, ovate or orbicular, distant, 

 adnate, coarsely sinuate-toothed ; terminal one deltoid, deeply 

 cordate at base. Stems and branches cylindric, succulent South 

 Africa, 1873. A tall, herbaceous climber. (B. M. 6363.) 



florets e 

 upper ones 

 A pretty, c 



Included under Polygala (which gee). 

 SENGREEN. A popular name for Saxifraga 



nivalis and Sempervivum tectorum. 



SENNA. The leares of Cassia acutifolia, C. angusti- 

 folia. and other allied species. 



SENNA, BLADDER. See Colutea. 



SENNA, SCORPION. See Coronilla Emerus. 



SENSITIVE BRIAR. See Schrankia uncinata. 



SENSITIVE PLANT. See 



SEPAL. One of the parts that, together, form the 

 calyx, or outermost whorl of a flower. The Sepals are 

 usually green, and unlike the petals (e.g., in the Rose), 

 but may resemble them (e.g., in the Tulip). They may 

 be free from one another, but often are more or less 

 closely united by their edges to form a tube or cup. 

 Their chief use is to protect the more delicate inner organs 

 of the flowers from injury while growing. 



SEPALINE, SEPALOUS. Relating to sepals. 



S. nnifloros (one- flowered). jL-headi yellow, few on long stalks, 

 or solitary ; involucre turbinate, half as long as the disk ; ray 

 xpanding. July. L, lower ones divided, stalked, oblong; 

 nes sessile, linear, entire. A. 3in. Alps of Europe, 1785. 

 y, cano-tomentose, hardy perennial, allied to S. ineanut. 



SEPALODY. A name used to indicate the change 

 of petals, Ac., into sepals or sepaloid organs. 



SEPALOID. Resembling a sepal. 



SEPT AS (of Linnaeus). Included under Crastula. 



SEPT AS (of Lonreiro). A synonym of Herpestis. 



SEPTATE. Separated by a partition or septum. 



SEPTFOIL. A common name for Potentilla Tor- 

 ment ilia. 



When a capsule dehisces through 

 the dissepiments or lines of junction. 



SEPTIPEROUS. Partition-bearing. 



! A mode of dehiscing, in which 

 the backs of the carpels separate from the dissepiments, 

 whether formed by their sides or by expansions of the 

 placenta" (Lindley). 



SEPTORIA. See Spharopsidea. 

 SEPTUM. A partition. 



SEQUOIA (derivation obscure, but it has been sug- 

 gested that it is "a modification of See-qua-yah, the name 

 of a celebrated Cherokee chief," Hemsley). STNS. Gigant- 

 abies, Washingtonia (of Winslow). Wellingtonia. OBD. 

 Coniferce. A small genus (two species) of gigantic, hardy, 

 evergreen, densely branched, Californian trees. Flowers 

 monoecious, the males in the upper axils or art; the tips 

 of the branchlets, solitary ; female catkins terminal, ovoid 

 or oblong. Leaves alternate, spirally affixed, in 8. tern- 

 pervirens often sub -lanceolate and distichonsly spreading, 

 in 8. gigantea frequently much shorter, more obtuse, 

 and appressedly imbricated, but leaves of both forms are 

 sometimes observable in each species. Cones ^in. to 

 IJin. long. "The timber is of a beautiful red colour, 

 fine and close-grained, but light and brittle, and never 

 attacked by insects. It is the Californian Redwood or 

 Bastard-tree of the settlers" (Gordon, "The Pinetum "). 

 The following interesting particulars respecting the dimen- 

 sions of these trees in a grove in To Semite Yalley, are 

 gleaned from the " Gardeners' Chronicle," n. s., x. 240 : 

 " The grove contains between ninety and a hundred big 

 specimens of the Sequoia gigantea, growing out of the 

 thick forest. The ' Father of the Forest,' a great pros- 

 trate trunk, measures 435ft. in length, and 110ft. in cir- 

 cumference. He must have been much longer when 

 living. Along the inside of the fallen trunk is a tunnel 

 35ft. long, and, in places, 8ft. to 10ft. high. The ' Mother 

 of the Forest,' standing at the farther end of the grove, 

 is 327ft. high, and 90ft. in circumference. She stands 

 quite dead and bare, having suffered from the ravages 

 of fire, and is entirely barkless from top to bottom. A 

 great living monster is the ' Pioneer's Cabin,' probably 

 so called from a recess in the lower part of the trunk 

 big enough to hold a large family party at breakfast. 

 The circumference of this tree 5ft. from the ground 

 is 92ft. by our own measuring. Perhaps the most beau- 

 tiful of the trees in the grove are three named ' The 

 Three Graces.' They stand only a few feet apart, and, 

 with their branches intertwining, run up to an almost 

 equal height of 265ft. Another great tree is called the 

 'Key Stone State,' 325ft high; its branches begin at 

 150ft. from the ground. But perhaps the greatest 

 curiosity is a big fellow, which has been purposely 

 thrown, cut off 6ft. above the ground, and a pavilion 

 built on the standing stump. There is room enough in 

 the pavilion for a very pretty dance space for two sets 

 of Lancers, or for sixteen couples to spin round with 

 ease. We measured the dancing space, and found the 

 diameter 30ft., less 20in. ; the circumference, 85fL" 



Sequoias are readily propagated by means of cuttings, 

 inserted in sandy loam, under a hand glass, in autumn, 

 and kept shaded from bright sunlight, in a somewhat moist 

 atmosphere, until roots are formed. The variegated form? 



