424 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Serratula continued. 



yields a yellow dye. None of the species are very 

 ornamental, the only one calling for description being 

 S. quinquefolia. This thrives in any common soil, and 

 may be increased by seeds, or by divisions. Several 

 species erroneously included here by garden authorities 

 are now placed under Jurinea, Liatris, &c. 



S. quinquefolia (flve-leaved). fl.-heads intense purple ; mvolucral 

 scales ovate, shortly mucronate, appressed, the inner ones 

 elongated and scarious. July. 1. slightly glabrous, impari ; pm- 



natipartite; lobes sub-bigugate, confluent, ovate-lanceolate, 



toothed, the terminal one large, h. 3ft. Caucasus, 1804. (B. M. 



1871.) 



SERRULATE, SERRULATED. Serrate, with 

 very small or fine teeth. 



SERRURIA (named in honour of Dr. James Ser- 

 rurier, Professor of Botany at Utrecht). OKD. Pro- 

 teacece. A genus comprising about fifty-two species of 

 desirable, greenhouse, densely leafy shrubs, confined to 

 South Africa. Flowers solitary under the bracts, sessile, 

 densely capitate, sub-regular; perianth narrow, often in- 

 curved, the limb ovoid or oblong, the segments cohering 

 towards the base ; hypogynous scales four, linear or fili- 

 form. Leaves scattered, very narrow, trifid, pinnatifid, 

 or dissected, rarely undivided. A selection of the species 

 known in gardens is given below. They require pre- 

 cisely similar treatment to Protea (which see). 



S. abrotanifolia (Abrotanum-leaved). fl. pink, the segments 

 shortly bearded ; stigma black ; heads sessile, nearly as large as a 

 walnut. July. /. lin. to liin. long, slender, biternate, bipin- 

 natifld above the middle, pilose. Branches glabrous. A. 3ft. 

 1803. SYN. Protea abrotanifolia hirta (A. B. R. 522). 



S. arenarla (sand-loving), fl. purple, five lines long ; heads 

 longer than the tomentose peduncles, globose, about the size of a 

 cherry. July. I. clustered, often secund, about 2in. long, slender, 

 pinnate or trifld, the adults glabrous. Branches slender, simple. 

 h. 1ft. 1803. Shrub erect or decumbent. 



S. Bnrmannl (Burmann's). /. purple, three to four lines long, 

 clothed with dense, whitish or yellowish pubescence ; partial 

 peduncles shorter than the globose, many-flowered heads ; 

 corymb much-branched, rather shorter than the leaves. July. 

 I. liin. long, slender, bipinnate ; young ones clothed with short, 

 cano-sericeous, adpressed pubescence, rarely spreading, h. 2ift 

 1786. Shrub erect, much-branched. 



S. elongata (lengthened), fl. purple, minutely pubescent ; bracts 

 reddish-fuscous, iin. long; heads as large as a cherry, sixteen 

 to twenty-flowered ; peduncle 3in. to lOin. long, leafless, remotely 

 bracteate; partial ones iin. to liin. long, few-bracted. July. 

 I 3in. to 4in. long, digitate, slightly wrinkled, obsoletely sulcate, 

 and, as well as the erect branches, glabrous. A. lift, to 2ft. 

 1810. 



S. emarginata (emarginate). /. pink, small, the segments 

 slightly pilose ; bracts lanceolate, acute, pink at apex ; heads 

 terminal and springing from the upper axils, simple, as large 

 as a cherry. July. 1. clustered, about lin. long, slender, acute, 

 bipinnatifld above the middle (or biternate), pubescent h. 2ft. 

 1800. SYN. Protea abrotanifolia minor (A. B. R. 536). 



S. florida (flowery), fl. purple, five to six lines long, the lamina 

 bearded with golden-fulvous silk ; heads in imbricating bracts, 

 seven to nine lines long, approximate-corymbose, globose or 

 ovoid, longer than the bracteate peduncle. July. I. spreading, 

 2in. to Sin. long, all pinnate or bipinnate, slender ; young ones 

 slightly pilose; adults (as well as the ascending branches) 

 glabrous. Stem corymbosely branched, h. 2ft. 1824. 



S. glaberrima (highly glabrous). /. purple, very glabrous, or 

 the young ones having a silky tube ; heads as large as a cherry, 

 globose, or at length ovoid, axillary or terminal, few-flowered ; 

 peduncles about Iin. long, the axillary ones slightly nodding, 

 the terminal ones erect. July. I. remote, acuf 



trifld or rarely pinnately flve-cleft or sub-pinnatifld ; upper ones 

 undivided. Stem 1ft. or more long, prostrate, very slender. 1825. 

 Adult plant highly glabrous. 



S. mlllefolia (Milfoil-like). /. purple; bracts glabrous at the 

 apex ; stigma truncate ; peduncles equalling, or longer than, the 

 simple heads. July. I. bipinnatifld from the base, pilose, h, 4ft. 

 1803. SYN. Protea triternata (A. B. R. 337). 



S. nitida (shining), fl. purple, with very narrow claws ; bracts 

 nearly equalling the flowers, the outer ones glabrous, the inner 

 ones very silky-villous ; heads twice as long as the peduncles. 

 July. i. nearly liin. long, pinnatifld or nearly bipinnatifld, 

 slender, and, as well as the branches, highly glabrous, h. 2ft 

 1823. 



S. Niveni (Niven's). fl. purple, densely bearded ; bracts lanceo- 

 late ; heads sub-sessile, as large as a cherry. July. I. spreading, 

 nearly lin. long, bipinnatifld, channelled within, very acutely 



Serruria continued. 



mucronate, and, as well as the branches, highly glabrous, h. 9in. 

 1800. Plant decumbent, much-branched. SYN. Protea decumbens 

 (A. B. R. 349). 



S. odorata (odorous). /. pink, odorous, the outer ones at length 

 reflexed-spreading ; heads simple, terminal. July. I bipinnatifld- 

 pilose. Sterile bram-hlets corymbose, exceeding 



1803. SYN. Protea abrotanifolia odorata 



. pinnata (pinnate), fl. pink, 

 with shortly appressed, whitish 



filiform, acute, 

 the heads, h. 

 (A. B. R. 545). 



S. pedunculate (long-pedunculate), fl. purple, densely pubes- 

 cent, slender, incurved ; heads as large as a walnut or prune, 

 solitary or corymbose ; peduncles liin. to Sin. long, fulvous- 

 tomentose. July. 1. clustered, IJft. to 2ft. long, shortly pubes- 

 cent, bi- or tripinnate nearly to the base. Branchlets often 

 umbellate, h. fft 1789. SYN. Protea fjlomerata (A. B. R. 264). 



S. phylicoides (Phylica-like). fl. purple, the claw highly 

 glabrous, the lamina snowy-bearded ; heads as large as a hazel 

 nut ; peduncles sub-corymbose, longer than the heads. July. 

 1. spreading, IJin. to 2in. long, once-sulcate above, bipinnatifid or 

 pinnatifld, glabrous ; segments Jin. to lin. long, undivided or 

 rarely bifid, rather obtuse. Branches twiggy, loose, leafy, h. 3ft. 

 1789. SYN. Protea abrotanifolia (A. B. R. 507). 



sometimes sub-arcuate, clothed 

 , pubescence ; heads globose, as 



large as a walnut, with villous-tomentose scales ; peduncles iin. 

 to lin. long. July. I. erect, lin. to liin. long, slender, once- 

 sulcate above, pinnately three to flve-cleft, semi-terete, spreading- 

 pilose, at length glabrous. Branches elongated, loosely leafy. 

 1803. Shrub prostrate. (A. B. R. 512.) 



S. Roxburgh!! (Roxburgh's), fl. white, four to five lines long, 

 loosely and adpressedly villous ; heads ranging in size between a 

 hazel nut and a plum, fulvous-villous. July. I. spreading, five 

 to seven lines long, flabelliform, bipinnate, semi-triUd ; segments 

 divaricate, two or three-cleft or pinnatifld, minutely mucronulate. 

 h. 3ft. to 4ft 1806. 



S. rubricaulis (red-stemmed), fl. purple, adpressedly silky. 

 villous ; bracts scarious ; partial heads few-flowered ; common 

 peduncle shorter than the head, glabrous. July. I. erect, lin. 

 to liin. long, bipinnate or sub-pinnate, nearly glabrous. 

 Branches straight, reddish, glabrous or slightly spreading-pilose. 

 h. 2ft 1818. 



S. triternata (triternate). /. purple, four to five lines long, 

 densely pubescent ; heads globose, as large as a cherry, densely 

 many-flowered, at length slightly recurved ; partial peduncles lin. 

 to 2in. long. July. I. spreading, Sin. to 5in. long, triternate or 

 bipinnate, and, as well as the branches, glabrous ; segments half 

 spreading, iin. to liin. long. Branches twiggy, h. 7ft 1802. 

 SYN. Protea arpentiflora (A. B. R 447). 



S. villoaa (villous). fl. purple, four to five lines 1 



large as a cherry or a walnut, sessile, or sometimes very shortly 

 ;e. July. I. spreading, nearly lin., rarely liin., long, 



with a slender, incurved" or rarely straight mucro." 



pedunculate. July, 

 sub-biternate, at length glabrous ; 



Dents slightly diverging, 

 Branches 



umbellate, straight, h. 2ft. or more. 1829. 



SERSALISIA (in part). A synonym of Lucuma 

 (which see). 



SERTIFERA (from sertum, a garland, and fero, 

 I bear ; in allusion to the form of inflorescence). OBD. 

 Orchidece. A monotypic genus. The species is a stove, 

 terrestrial orchid, having rather small flowers borne on 

 rather long pedicels in short racemes, sessile, plicate- 

 veined leaves, and a creeping rhizome. It is a native 

 of Ecuador, but is not yet grown in gardens. 



SERVICE BERRY 1 . A common name for the fruit 

 of Amelanchier canadensis. 



SERVICE-TREE. See Pyrus domestica. The 

 name is also applied to several other species. 



SESAME. See Sesamum iudicnm. 



SESAMUM (from Sesamon, the old Greek name used 

 by Hippocrates). ORD. Pedalinece. A genus comprising 

 nine or ten species of stove, erect or prostrate herbs, 

 all natives of tropical or South Africa. Flowers pale or 

 violet, solitary in the axils, shortly pedicellate; calyx 

 rather small, five - parted ; corolla tube decurved ; limb 

 sub-bilabiate, the lobes five, somewhat spreading ; sta- 

 mens four. Capsules oblong or ovoid, two-celled, each 

 cell containing numerous oily seeds. Lowest leaves op- 

 posite ; uppermost ones, or nearly all, alternate, petiolate, 

 entire, cut-toothed, trifid, or pedatisect. S. indicum, the 

 only species in cultivation, is extensively grown in tropical 

 countries for the oil contained in its seeds, which is some- 

 times called Gingelly Oil. For culture, see Martynia. 



