AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



427 



Setaria continued. 



Btove*greenhouse, or hardy annual, sometimes tall grasses, 

 broadly dispersed over tropical and temperate regions. 

 Spikeleta orate, articulated with the pedicels in a dense, 

 cylindric, terminal panicle, as in Pantcum, bat awnless, 

 and with stoat, rough bristles at the base on one aide. 

 Leaves flat. The genus, which has no horticultural 

 value, is represented in Britain by 8. viridis (Bottle 

 Grass; Green Fox-tail Grass). 8. verticillata has be- 

 come naturalised in cultivated fields. 



SETHIA. Included under Erythroxylon. 



SETTFORM. Bristle-like. 



SETIGEBOUS. Bristle-bearing. 



SETOSE. Bristly; covered with stiff hairs. 



SETTER/WORT. A common name for Hellebonu 



SETULOSE. Slightly bristly. 



SET WALL. An old name for Valerian (Taleriana). 



SEVEB.INIA (named after M. A. Severino, 1580- 

 1656, Lecturer on Anatomy at Naples). OKD. Rutacea. 

 A monotypic genus, now included, by Bentham and 

 Hooker, under Atnlantia. The species is a very de- 

 sirable, greenhouse, evergreen shrub, requiring culture 

 similar to Citrus (which tee). 

 S. bnxifolia (Box leaved). /. white, small, sub-sessile, solitary 



or disposed in small axillary glomernles ; stamens ten, free. May. 



1. simple (one-foliolate), coriaceous, persistent, entire. A. 3ft. 



China. 



SEVILLE ORANGE. See Citrus vulgaris. 



SEWER2OWIA (named in honour of the Russian 

 traveller who first collected the plant). OKD. Legvmi- 

 nosas. A monotypic genus, which probably should be 

 included under Astragalus. The species is a hardy 

 annual, requiring ordinary culture. 

 8. turkestanica (Turkestan^ jt smaU, in few-flowered ra- 



cemes, partly concealed between a pair of stoutly-fringed 



bracts. Summer. L impari-piimate ; leaflets six to ten pairs, 



small, oblanceolate, retuse, A. 6in. Turkestan, 1883. (B. G. 



188a,p.25Q.) 



SEX. This term, used in Latin compounds, signifies 

 six ; e.g., Sexangular, six-angled ; Sexpartite, six-parted. 



pTlVTlff'R'R.TA (named in honour of Henry Seymer. 

 an English naturalist). Srs. Afzelia. (of Gmelin). OBD. 

 Scrophularineae. A genus of mostly hardy, erect, branched, 

 annual or perennial herbs; nine species are known, of 

 which one is a native of Madagascar, and the rest are 

 North American- Flowers yellow, in interrupted racemes 

 or spikes; calyx campanulate, with five entire or den- 

 ticulated lobes; corolla tube short and broad, the limb 

 of five broad or oblong, spreading lobes; stamens four, 

 sub-equal ; pedicels solitary, ebracteolate. Leaves mostly 

 opposite, cut- toothed or dissected; upper floral ones re- 

 duced to entire bracts. Two species have been intro- 

 duced. Both are hardy, North American annnnla, and 

 are very pretty subjects when in flower. Seeds should 

 be sown in a well-drained bed of rather light, rich 

 soil. 



S. pectinata (comb-likeX J-, ^y* lobes Unear " w* 011 * ***** 

 outddeTespecuillv in the bud. July. I. pinnately parted into 

 rather few short or oblong-linear divisions, or the upper ones 

 incisely few-toothed or entire. *. 1ft 1820. 



(slender leaved), f. on filiform pedicels ; calyx 



July. L iin. long, copiously 

 *. 2ft. to 4ft, 1730. 



under Pelargonium 



for Amelanchier 



. 



lobes bristly; corolla iin. long 

 once or twice pinnately parted: 



SEYMOUBJA. Included 



(which see). 



SHAD-BUSH. A popular name 

 canadentis. 



SHADDOCK. See Citrus decumana. 



SHADING. Throughout the summer months, nearly 

 all indoor plants are benefited by being protected from 

 exposure to the direct rays of the sun, even if they do 



Shading continued. 



not absolutely require Shading. Particularly is this 

 remark applicable to stove and greenhouse plants, very 

 few of which, unless they can be placed in the open air, 

 are successfully grown without more or less shade under 

 glass. As a role, the Shading used should be sufficiently 

 thin to allow light to pass through it, while preventing 

 the sun's rays doing injury. A great variety of material, 

 in various thicknesses, is procurable for Shading plants; 

 the system of fixing thin blinds to rollers, which may be 

 drawn up in dull weather, is one of the best. A per- 

 manent shading invariably weakens plants, because in 

 doll weather they cannot get sufficient light. When 

 rollers and blinds cannot be fixed because of the expense, 

 or for other reasons, perhaps the best alternative is to 

 thinly stipple the glass outside with whiting mixed with 

 milk, or some oily substance, which will not readily wash 

 off. If white should be objected to, the solution, before 

 being applied, may be tinted with a substance known as 

 Brunswick green; but, as Shading of this sort would be 

 more or less permanent for a season, it should be put 

 on very lightly. Cutting-boxes, hand-glasses, and small 

 propagating-frames may readily be shaded with sheets of 

 paper, which can be taken off at night and during dull 

 weather. 



SHAGGY. Pubescent with long, soft hairs. 



SHAKING OB, QUAKING GBASS. See Brisa 

 media. 



SHALLON BUSH. A common name for Gaultheria 

 Shallon. 



SHALLOT (.IJIium ascalonicum). A hardy perennial, 

 native of Palestine. It has been cultivated, from a very 

 remote period, for the use of its bulbs for seasoning culi- 

 nary preparations, and for pickling; the leaves are also 

 sometimes eaten when they are young and green. Shallots 

 may be readily propagated each year by dividing the 

 bulbs or cloves, and planting them separately. Eich soil 

 is desirable, but it should not be purposely manured for 

 this crop if a piece of land is available which has been 

 enriched during the previous year for something else. 

 Single cloves should be planted, not deeply, in autumn or 

 at the end of February, about 4in. or 6in. apart. The 

 plants need but little attention through the summer 

 beyond keeping the ground free from weeds. When the 

 leaves turn yellow, about July, the bulbs may be pulled 

 up, dried in the sun for a few days, and then stored for 

 use, in a similar way to Onions, in any rather dry shed 

 from which frost is merely excluded. There are two or 

 three varieties of Shallot in cultivation. The true one 

 Las elongated bulbs, narrowed to a long point; it keeps 

 well, and seldom runs to seed. A form or variety known 

 as the Russian, or Large Bed, has very Urge bulbs of a 

 reddish-brown colour. The Jersey Shallot has larger and 

 much rounder bulbs than the true variety ; it does not 

 keep so long, and the plants flower and produce seeds 

 more frequently. 



SHAMBjOCK. In some districts of Ireland, this 

 name is applied to one or more species of Clover ; in 

 England, the Wood Sorrel is generally supposed to be 

 the Shamrock. 



SHAMROCK. INDIAN. See Trillium . 



SHAMROCK PEA. See Parochetus com- 

 munis. 



SHARD-BORNE BEETLE. A name popularly 

 applied to more than one of the large Beetles, whose 

 habit it is to fly heavily along, and which are, therefore, 

 rendered noticeable by their habits. The name is taken 

 from the term ihard. formerly employed to denote any 

 hard, thin body, and therefore used for the hard wing- 

 cases of Beetles, which, spread out in flight, help to 

 bear the insects up in the air; hence, "Shard-borne." 



