AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



457 



Soldanella continued. 



S. montana (mountain).* <. purple ; corolla cut to the middle, 

 equalled or exceeded by the style; pedicels shortly glandular- 

 pubescent ; scapes two to four-flowered. ApriL L nearly round, 

 loosely and remotely crenated. A. 3in. 1816. See Fig. 499. 

 (S. B. F. G. 1L) 

 S. posilla (null). A synonym of S. Clutii. 



SOLEA. A synonym of lonidinm (which see). 

 SOLENA. A synonym of Fosoqueria (which fee). 



SOLENANDRA (of Beauvois). A synonym of Galax 

 (whi..-h see). 



SOLENANTHA. A synonym of Hymenanthera 

 (which see). 



SOLENANTHUS (from solen, a tube, and anthoe, 

 a flower ; alluding to the shape of the corolla). OBD. 

 Boraginea. A genus comprising about ten species of 

 hardy, perennial herbs, inhabiting South Europe, and 

 West and Russian Asia. Flowers blue or pink, racemose ; 

 calyx five-parted ; corolla tubular or nearly funnel-shaped, 

 with a limb of five small lobes. Leaves alternate. 

 P. eircinatus has been introduced, but is probably cot 

 now grown. 



SOLENIDIUM (from solen, a tube, and euiton, 



appearance : in allusion to the shape of the flower). CUD. 



Orchideee. A monotypic genus. The species is a curious, 



stove, epiphytal orchid, with the habit of Oncidium. It 



differs in the crest of its lip consisting of a pair of 



long, feathery, raised plates, and in one or two other 



technical details. For culture, see Oncidium. 



S. racemosum (racemose), it yellow, spotted with red, mediocre, 



long-pedicellate, in a loose raceme ; sepals and petals free, spread- 



ing ; lip spreading at the base of the column, contracted in a long 



claw ; scapes axillary under the pseudo-bulbs, simple. November. 



1. rather long, ensifonn, thinly coriaceous, narrowed at base. 



Stem shortened, terminating in a one or two-leaved pseudo-bulb. 



A.6in. Andes of Columbia. (L. & P. F. G. iii. 102.) 



SOIiENOMEIiUS (from solen, a tube, and melos, 

 a limb ; in allusion to the tubular perianth). SYNS. 

 Cruikshankia, Lechlera. OKD. Irideae. A small genus 

 (two species) of half-hardy, rhizomatous plants, natives 

 of Chili. Flowers many in a spathe, shortly pedicellate ; 

 perianth yellow, with a slender tube and spreading lobes ; 

 stamens affixed to the throat ; spathe terminal, or a 

 few on long peduncles. Leaves radical or clustered at 

 the base of the stem, linear, and a few at the sides of 

 the stem. Stems sometimes slightly thickened at base. 

 For culture of 8. chilensis. the only species introduced, 

 see Sisyrinchium. 



S. *hari (Chilian). JL, perianth deep yellow, the segments 

 , a little 



concave in their lower half, and there 

 at the very base ; spathe 

 ry or two to four. June. 



SSENES5&. 



four or five-flowered; 



i., radical ones 6in. to ffin. long ; cauline ones remote, gradually 

 shorter upwards, line&r-ensiform, sheathing at base. Stems 1ft. 



, 



to Uft rig, leafy- 186a SVNS. Sirinchium 



(F. & ^55), STp***n2atM(B. M. 2965). 

 SOLENOPHORA (from solen. a tube, and pherein, 

 to bear; in allusion to the tubular form of the corolla). 

 Including Arctocalyx. OBD. Gesneracea. A small genns 

 (four species) of stove, evergreen, branched, scabrous- 

 pubescent shrubs, confined to Mexico. Flowers scarlet or 

 yellow, large, solitary or few, on short, axillary peduncles; 

 calyx tube adnate, the limb five-lobed; corolla tnbe 

 elongated, with a broad throat, the limb shortly and 

 broadly five-lobed, sub-erect. Leaves opposite, on long 

 petioles, ample, membranous, often dissimilar. 8. End- 

 licheriana, the only species introduced, is a handsome 

 plant, requiring culture similar to Gloxinia (which 

 see). 



&, Endlicheriana (Kndlicher-s). /. of a beautiful orange- 

 colour, marked with purple, solitary or in fascicles of two to 

 five : corolla infundibular-campannlate, hairy without, loosely 

 curved, 21in. to Sin. long. ApriL L much spreading, broadly 

 elliptic, acuminate, hairyftfae Ergest 1ft. to lift, long; petioles 

 Sin. to 4in. long. Stem suffrutieose, erect, purplish, Ift to 2ft. 

 high, MMttingaSrial roots. 1849. (F.d.S.5$6andL.&P. F.G. L 

 69, under name of Arctocalyx Rndlicheriamu.) 



SOLENOFSIS. A synonym of Laurentia (which tee). 



SOLIDAGO (from solido, to join or make whole; 

 alluding to reputed vulnerary qualities). Golden Bod. 

 STN. Dona. OBD. Composite. A large genus (about 

 eighty species) of mostly hardy, perennial herbs, rarely 

 shrubby at base; they are nearly all North American, 

 one or two being found in South America, one in 

 temperate Asia and Europe, and one in the Azores. 

 Flower-heads usually yellow, small, in racemes or clusters ; 

 involucre oblong or narrowly-campannlate, the bracts 

 ap pressed, many-seriate ; ray florets ligulate, spreading, 

 or rarely small and erect; achenes sub-terete or angled. 

 Leaves alternate, entire or often toothed. Owing to 

 the coarse habit of these plants, and the manner in 

 which they impoverish the soil, they are mostly confined 

 to shrubberies and old-fashioned borders, where their 

 bright yellow flowers contrast well with Michaelmas 

 Daisies. Of the large number of species introduced, 

 those described below are probably the best; all are 

 North American, 8. Yirgaurea being also found in 

 Britain. Any common soil is suitable; and propagation 

 may be readily effected by divisions. 

 g. alttaaima (very tall). A synonym of S. rjo. 

 S. canadensis (Canadian). fL-headt small; ray florets very 



>hort ; panicle ample, crowded. August. 1. lanceolate, acuminate, 

 sharply serrated (sometimes almost entire), more or less ubescent 

 beneath and rough above. 



sharply serrated (sometimes almost entire), more or less pu 

 beneath and rough above. Stem roughly hairy. A. 3ft. to oft. 

 .1648. 



S. Drummondii (Drummond's).* JL-foadt sisall ; rays four or 

 five, short; involucre! scales oblon?, obtuse; racemes short, 

 panicled. Summer, i. broadly ovate or oval, somewhat triple- 

 ribbed, coarsely and sharply serrated, some of them almost 

 entire, beneath (as well as the stem) minutely velvety-pubescent. 

 Stem 1ft to 3ft, high. 1885. (B. M. 6805.) 



S. elliptica axillinora (elliptic - leaved, axillary - flowered). 

 fl-htad* rather large, in short, or somewhat elongated and racemi- 

 forrjG. erect or spreadinc clusters, which are mostly axillary and 

 shorter than the leaves. L oval to broadly lanceolate. S. /ro- 

 ffrant (of Willdenow) is a narrow-leaved form. 



S. fragrans (fragrant), of gardens. A synonym of S. ttrotina. 



S. fragrans (fragrant), of Willdenow. A form of 5. elliptic* 

 axillirtora. 



5. lanceolata (lanceolate-leaved).* A.-htad- obconical, mostly 

 sessile, in dense clusters ; ray florets fifu-en to twenty. Septem- 

 ber. L linear-lanceolate, entire, roughish above, pubescent on 

 the veins beneath. Stem pubescent a)x>ve, corymbose. A. 2ft. 

 to 3ft. 1758. (B. M. 2:46.) SY.V Euthamia yrainini/olia. 



6. multiradiata (many-rayedX A.-headt large, in a dense, thyr- 

 soid or corymbose raceme; involucral scales narrow, nearly 

 glabrous ; ray florets eight to twelve. July. I. ciliated, oblong- 

 lanceolate, acute or obtuse, tapering to the base. Stem villous- 

 pubescent, simple, or rarely branched at the summit. 1776. 



S. odora (odorous). JL-Itads, ray florets three or four, rather 

 tee; racemes spreading, in a small, one-sided pamcle. July. 

 L linear-lanceoiate, entire, thickish, shining, pellnad-dotted. 

 Stem slender. 2ft. to 3ft. high, often reclined. 1699. The crushed 

 leaves yield a pleasant, anisate odour. 



S patnla (spreading). JL-kead*, involucral scales oblong ; ray 

 florets six or seven; peduncles scabrous-pubescent; racemes 

 mostly short and crowded on the elongated, somewhat leafy 

 i^yJ^ at length spreading or recurved. August and Septem- 

 ber. 1. large, elliptic, acute, serrated, smooth and glabrous 

 beneath, h. 2ft. 1805. 



S. rigida (rigid). JL-headt large, in a compound corymb ter- 

 minating the simple stem, not at all racemose : ray florets seven 



to ten. 

 thick 



September. I. oval or o 

 and rigid upper ones clo 

 ZaSZi, thT uppermost 



r oblong, copiously feather-veined. 

 closely sessile by a broad base, 

 ost MM entire. Stem stout, Sft. 

 very leafy. 1710. 



(wrinkled). JL-keadt small; involucral scales linear; 

 raets Tax to nine; racemes pmnicled, spreading. August 

 L ovate-lanceolate, ellipticat or oblong, often 

 and very rugose, coarsely and sliarply serrated. Stem 

 "~ SYS. S. mitittima. 



'hairy. 



(evergreen). JL head* showy; ray 

 to ten; racemes short, in an open or contracted 

 panicle. September. J. fleshy, very smooth, enUre, lanceolate, 

 slightly clasping, or the lower ones Linceolate-oblone. obscurely 

 triple-nerved Stem smooth and stout, If c to 6ft. high. 1699. 

 S serotina (late). JL-headt, ray florets short ; achenes at length 

 mS glabrous; peduncles ronghish-pubescent ; panicle pyra- 

 midal, T numerouTreeww* imwmn August to October. 

 I lanceolate, acuminate, serrated, glabrous except on the veins 

 and usually the upper surface scabrous. 

 *. 3ft. 1758. Sv>. /rayraiu (of gardau). 



