460 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



(ffeen, 

 Nake 



Sophora continued. 



, pinnate ; leaflets eleven to thirteen, oblong-ovate, acute. 

 aked young wood dark green, h. 30ft. to 40ft. China, 1763. A 

 very handsome, hardy, deciduous tree. China and Japan. 

 (A/B. H. 585.) SYN. Styphnolobium japonicum. 

 S. J. pendula (pendulous). An exceedingly beautiful tree of the 



"weeping" class. See Fig. 500. 



S. J. variegate (variegated). A form with variegated leaves, 

 but not particularly ornamental. 



(large-fruited). /. yellow ; racemes short, 

 silky, wingless. I., leaflets thirteen to 



axillary. April. Pods si, . ., 



nineteen, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, silky beneath. 

 A. 8ft. to 10ft. Chili, 1822. An elegant, greenhouse, ever- 

 green shrub. (L. B. C. 1125.) SYN. Edwardsia, chilensis 

 (B. R. 1798). 



8. secundiflora (side-flowering).* fl. violet, rather large, secnnd; 

 racemes terminal, crowded. June. I. , leaflets nine to thirteen, 

 elliptic-oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, smoothish. h. 6ft. Mexico, 

 1820. A beautiful, greenhouse, evergreen shrub. (R. H. 1854, 

 201.) 



8. tetraptera (four-winged\ fl. yellow, lin. to 2in. long ; winsrs 

 linear-oblong ; racemes axillary, pendulous, four to eight-flowered. 

 May. I. ifi. to 6in. long ; leaflets six to forty pairs, broadly 

 obcordate to linear-oblong, iin. to Jin. lonar, rounded, retuse, 

 or two-lobed at the tip, silky or densely villous on old plants. 



A. 6ft. to 12ft. New Zealand, 1772. Half-hardy, deciduous tree. 

 (O. C. n. s., ix. 729.) 



8. t. grandiflora (large-flowered). Kowhai. fl. 2in. long, nar- 

 rower than in the type. L, leaflets ten to thirty pairs, usually 

 narrow. Trunk sometimes 1ft. to 3ft. in diameter. A large 

 and robust variety. (B. M. 167, under name of S. tetraptera.) 



8. t. microphylla (small-leaved). New Zealand Laburnum. 

 f,. Hn. to 14m. long, broader than in the species. /., leaflets on 

 old plants thirty to forty pairs, oblong-obcordate. Young 

 branches very slender and flexuous, with few obcordate, mem- 

 branous leaflets. SYNS. Edwardsia MacnaUana (B. M. 3735), 



B. microphylla (B. M. 144Z) 



ft. tomentosa (tomentose). fl. yellow, showy ; racemes elongated. 

 August. Pods stipitate, 5in. long. I., leaflets eleven to seventeen, 

 oblong, coriaceous, becoming smooth above, h. 4ft to 6ft. North 

 America, &c., 1739. A half-hardy, deciduous, hoary-tomentose 

 shrub. (B. M. 3390.) 



8. velutina (velvety). A synonym of S. ylauca. 



SOFHRONANTHE. A synonym of Gratiola 

 (which see). 



8OFHRONITIS (from sophron, modest ; in reference 

 to the pretty little flowers of the original species). OBD. 

 Orchidetv. A. small genus (four or five species) of dwarf- 

 jfrowing, tufted, cool-house, epiphytal orchids, inhabiting 

 the Organ Mountains of Brazil. Flowers very showy, 

 ocarlot or violet, borne in short, few-flowered racemes, 

 or solitary from the top of the pseudo-bulb ; sepals free, 

 equal, flat, spreading; petals similar or broader; lip 

 erect, the lateral lobes broad and connivent, wholly con- 

 cealing the short and rather thick column, the middle 

 lobe sub-recurved, entire ; pollen masses eight. Leaves 

 coriaceous or fleshy, complicated, at length unfolding, 

 spreading. Pseudo-bulbs clustered on a rhizome, one 

 or two-leaved. The species are well worthy the attention 

 of cultivators, and have the advantage of occupying but 

 little space. They require to be grown in small pans, 

 or on blocks or rafts. The material they prefer is very 

 ftbry peat, to which may be added a little crushed char- 

 coal. Perfect drainage is necessary. All the Sophronitea 

 require abundance of moisture throughout the year. Pro- 

 pagation may be effected by divisions, made just aa 

 growth commences. 



S. cernua (drooping), fl. rose-red, yellowish in the centre, small, 

 produced in short, effuse, axillary racemes; column white, 

 With dark purple wings. Winter. I. solitary, ovate, apiculate 

 gather above lin. long h. Sin. 1827. (B. M y> 3677; B.fc. 1129; 



It. & r. r. \jc. 111. p. 11.) 



S. coccinea (scarlet). A synonym of S. grandiflora. 



S. grandiflora (large-flowered).* fl. brilliant scarlet or cinnabar- 

 red, of stout substance, over Sin. in diameter, solitary ; sepals 

 linear-oblong, obtuse; petals three times as wide as the sepals 

 lip undivided, ovate, cucullate at base. Winter I solitary' 

 oblong acute, dark green. Stems short, ovate, terete. A very 

 beautiful species. SYNS. S. coccinea (F. d. S. 1716) Cattleva 

 coccinea. A remarkable hybrid between this species and Cattleva 

 intermedia raised by Messrs. Veitch, five years ago, produced 

 nowers in 1886, and has been described by Reichenbach in the 

 "Gardeners' Chronicle," n. s., vol. xxvi., p. 263, under name of 

 Lcr-ba Batemaniana. Tbia plant has the short peduncle of a 



Sophronitis continued. 



Sophronitis and a short-stalked, Laclia-like flower of a light 

 purple rose-madder, with the very lightest mauve hue, which 

 appears to get deeper as the flower gets older ; the middle 

 lacinia of the triflcl lip is of the warmest Dahlia carmine, with a 

 light mauve hue ; the side lacinise and disk are white, with a 

 light mauve-purple border. The change in nomenclature brought 

 about by this extraordinary cross is given in Prof. Reichenbach's 

 words : " Hence I must reduce Sophronitids as Lcelia cernua, 

 pterocarpug, militarls, purpurea, grandiflora, for those who 

 accept changes, and leave alone Sophronitis violacea with a re- 

 modelled character." 



S. g. purpurea (purple). /. purplish : petals blunt. I. cuneate- 

 elliptic, acute. Pseudo-bulbs very short, thick, fusiform. 1878. 



S. g. rosea (rosy). /. of a clear rosy-lake or carmine-rose. A 

 rare form. (Gn. xxv., p. 474.) 



S. grandiflora (l ar ge-flowered), of Hooker. A synonym of 

 S. militane. 



FIG. 501. STEM AND FLOWERS OF SOPHRONITIS MIT-ITARIS. 



S. militaris (military).* /. solitary, fully Sin. across ; sepals and 

 petals bright cinnabar or deep crimson, the former oblong- 

 lanceolate, the latter roundish-elliptic ; lip yellow, streaked with 

 bright red, three-lobed, the side lobes incurved, the front one 

 flat and acuminate. November and December. I. solitary, 

 elliptic. Pseudo-bulbs oblong-cylindrical, h. bin. 1837. The 

 finest species in the genus ; it should be found in every collection. 

 See Fig. 501. SYN. S. nrandiflora (B. M. 3709; F. M. 329; 

 L. <fc P. F. G. iii., p. 11, f. 237 ; L. S. O. & ; P. M. B. ix. 193). 



S. pterocarpa (wing-fruited). /. rosy-purple ; lip ovate, crested ; 

 ovary six- winged, long-beaked ; raceme short, corymbose. March. 

 I. coriaceous, roundish-oblong, h. Sin. 1842. A rare plant in 

 gardens. (L. & P. F. G. iii., p. 11, f. 239.) 



8. violacea (violet).* /. violet, solitary; lip obovate, acute, 

 naked, gibbous at base; column with large, fleshy, obtuse, 

 falcate wings ; scape terminal, many-bracted at base. Winter. 

 I. solitary, linear, dark green, longer than the scape. Pseudo- 

 bulbs oval, small, h. Jin. 1838. (B. M. 6880; L. & P. F. G. 

 iii., p. 11, f. 238.) 



SOFUBIA (said to bo a native namo in the East 

 Indies). STNB. Gerdaria, Raphidophyllum. OBD. Scro- 

 phularinea!. A genus comprising eight or nine species 

 of stove, erect, usually annual herbs, natives of tropical 

 and Southern Africa, Madagascar, the East Indies, the 

 Malayan Archipelago, and Australia. Flowers bracteate, 

 spicate or racemose ; calyx campanulate, five-toothed or 

 five-lobed; corolla with a short tube and five broad, 

 spreading lobes ; stamens four, didynamons ; pedicels 

 bibracteolate. Leaves opposite, or the upper ones alter- 

 nate, narrow, often laoiniate. 8. del/phi folia appears 



