AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



487 



Stanhopea continued. 



S. ocnlata (eyed). /. usually lemon-coloured, with a laree 

 number of lilac spots on the sepals, a smaller number on the 

 petals, a deep yellow eye, and two, or occasionally four, large 

 dark brown spots on the side of the hypochil, which is very 

 much lengthened out, as if nnguiculate; horns semi -terete 

 ascending, acute; peduncle bearing a drooping raceme of 

 about six flowers. July to November. L large, broadly lanceo- 

 late, nerved. Pseudo-bulbs small Mexico, 1829. A free- 

 flowering and very showy species. See Fig. 52L (B. M. 5300 

 B. R, ISOO.) STNS. S, yuttulata CeratochUu* oculatu* (L. B. C.* 

 1764). Numerous varieties of this species occur in gardens 

 varying in colour and in the spotting of the lip. Most of them 

 are sweet-scented. 



S. o. Barkeriana (Barker's). Set S. o. LindleyL 



S. O. crocea (saffron-yellow). A synonym of S. ornatitsima. 



S. o. Lindleyi (Lindley-s). /I. of a dull wine-red, but little 

 spotted. S. o. Barkeriana is probably the same as this. 



S. ornatissima (very ornate). JL of a deep orange-colour 

 spotted with red, and marked towards the base with large 

 blotches of reddish - brown ; spikes drooping, six to seven- 

 flowered. L plaited. Peru (?), 1862. (L H. 325 ; R. G. 189, under 

 name of S. oeulata crocea.) 



S. platyceras (broad-horned), ft. nankeen-yellow, marked with 

 purplish dots and circles of small points, large ; hypochil marked 

 on each side with one large, brownish - purple spot. New 

 Grenada, 1868. This plant closely related to S. jrandiOora. 

 (Ret B. 108.) 



S. pnlla (blackish), fl. apricot -yellow, small; lateral sepals 

 oblong, acute, reflexed, the upper one narrower ; petals very 

 bright yellow, shorter, narrower, ligulate, acute, very bright 

 yellow; lip very bright, shining, like a plump shoe with a 

 roundish knob at its top and with sharp, semi-oblong side 

 borders ; inside stands a nearly square body with four keels 

 converging like the letter v ; between this and the apical knob 

 is an inconspicuous, transverse slit ; knob white ; the side 

 borders and v-like keels brownish - purple ; peduncle short, 

 strong, two-flowered. Pseudo-bulbs short, conical, ribbed, dark. 

 Costa Rica, 1877. (R. X. O. 205.) 



S. quadricornls (four-horned). JL pale yellow, sparingly spotted 

 with crimson ; hypochil oblong, having two prominent horns 

 standing erect on the lower edge of the cavity ; mesochil two- 

 horned, fleshy, excavated ; epichil ovate, entire, shorter than 

 the terete, incurved horns ; bracts very short, narrow. Central 

 America. (B. R. 1858, 5.) 



S. radiosa (rayed). A synonym of S. toccata. 



S. Reichenbachiana (Reichenbach's). ft. of a delicate shining 

 white 

 becomi 



into an angle ; mesochil solid, with a deep 

 front ; epichil triangular, rather convex. Columbia, 1879. A 

 curious plant, resembling S. eburnea, but larger and more con- 

 spicuous. 



S. Bnckerl (Rucker's). "A noble species, with the habit of 

 S. Wardii, and its general colour, except that it is paler ; but 

 the epichil is beautifully stained with pink, and the eyes of 

 the hypochil are very faint It is distinctly separated by the 

 peculiar form of the hypochil, which, instead of being oblong, 

 is so much narrowed to the base as to be obovate ; by the entire 

 want of lateral teeth on its margin ; and by the presence of a 

 very strong, inflexed tooth, in which the wide, not closed-up 

 fissure of the mesochil terminates" (Lindley). Nicaragua, 1843. 

 (L. J. F. 375, under name of S, A. tpeciota.) 



S. saceata (saccate), fl. greenish-yellow, regularly speckled, but 

 not blotched, with brown, deep yellow at base, small ; sepals 

 and petals turned completely back on the ovary ; hypochil very 

 deep and incurved ; mesochil reduced to space sufficient for the 

 development of two broad, flat horns ; epichil oval, three-lobed ; 

 bracts shortened. Guatemala, 1836. STN. S. radio** (L H. 

 viii.270). 



5. Shnttleworthii (Shuttleworth's). ji. having the sepals, 

 petals, and basal part of the lip apricot-colour, with dark purple 

 blotches ; front part of the lip whitish-yellow, with dark purplish 

 spots on the anterior blade ; column whitish, with a green middle 



rt, spotted with purple on the inside. Columbia, 1876. This 

 allied to S. intignit. 



6. tigrina (tiger-marked).* Lynx Flower. /. deep orange-yellow, 

 richly blotched with purplish-brown, powerfully scented, as much 

 as Sin. in diameter ; hypochil roundish, yellow, having radiating, 

 toothed lamellae within the cavity ; mesochil two-horned; epichil 

 oval, equally trifid, equalling the flat, falcate horns ; column 

 excessively broad; raceme three or four-flowered. July to 

 September. 1. large, broadly lanceolate, deep green, plicate. 

 Mexico, 1836. This is, without doubt, the finest species of the 

 genus. (B. M. 4197 ; B. R. 1839, 1 ; F. d. S. TIM, under name 

 of 5. t. tuperba.) 



S. t. lutescens (yellowish). /. brilliant yellow inclining to 



orange, barred with deep chocolate, very large and handsome. 



Guatemala. A grand variety for exhibition. 

 S. t. nlgro-vlolacea (blackish-violet), fl. wholly of a deep 



brown-purple, except the edges of the sepals and petals and 



the upper half of the lip. 



cenacana ecenacs. . o a ecae snng 

 ; sepals and petals becoming ochre-coloured ; hypochil 

 ing rosy, semi-globose, prolonged on the upper border 

 n angle ; mesochil solid, with a deep channel, abrupt in 



rough within and purple dotted, half-globular fepichil 

 ochre, having a third horn at the base in addition to the two 

 present at the side; horns ligulate, acute: peduncle pendent! 

 two^flowered. Pseudo-bulbs smilL Peru, lffK.(L. & p!Ta L 



S. velata (veiled). A synonym of S. Jfartiana. 

 S. venasta (charming). A form of S. Wardii. 



L* JL showy, and deliciously scented ; 



roil (Ward's).* JL showy, and deliciously scented ; sepals 

 petals golden-yellow, much dotted with purple ; lip pole 

 **.^r **? k***' dark 'dvety.purple spots on the deep 

 w ' oblong, depressed hvDochil : mesochil harm* twn fl^h. 



yellow]' oblong, depressed hypochif;"' 



horns dotted with purple; epichil roundish-ovater..^ 



two semi-terete, falcate, sulMwrhose horns^also tWcUysbotted 



with purple ; 



ea (golden). JL of a deep orange-yellow, large and 

 hypochil bearing "two dark spots "which are IB MM 

 wt in the flood of yellow that surrounds them" 



yellow' that surrounds them ' 



n. 1835. SYX. S. 



minate, plicate. Guatemala and Venezuela, 1836. (B. M. "5289 ; 

 L. S. O. 20) S. twiwta is a whole-coloured variety of this 

 species. S. graveoUn* (F. d. &. Aug., 1846) is a form of 

 S. Wardi\, having flowers of a dirty-white colour, merging into 

 golden-yellow at the centre. 



S. W. an 

 fragrant , .. 

 manner lost 

 (LindleyX Summer and 



S. Waracewicziana (Warscewicz's). fl., sepals and petals 

 dirty- white, the latter very acuminate ; hypochil yellowLsh- 

 white, globose, highly glabrous within ; mesochil two-horned, 

 deeply sulcate, with reflexed teeth ; epichil finely dotted with 

 red ; horns very acute, incurved ; column broadly winged, un- 

 guiculate ; bracts much shorter than the ovary. Chiriqui Moun- 

 tains. (R. X. O. ii 125.) 



S. xytriophora (piteher-bearingX ". of a pale straw-yellow, 

 with purple markings on the base of the lip and purplish doU 

 on the rhomboid epichil ; hypochil remarkably short. Peru, 



ECORNTJTTJM. 



See 



part, 

 is all 



STAXHOFEASTB.TJM 



Staniopea ecornuta. 



STANTiEYA (named in compliment to Edward 

 Stanley, Earl of Derby, who took an interest in many 

 sciences, especially ornithology). ORD. Cntciferee. A 

 genus comprising three species of stout, hardy, glaucous, 

 perennial herbs, confined to California. Flowers yellow, 

 many in elongated, straight racemes ; sepals short, 

 spreading ; petals narrow, elongated, long-clawed. Leaves 

 undivided or pinnatifid. S. pinnatifidatiie only species 

 introduced to cultivation is a pretty plant, thriving in 

 vegetable mould, in the open border. It may be in- 

 creased by seeds, or by divisions. 



S. pinnatifida (pinnatifid-leaved). <. yellow very closely resem- 

 bUne those of a species of Cleome. May. L interruptedly pin- 

 ntti^, thick, similar to those of a species of Bratnea. A. 3ft. 

 1812. 



STANNIA. A synonym of Fosoqneri* (which tee). 



STAFELIA (named by Linnaeus after Boderus a 

 Stapel, a physician of Amsterdam, and commentator on 

 Theophrastna ; he died in 1631). Carrion Flower. 

 Including Caruncularia, Gonostemon, Orbea, TridenUa, 

 and Tromotriche. OBD. Asdepiadev. A large genus 

 (upwards of sixty species have been described) of low, 

 thickly fleshy, leafless, greenhouse succulents, confined 

 to South Africa. Flowers usually large and showy, but 

 having a foatid odour (like carrion), solitary, twin, or 

 rarely fascicled, at the base or sides of the branches, on 

 short, or rarely long, peduncles; calyx five-parted, with 

 five glands within the base; corolla livid-purple or pale 

 yellow, spotted and marbled, with a very short tube, 

 and a much-spreading, five-lobed . limb, the lobes broad 

 or narrow, valvate ; corona double, the outer horizontally 

 spreading and deeply five-lobed, the inner consisting of 

 five scales; stamens affixed at the base of the corolla. 

 Steins deeply four-angled and toothed; young specimens 

 sometimes having a caducous, rudimentary leaf at the 

 apex of the teeth. A selection of the species most worthy 

 of cultivation is given below. All require a thoroughly 

 well-drained compost. This can be obtained by using a 



