494 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Stauropsis continued. 



incurved, the disk bearing an elevated tooth, and its base a short, 

 transverse crest ; scapes long, erect, many-flowered. July to 

 September. I. lorate, obtuse, and obliquely emarginate at apex, 

 light green. Stem stout. Philippine Islands. SYNS. Fieldia Us- 

 sochiloiclen, Vanda BaUmanni (B. R. 1846, 59), V. litsochiloide*. 

 &. fasclata (banded). Jl. large, few in a spike ; sepals and petals 

 white, with yellowish-cinnamon bars inside, cuneate-oblong, 

 acute ; lip whitish, the tips of the side plates of the anterior part 

 yellow, and a few purplish spots on the keel of the under side ; 

 basilar laciniae nearly dolabriform ; peduncles stalked, trigonous, 

 sely bilobed. Eastern tropical Asia, 1872. 



3in. across ; sepals and petals deep 



neat). fl. t spathe narrow-lanceolate, very acute ; 

 d purple, scarcely shorter than the spathe, the 

 -flowered ; peduncle livid-purple, shorter than 



I. cnneate-ligulate, obtuse 

 SYN. Trichoglottit faseiata. 



S. gigantea (gigantic), fl. 



yellow, with cinnamon-brown blotches, oblong, obovate ; lip 

 white, fleshy, small, incurved, channelled, dolabriform, with 

 short, rounded, basal auricles ; racemes axillary, about half as 

 long as the leaves. Spring. I. bold, distichous, dark green, 

 broadly lorate, recurved, tough, lift long, very obtuse, emar- 

 ginate. Burmah, 1858. A majestic plant. SYN. Vanda gigantea 

 (B. M. 5189 ; I. U. 277 ; R. X. O. ii. 112). 



STAUROSTIGMA (from stauros, a cross, and 

 ttigma, a stigma ; in allusion to the cross or star-shaped 

 stigmas). Including Asterostigma and Rhopalo stigma. 

 ORD. Aroidece (Araceae). A small genus (six species) of 

 stove, tuberous, stoloniferous herbs, natives of tropical 

 America. Flowers all perfect, the males and females 

 contiguous; spathe erect, lanceolate, convolute at base, 

 opening or gaping above ; spadix monoecious, inappendicu- 

 late, cylindrical, shorter than the spathe ; peduncles many 

 or solitary, equalling the leaves. Leaves on long petioles, 

 hastate-cordate, pinnatisect, or once or twice pinnati- 

 partite ; pinnae sessile, acuminate. The introduced species 

 are described below. A well-drained compost of sandy 

 loam and peat is most suitable. A season of rest 

 must be allowed, during which the plants should be 

 sparingly watered, so as not to become quite dry. Pro- 

 pagation may be effected by seeds, sown in bottom heat ; 

 or by division of the tubers. 



S. conclnnnm (neat), 

 spadix white and pnrp 



male part dense-flowered ; peduncle livid-purple, 

 the petioles. L, young ones reniform, pedatisect, the segments 

 obovate-lanceolate ; adults three-parted, the middle part pinnati- 

 sect, elongated-oblong, the lateral parts cymosely bi- or trisected ; 

 petioles nearly as long as the blades, marked with pale violet and 

 dark purple. A. lift. Brazil, 1860. (L. B. C. 1590, under name 

 of Caladvum luridum.) 



S. c. colubrinum (snake-like). /., spathe greyish-green, marked 

 with red and brownish-purple ; spadix pale greenish and dirty- 

 scarlet. Rio Janeiro, 18&0. 



S. C. Langsdorffii (Langsdorffs). fl., spathe glaucous-green out- 

 side, livid or dirty-brown within ; spadix rose-violet. I., petioles 

 green, more or less conspicuously spotted with white. A. lift. 

 Rio Janeiro, 1860. 



S. c. lincolatnm (lined), fl., spathe greyish-green outside, with 

 ochraceous stripes, brownish-purple within ; spadix dirty-yel- 

 lowish and rose-colour. A. lift. Rio Janeiro, 1860. 



S. Luschnathianum (Luschnath's). /., spathe deep green within 

 and speckled with brown, reticulated externally, 2in. to 4in. 

 long, erect, cylindric, acute ; spadix cylindric ; anthers scarlet ; 

 ovaries white ; scape similar to the petiole. 1. 1ft. to 2ft. long, 

 deep green, pinnatifld, broadly ovate; two lower segments 

 deflexed, deeply cut into three to five lobes ; remaining segments 

 four to six pairs, sessile, remote, irregularly sinuate-lobed or 

 entire; petioles 6in. to 12in. long, whitish, with black-purple 

 streaks. Rio Janeiro. (B. M. 5972, under name of Atterogtiftma 

 Luschnathianum.) 



S. Riedeliannm (Riedel's). fl., spathe yellowish, greenish out- 

 side; spadix slender, one-third shorter than the spathe; pe- 

 duncles many, variegated. I., adults three-parted; middle part 

 pinnatisect, the segments linear-oblong, sessile, abruptly and 

 rather long-cuspidate at apex ; lower lateral ones shortly decur- 

 rent ; peduncles spotted and variegated, scarcely longer than the 

 blades! A. 2ft. Bahia, 1860. 



STAVESACRE. See Delphinium Staphys- 

 agria. 



STEAM, HEATING BY. A method of heating 

 plant structures, which has been almost or entirely 

 superseded by that of hot water. Most of the systems 

 of heating now adopted in gardens, are described under 

 Heating (which see). 



STEEL-BLUE SIREX. See Sirex. 



STEENHAMMERA. A synonym of Mertensia 

 (which fee). 



STEGNOGRAMME. Included under Polypodium. 



STEGOSIA. A synonym of Rottboellia (which 

 see). 



STELEFHUROS. A synonym of Phleum (which 

 see). 



STELIS (the old Greek name used by Theophrastus 

 for some parasitical plant). ORD. Orchideae. A large 

 genus (about 150 species have been described) of stove, 

 epiphytal orchids, inhabiting tropical America, from 

 Brazil and Pern, as far as Mexico and the West Indies. 

 Flowers small, sometimes minute, shortly pedicellate, 

 in terminal, elongated racemes, rarely sub-distichous ; 

 sepals spreading, more or less connate; petals much 

 shorter, broad, with thickened margins, often nearly in- 

 cluding the column and lip ; lip sessile at the base of 

 the column, resembling the petals, or narrowed and occa- 

 sionally three-lobed ; pollen masses two ; bracts alter- 

 nate, often distichous. Leaves coriaceous, often contracted 

 into the petioles. Stems tufted, or creeping with simple 

 branches, one-leaved at apex, often with one to three 

 sheaths below the leaves, not pseudo-bulbous. Few 

 of the species have any attraction on the score of beauty ; 

 but many of them are very interesting. A selection of 

 those best known to cultivators is given below. For 

 culture, see Pleurothallis. 



S. atropurpurea (dark purple). A synonym of S. ciliarig. 

 S. Bruckmiilleri (Bruckmuller's).* fl. yellowish-purple outside, 



pale purple within, disposed at intervals of iin. along the rachis ; 



sepals broadly ovate, acute, united at base, clothed with spread- 



ing hairs within ; petals and lips very minute, the latter un- 



divided ; racemes two or three times as long as the leaves. 



December. I. liin. to 2in. long. Probably Mexican Andes. 



(B. M. 6521.) 

 S. canaliculate (channelled). /. dull yellowish-green, very small, 



secund, disposed in a dense raceme ; bracts and rachis whitish. 



I. cuneate-oblong, obtuse, thick, plainly channelled in the middle. 



A. Sin. Bogota, 1872. 



S. ciliaris (ciliated).* Jl. deep purple, with long fringes to the 

 ovate sepals ; petals oblate-rhomboid, fleshy ; lip ovate, fle 

 channelled at base; spike naked half-way up, then cl 



ovate sepals ; petals oblate-rhomboid, fleshy ; lip ovate, fleshy, 

 channelled at base; spike naked half-way up, then closely 

 covered with flowers. February. I. broadly oblong, narrowed 



at base. A. 6in. Mexico, 1842. SYN. S. atropurpurea (B. M 

 3975). 



S. Endresii (Endres|). fl. greenish-white ; sepals coalescing 

 towards the base ; lip fleshy, transversely sub-rhomboid, ex- 

 cavated ; raceme distichous. December and July. I. cuneate, 

 oblong-ligulate, obtuse, emarginate and apiculate, thick. Costa 

 Rica, 1870. 



S. glossula (small-tongued). fl. brownish, standing in two trans- 

 verse rows, the upper sepal having a much longer extent than the 

 whole of the other organs of the flower together ; lip fleshy, 

 papuliform. I. cuneate, oblong-ligulate, minutely bilobed, with 

 a small tooth at apex. Costa Rica, 1870. Plant densely 

 tufted. 



S. grandlflora (large-flowered), fl. chocolate-coloured, among 

 the largest of the genus ; sepals equal, obtuse ; petals ovate ; 

 lip ovate, concave, emarginate ; spike dense ; spathe large, acu- 

 minate. July. 1. oblong, peiiolate, emarginate, 4jin. long, lin. 

 broad. Stem Sin. high. Brazil, 1836. 



S. grossilabris (large-lipped), fl. light greenish, small ; lip thick 

 and fleshy ; racemes shorter than the leaves. 1. cuneate, spathu- 

 late, obtuse. Native place unknown. 1881. Plant tufted. 



S. micrantha (small-flowered), fl. whitish, red within, nodding, 

 one-sided-distichous ; sepals deltoid ; petals and lip truncate ; 

 raceme slender, spike-formed. April. I. lanceolate-oblong, 

 rather blunt, contracted and tapering at base, lin. to 2iin. long. 

 h. Sin. to 6in. Jamaica, 1805. (H. E. F. 158 ; L. B. C. 1011 ; 

 S. E. B. 75.) 



S. ophioglossoides (Ophioglossum-like). fl. greenish, with a 

 tinge of purple, minute ; raceme slender, one-sided, pedunculate. 

 September. I. 2iin. to 6in. long, oblong-linear, rather blunt, long- 

 tapering at the base. Stem shorter than the leaves. West 

 Indies, 1791. (B. R. 935 ; L. B. C. 442.) 



S. sesquipcdalis (foot-and-a-half ). /. pale yellow, secund, 

 large ; sepals roundish-ovate, obtuse ; petals oblate ; lip con- 

 formed, cucullate ; spike 7in. to lOin. long. August. I. broadly 

 oval, shortly petiolate, liin. to 4in. long. A. 6in. Sierra Nevada, 

 1845. 



S. zonata (zoned), fl. light ochre ; sepals brown at the base ; 

 petals with a mauve middle zone ; raceme one-sided. /. very 

 thick, cuneate-oblong, blunt. Stem short. Demerara, 1884. 



