520 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Strophanthus continued. 



orange, red, or purple, showy, rarely small ; calyx five- 

 parted; corolla funnel-shaped, the throat partly closed 

 by ten scales; lobes five, twisted, usually produced into 

 five very long, tail-like appendages; stamens affixed at 

 the summit of the tube; cymes terminal, sometimes 

 dense and few-flowered, sometimes corymbose and many- 

 flowered. Leaves opposite, penniveined. All the species 

 which have been introduced to cultivation are described 

 below. They are both interesting and beautiful shrubs, 

 of easy culture in a compost of sandy loam and peat. 

 Propagation may be readily effected by cuttings, inserted 

 in sand, under a glass, in a little heat. 



S. Bullenianus (Bullen's). fl. salver-shaped, having a pinkish 

 tube and a yellow limb marked with purplish spots, the long, 

 tail-like apices of the limb segments being purple ; cymes loosely 

 branched. Summer. I. elliptic-oblong, on short petioles. Western 

 tropical Africa, 1870. A hispid, stove climber. (G. C. 1870, 

 p. 1471.) 



S. capensis (Cape of Good Hope). /. yellowish ; corolla lobes 

 liin. long; peduncles terminal, longer than the leaves, two to 

 four-flowered. June. I. approximate, ternate, obversely lanceolate, 

 obtuse or sub-acute, l.Un. long, attenuated into a petiole two lines 

 long. Branches erect, glabrous, h. 3ft. Cape of Good Hope, 

 1860. Greenhouse. (B. M. 5713.) 



S. dichotomus (dichotompusly-branched). fl. whitish ; tails of 

 corolla segments purple, 3m. long ; scales curled. February and 

 March. I. oblong or oblong-obovate, 4in. long, acute and nar- 

 rowed at base, abruptly acuminate at apex ; petioles three to four 

 lines long. Branches and peduncles dichotomous. h. 3ft. East 

 Indies, 1816. Stove. 



S. dlvergens (diverging). /. greenish ; throat of corolla striped 

 with red, the lobes l^in. to IJin. long ; cymes few-flowered. June. 

 I. elliptic-oblong, almost acute at both ends, mucronulate at 

 apex, glabrous, h. 4ft. China, 1816. Stove. (B. 150 and B. R. 

 469, under name of S. dichotomus chinensis.) 



S. sarmentosus (sarmentose). fl. reddish-purple, fasciculate, 

 lateral and terminal, or ternate ; calyx lobes iin. long ; lobes of 

 the corolla nearly 2in. long. June. I. elliptic, acuminate, slightly 

 acute at the base. Branches cylindrical, sarmentose. h. 5ft. 

 Sierra Leone, 1824. Stove. 



STROPHIOLE. A tubercle found surrounding the 

 hilnm of certain seeds. 



STROPHOLIRION (from strophos, a twisted rope, 

 and lirion, a lily ; in allusion to the shape of the flower 

 stem and the affinities of the plant). SYN. Rupalleya. 

 OBD. Liliaceae. A monotypic genus. The species, S. 

 californicum, is the plant described in this work under 

 the name of Brodicea volubilis. 



STRUKERIA. 



see). 



A synonym of Vochysia (which 



STRUMA. A cushion-like swelling. 



STRUMARIA (from struma, a tubercle ; alluding 

 to the style being swollen in the middle). STNS. 

 Eudolon, Hymenetron, Pugionella, Stylago. OBD. Ama- 

 ryllidecB. A genus of greenhouse, bulbous plants. Six 

 species have been described, natives of South Africa. 

 Flowers numerous, in an umbel, on filiform, scarcely 

 spreading pedicels; perianth campanulate, with scarcely 

 any tube, the segments equal, erecto-patent ; filaments 

 more or less connected ; involucral bracts two, lanceolate, 

 the inner ones smaller; scapes solid. Leaves loriform. 

 A selection from the introduced species is given below. 

 Several plants formerly included here will now be found 

 under Hessea. The species thrive in well-drained, sandy 

 loam, and, after the leaves begin to discolour, require a 

 thorough season of rest. Propagated by division, or by 

 seeds. 



S. angustifolia (narrow-leaved), fl. scented like those of Lilium 

 Martarjon perianth white, flesh-coloured outside, the segments 

 equal and much-spreading ; scape lateral, erect, umbellately 

 about eight-flowered. April. I. few, linear, slightly obtuse 

 flat, entire, shining; sheath radical, erect, Iin. to 2in. high. 

 h. bin. 1795. 



S. rubella (reddish), fl. six to ten, umbellate, inodorous ; pe- 

 rianth reddish and flesh - coloured, much spreading ; bracts 

 purplish; scape lateral, nearly 1ft. high. Jlay. I. linear, 



Strumaria continued. 



oblique, slightly obtuse, entire, 5in. to 9in. long, Jin. broad ; 



sheath wanting. 1795. 



S. spiralis (spiral). A synonym of Carpalysa spiralix. 

 S. stellaris (starry). A synonym of Hessea utellaris. 

 S. truncata (truncate), fl. many, umbellate, inodorous, on 



slender, erect pedicels; perianth white, reddish at base, the 



segments much spreading ; bracts purplish, erect. April. 



I. tongue-like, obtuse, nearly erect, from oin. to Sin. long, iin. 



broad, all included at base in a dark blood-coloured sheath. 



1795. 



STRUMOSE, STRUMIFEROUS. Bearing a 

 struma. 



STRUTHIOLA (from struthion, a little sparrow; 

 alluding to the resemblance of the seeds to a beak). 

 SYN. Belvala. OBD. Thymelceacece. A genus comprising 

 about a score species of pretty, greenhouse, evergreen, 

 Heath-like shrubs or under-shrubs, restricted to South 

 Africa. Flowers white, red, or yellow, sub-sessile in the 

 upper axils, solitary or rarely twin ; perianth tube slender, 

 the lobes four, spreading ; stamens four, included in the 

 tube ; bracteoles two, short, narrow, stipitate. Fruit 

 small, dry. Leaves opposite or rarely scattered, rather 

 small, coriaceous, often loosely imbricated. The best- 

 known species are here described. They thrive in sandy 

 peat. Propagation may be effected by cuttings, inserted 

 in sand, under a glass. 



S. erecta (erect). /. pink or white, five to six lines long, the 

 lobes acuminate. June. I. clustered, linear-lanceolate, acute, 

 ing, one to three-nerved at back, not ciliated. Branches 

 mcler, straight, h. lift. 1798. Shrub highly glabrous. 

 (B. M. 2138; L. B. C. 74.) 



S. lineariloba glabra (linear-lobed, glabrous), fl. reddish or 

 white, scarcely iin. long ; lobes linear, obtuse. June. I. half- 

 spreading, needle -like, convex at back, almost nerveless, 

 glabrous, h. 2ft. 1820. (B. M. 222, under name of S. erecta; 

 L. B. C. 75, under name of S. juniperina.) 



1. reddish ot , , 



long ; lobes ovate-oblong. July. 



1. imbricated, ovate- or linear - lanceolate, slightly acuminate, 

 rather obtuse, slenderly striated, glabrous, ciliated, at length 

 naked, one-half or one-third the ler.gth of the flowers. Branches 

 puberulous. h. 2ft. 1819. (B. M. 1212, under name of S. pu- 

 bescens.) 



S. lucens (shining), fl. yellow, five t9 seven lines long, pubescent; 

 lobes ovate-oblong. June. I. imbricated, lanceolate or oblong, 

 acuminate and acute, clasping, six to ten lines long, shining, 

 ciliated, at length naked. Branches twiggy, pubescent above. 

 h. 2ft. 1817. 



S. ovata (ovate), fl. white or flesh-coloured, several times longer 

 than the leaves ; lobes ovate, acuminate. April. I. ovate or 

 oblong, slightly acute, nearly flat, obsoletely one to three-nerved 

 at back. A. 2ft. 1792. (A. B. R. 119 ; L. B. C. 141.) 



S. striata (striated), fl. yellow, cano-pilose, scarcely longer than 

 the leaves ; lobes oblong, acute. July. I. ovate or oblong, sub- 

 acute, flat, or the upper ones somewhat clasping, acute, striate- 

 nerved, ciliated, glabrous. Branchlets pubescent, h. 2ft. 1820. 

 (A. B. R. 113, under name of S. imbricata.) 



S. tomentosa (tomentose). fl. yellow, cano-tomentose, iin. long; 

 lobes oblong, obtuse. August. I. imbricated, oval-oblong, rather 

 obtuse, three to five lines long, three to five-nerved at back, 



S. longiflora (long-flowered), fl. reddish or yellowish, densely 

 tomentose, eight to twelve lines 



, 



slightly pilose ; upper ones broader, half -clasping ; lower ones 

 flat, linear-lanceolate ; young ones an 

 villous. A. 2ft. 1799. (A. B. R. 334.) 



, 

 ones and branchlets densely cano- 



S. virgata (twiggy), fl. red; tube adpressedly pilose; lobes 



ovate, rather obtuse. June. I. opposite, three to six lines long, 

 clustered, semi - spreading, linear or lanceolate - linear, obtuse, 



ciliated, or, as well as the branchlets, pubescent, h. 2ft. 1779. 



(A. B. R. 139, under name of S. rubra ; A. B. R. 140, under name 



of S. ciliata.) 

 S. V. incana (hoary), fl. white ; tube densely pubescent ; limb 



glabrescent. I. ciliated, penicillate. Branchlets densely hoary 



or silky-villous at apex. (L. B. C. 11, under name of S. in- 



cana.) 



STRUTHIOPTERIS. Included under Onoclea 

 (which see). 



STRUTHIUM. Included under Gypsophila. 



STRYCHNINE-PLANT. The common name of 



Strychnos Nux vomica. 



STRYCHNOS (an old Greek name used by Theo- 

 phrastus for some solanaceous plants). SYNS. Brehmia, 



