AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



523 



Styphelia continued. 



Flowers axillary, solitary with the rudiment of a second, 

 or very rarely two or three, on a very short peduncle ; 

 calyx usually coloured, five-parted, many-bracted, bibrac- 

 teolate ; corolla tube elongated, cylindrical or slightly 

 ventricose, hairy inside at the throat; lobes five, linear, 

 much revolute ; stamens five, free. Leaves sessile or 

 scarcely petiolate, small or elongated, acuminate, striate- 

 nerved. The four best-known species are here described. 

 Young plants are obtained from cuttings, in a similar way 

 to Ericas; but, as the process takes a long time, it is 

 advisable to purchase small plants from nurserymen. A 

 compost of fibry peat, with the addition of about one- 

 sixth of silver sand, is most suitable for these plants. 

 Efficient drainage must be secured, and the new soil 

 made firm round the ball, which should not be broken, 

 nor the roots disturbed by the process. Water should 

 be withheld from the roots for a few days, light overhead 

 syringings being sufficient. As the plants progress, more 

 air and sun should be admitted, until about the end of 

 July, when they may be plunged in ashes outside. 

 Watering should be carefully performed at all times. A 

 cool greenhouse, or other structure where frost is ex- 

 cluded, is a suitable position for them in winter. 



S. amplexicanlis (stem-clasping). A synonym of Leucopoyon 

 amptexicaulig. 



S. longifolia (long-leaved), fl. green, solitary, axillary, nearly 

 sessile; corolla tube nearly lin. long, with five dense tofts of 

 hairs above the base. June. I. long-lanceolate, gradually taper- 

 ing into a fine, rigid point, concave, lin. to 2in. long, or the lower 

 ones still longer. Branches twiggy, softly pubescent A. 3ft. 

 1807. (B. B. 24 ; L. B. C. 1583.) 



S. trifiora (three-flowered). fl. pale pink and yellow, very shortly 

 pedicellate, solitary or very rarely two (or three?) together in 

 the lower axils ; corolla tube usually about jin. long. July. 

 1. obpvate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, very shortly tapering to 

 a rigid point, flat or more or less concave, rarely exceeding lin. in 

 length. A. 5ft 1796. (A. B. B. 72 ; B. M. 1297 ; L. B. C. 426.) 



S. tubiflora (tube-flowered).* fl. red, solitary in the axils, nearly 

 sessile or shortly pedicellate ; corolla tube nearly lin. long, the 

 revolute lobes very long and narrow. July. I. oblong-linear, 

 sometimes slightly cuneate, abruptly mucronate, with revolute 

 margins, about *in. long. A. 5ft 1802. (B. 142; L. B. C. 1938; 

 P. M. B. Mi. 29.) 



S. viridis (green). ft. green, solitary in the axils, nearly 

 sessile; corolla tube nearly |in. long, with five tufts of hairs 

 inside above the base. May. I. oblong-lanceolate or obovate- 



sblong, abruptly narrowed into a short, rigid point, flat or 

 slightly convex, less than lin. long. A. 4ft 179L ' ' 

 S. F. A. 50, under name of S. viridiflora.) 



(A.B.B.312; 



STYPHNOLOBIUM. Included under Sophora 

 (which see). 



STYBACE.2E. A natural order of trees or shrubs, 

 mostly natives of the warmer parts of Asia, Australia, 

 and America, a few being found in Northern temperate 

 regions. Flowers usually white, rarely reddish, regular, 

 hermaphrodite or rarely polygamo- dioecious, usually ra- 

 cemose ; calyx gamosepalons, with five, rarely, four, teeth 

 or lobes; corolla of five, rarely four, petals, free or con- 

 nate towards the base; stamens as many, or twice as 

 many, as the corolla lobes, sometimes indefinite; disk 

 wanting ; bracts small, often minute or obsolete ; pedi- 

 cels ebracteolate. Fruit often baccate or drupaceous, 

 one-seeded by abortion. Leaves alternate, exstipnlate 

 (or with minute rudimentary stipules ?), entire or ser- 

 rated, membranous or coriaceous, penniveined. The two 

 balsams, Storax and Benzoin, are respectively derived from 

 Styrax officinalis and S. Benzoin. Several of the species 

 are employed as tea and for dyeing yellow in the Hima- 

 layas. The order embraces seven genera and about 220 

 species. Styrax and Symplocos are the principal genera, 

 and include all the species, except about a dozen. 



STYBANDBA. A synonym of Maianthemum 

 (which see). 



STYBAX (the ancient Greek name, used by Theo- 

 phrastus, for the tree which produces Storax). Storax. 



Styrax continued. 



SYNS. Cyrta, Foveolaria, StrigUia, Tremanthut. OBD. 

 Styracece. A genus comprising nearly sixty species of 

 greenhouse or hardy, mostly lepidote, trees and shrubs, 

 natives of the warmer parts of Asia and America, a few 

 being found in temperate Asia and Europe. Flowers 

 often white, disposed in axillary and terminal, short, 

 loose, simple or slightly-branched racemes, often pen- 

 dulous ; calyx campannlate, minutely five-toothed or 

 nearly entire; corolla segments or petals five, erecto- 

 patent ; stamens ten. Fruit globose or oblong ; seeds, 

 by abortion, one, or very rarely two. Leaves entire or 

 serrated. 8. Benzoin yields the resin called Benzoin; 

 and 8. officinale furnishes a balsamic resinous substance, 

 known as Storax. The few species introduced are (ex- 

 cept where otherwise stated) hardy, deciduous, white- 

 flowered shrubs; they are very handsome subjects when 

 in flower, and hence are highly suited for shrubberies. 

 A light soil is most suitable. Propagation may be effected 

 by layers, in spring or autumn. 



S. americana (American), fl. solitary or in very few-flowered 

 racemes, nodding ; petals lanceolate-oblong, iin. to nearly Jin. 

 long. Summer. L lin. to 3m. long, bright green, commonly 

 entire, oblong or oval, mostly acute at both ends, often acuminate. 

 A. 4ft to 8ft North America. 



S. Benzoin (Benzoin), fl. Jin. lonp ; pedicels thrice as long as the 

 flowers ; racemes compound, axillary, rather shorter than the 

 leaves, hoary-tomentose. Summer, fr. globose, indehiscent, 

 seven lines broad. I 4in. long, oblong, acuminate, whit- 

 tomentose beneath. Branchlets covered with rusty- white tomen- 

 tnm. Sumatra. Stove. (B. M. PI. 169.) 



S. calif omica (Calif orni an), fl., pedicels with the calyx and 

 corolla minutely canescent ; style becoming lin. long. fr. a bony 

 seed, the size of a small cherry. I. oval, entire or sparingly undu- 

 late, lin. to 2in. long, short-petioled. A. 5ft to 8ft California. A 

 shrub with scurfy, stellular pubescence, at first hoary, sometimes 

 soon green and glabrate. 



S. grandlfolia (large-leaved).* fl. mostly in elongated racemes ; 

 corolla iin. long, convolute-imbricate in bud. Spring. I. obovate, 

 acute or pointed, 3in. to 6in. long, white-tomentose beneath. 

 A. 6ft North America, 1765. (L. B. C. 1016.) 



S. japonica (Japanese). A form of S. serrulata viryata. 



S. officinalis (officinal), fl., corolla often six or seven-parted; 

 racemes shorter than the leaves, three to five-flowered. July. 

 L oval-obovate, IJin. to 2in. long, often rounded at apex, sub- 

 acute at base, hoary-tomentose beneath. A. 10ft. Levant 

 (naturalised in South-western Europe), 1597. (A. B. B. 631 ; 

 Fl. Ment 60 ; L. B. C. 928.) 



S. pnlverulenta (powdery), fl. Jin. long, one to three together 

 in the axils and at the tips of the branches, fragrant Spring. 

 J. oval or obovate, about lin. long, sparingly pubenilous above, 

 scurfy-tomentose beneath. A. 1ft. to 4ft South United States, 

 1794. 



8. serrulata (slightly serrated).* JL, corolla five or six-lobed, 

 pubescent; racemes terminating the lateral branches, shorter than 

 the leaves. Spring. I. oblong, acuminate, 2iin. long, acute at 

 base, serrulated, glabrescent Branches, petioles, racemes, and 

 calyces fulvous - tomentose. India to Japan. A shrub or tree, 

 sometimes 40ft high. (B. M. 5950.) 



S. s. Virgata (twiggy). L tapering, acuminate, usually widest 

 below the middle. S. japonica (B. G. 583 ; S. Z. F. J. 23) only 

 differs from this variety in having somewhat pinkish-tinted 

 buds, with a glabrescent calyx. 



8UJEDA (from Suaed, said to be the Arabic name 

 of one of the species). OBD. Chenopodiacece. A genus 

 comprising about forty species of saline herbs or shrubs, 

 widely distributed. Flowers small or minute, axillary 

 or clustered. Leaves ternate, fleshy, entire. S. fruticosa 

 and 8. maritime (Sea Elite; Seaside Goose foot, &c.) are 

 British plants; the latter is used in Southern Europe 

 in the manufacture of Barilla (see remarks under Sali- 

 coraia). None of the species possess any horticultural 

 merit. 



SUB. A prefix which, in composition of Latin words 

 in terminology, signifies nearly, somewhat, or slightly : 

 e.g., Sub - rotund, roundish ; Sub - cordate, slightly cor- 

 date, &c. 



SUBEBOSE. Corky in texture. 



SUBLZMIA. A synonym of Hyophorbe. 



