AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



529 



Swertia continued. 



S. porpurascens (purplish). JL purple or dark red; sepals 

 oblong ; corolla lobes Jin. long, ovate, much refiexed ; panicles 

 divaricate, many -flowered, leafy. June. L oblong or lanceolate, 

 liin. long, narrowed at base ; the lowest ones nearly obtuse, 

 the uppermost ones acute, glabrous. Stems Sin. to 3ft. high. 

 1830. 



S. trichotoma (trichotomous). JL white; corolla lobes often 

 caudate; pedicels iin. to liin. long, numerous, umbelled or 

 clustered at the ends of the cyme branches. Summer. I., upper 

 cauline ones elliptic-lanceolate, h. 1ft to lift. 1863. This is 

 closely allied to S. corymbota. (B. M. 5597, under name of 



cauline ones 

 closely allied 

 Ophelia vmtteUata.) 



SWTETENIA (named in honour of Gerard von 

 Swieten, 1700-1772, a Dutch botanist and author). OBD. 

 Meliacece. A monotypic genus. The species is a tall, 

 stove tree, with fuscous-red wood well known as Maho- 

 gany, and extensively employed in the manufacture of 

 furniture, &c. S. Mahagoni thrives in a compost of loam 

 and sand. It may be increased by ripened cuttings, 

 with the leaves intact, inserted in sand, under a hand- 

 glass, in heat. 



S. Mahagoni. Mahogany-tree. /. reddish-yellow, small, in 

 axillary and sub-terminal panicles ; calyx five-cleft ; petals five, 

 imbricated. May. I. abruptly pinnate, highly glabrous ; leaflets 

 opposite, petiolulate, oblique, ovate, long-acuminate, h. 70ft 

 Central America and the Antilles, 1734. 



SWTPT MOTHS. See Otter Moth. 

 SWISS STONE PINE. See Finns Cembra. 

 SWORD LILY. A common name for Gladiolm. 



SYAGRUS (the old Greek name of a Palm, men- 

 tioned by Pliny). OBD. Palmee. A small genus of stove, 

 unarmed Palms, now included, by Bentham and Hooker, 

 under Cocos. Flower-spike enveloped in a double spathe. 

 Shell of the fruit hard and bony, having a broad, smooth 

 band or channel running from each of the three pores, 

 and meeting at the top ; seed oily, sometimes hollow, 

 inclosed in a hard, bony shell, surrounded by a fibrous 

 rind. Leaves terminal, pinnatisect. For culture, see 

 Cocoa. 



S. amara (bitter). /., inner leaflets of the males linear-oblong; 

 females ovate-globose, fr. ovoid-oblong, blunt at both ends, Sin. 

 long. L, segments linear, acuminate. Trunk 50ft to 100ft or 

 more in height Jamaica. In habit this species closely resembles 

 Coco* nucifero. 



S. botryophora (cluster-bearing). JL, spathe second, as long as 

 the spadix, sulcate ; spadix ljft or more long. L erecto-patent, 

 9ft to 10ft long ; pinnae opposite or grouped, lift, to 2ft long, 

 linear, acuminate, obliquely adnate, slightly crisped. Trunk 

 straight, 50ft to 60ft high, 6in. to lOin. thick. Bahia, 1856. SYN. 

 Attalfo, grandit. 



S. campestris (field-lovingX* JL, spathe as long as the spadix; 

 spadix lift long, spreading when flowering, nodding in fruit 

 I. spreading, 2ft to 6ft or more long ; pinnae lift to 2ft long, not 

 more than iin. broad ; petioles broadly sheathing and very thick, 

 clothed at the edges with woody, brown fibres, and armed with 

 a few stout, dark reddish-brown spines on the naked portion. 

 Trunk swollen at base. Brazil. An elegant and highly orna- 

 mental plant 



S. cocoides (Cocos-like).* JL yellowish-white, rather large ; outer 

 spathe 1ft long, obtuse, navicular, ferrnginous-tomentose outside, 

 within at first yellowish-white, at length fuscous ; inner spathe, 

 together with the compressed -terete peduncle, lift long ; spadix 

 slightly and simply branched, drooping, ljft long, nodding or 

 pendulous, and 2ft long when fruiting. I. all terminal, rather 

 loose, erecto-patent arcuate, tufted, 4ft to 6ft. long, pinnate ; 

 pinnse linear, narrow, slightly curled, the adults 9in. to 12in. long, 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate, highly glabrous. Trunk 8ft to 10ft 

 high, 2in. to Sin. thick. Brazil, 1825. 



S. comosa (tufted). Jl., spathe fusiform, sulcate ; spadix 1ft or 

 more long, with five, six, or numerous flexnous branches, fr. 

 fibry, oblong or ovate-oblong, glabrous. L 3ft to 4ft lone, 

 spreading ; pinnse erect, approximate, lanceolate, obliquely ad- 

 nate. Trunk 10ft or rarely more in height, annulate below. 

 Brazil. 



S. Mikaniana(Mikan > s). JL, spadix 2ft to 3ft. long. fr. about 

 2in. long. L dense, slightly crisped, 8ft. to 10ft long ; pinnae 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Trunk 40ft to 50ft high, nearly 

 1ft thick, irregularly annulate. Brazil, 1853. 



S, Sancona (Sancona). JL, outer sjathe smaller ; inner one fusi- 

 form, 3ft long, opening at back ; spadix simply branched ; w- 



Vol. ILL 



Syagrns continued. 



florescence monoecious, axillary, fr. orange, ovoid, glabrous, 

 smooth : t 8ft lon^retic^fand **& at ba^readl 



.,. 



fives, linear, acute, glabrous, papyraceous, 2ft long, 

 o 80ft high, 6in. thick. Brazil. 



-as 



rct : .-u:-.'-- and *hc.:ri-. - 

 ing ; leaflets about ISO on each side, aggregate in 



TranVeOftTto 1011 



SYCAMINE-TREE. A Scriptural name for the 

 Mulberry-tree. See Morns. 



SYCAMORE-TREE. See Acer Psendo-pla- 



tanas. The name is also applied to Platanua occidental^ 

 and other species. 



SYCHINIUM. A synonym of Dorstenia. 



S YCOMORE PIQ-TREE. See Sycomorns anti- 

 quornm (the proper name of which is now Ficus Syco- 

 morns). 



SYCOMORUS (the old Greek name used by Dios- 

 corides; from tycot, a fig, and morot, a mulberry). OBD. 

 Urticacece. A genus comprising nearly a score species 

 of stove or greenhouse trees, confined to the Old World, 

 now included, by the authors of the " Genera Plantarum," 

 under Ficus. Male flowers sessile, the perianth three 

 or rarely two-parted; females sessile or pedicellate, the 

 perianth three or many - parted. Leaves alternate, 

 rounded- cordate or oblong, entire or serrated, glabrous, 

 puberulous, or rough. Only a couple of species call for 

 description here. They thrive in sandy loam, with the 

 addition of a little leaf soil, and only small pots, in 

 comparison to the size of plant, need be used. Plenty 

 of syringing, or occasional sponging, will keep the leaves 

 clean, and almost any amount of water may be applied 

 to the roots. The plants are readily propagated by cut- 

 tings or eyes, having a leaf attached, inserted in a close 

 frame, inside a propagating house, in early spring. 



S. antiqnorum (ancients'). Pharaoh's Fig ; Sycomore Fig-tree. 

 JL greenish or yellowish, racemose, pedunculate. L ovate, 

 obtuse, cordate at base, four or five-ribbed on both sides, entire, 

 repand, or slightly angular, at length nearly glabrous and smooth ; 

 petioles and branchlets slightly hairy. Egypt Sy.\. Ficut 

 Syeomona. 



S. capensis (Cape). /. ovate or ovate-oblong, attenuated and 

 slightly obtuse at apex, rounded or sub-emarginate and entire 

 at base, the rest deeply dentate-serrate, glabrous, smooth, three 

 or four times as long as the petioles. Cape of Good Hope, 1816. 



SYKESIA. A synonym of Gffirtnera (which ,-<>>). 

 SYLVESTRIS. Growing in woods. 

 SYMEA. A synonym of Solaria (which tee). 



SYMMETRICAL.. Regular as to the number of 

 parts or as to shape : e.g.. a flower with five sepals, five 

 petals, and five, ten, or fifteen stamens. 



SYMPETALOUS. The 



(which see). 



SYMPHACHNE. A synonym of Eriocaulon 

 (which see). 



SYMPHORTA. A synonym of Symphoricarpns 

 (which see). 



SYMPHORICARPUS (from symphoreo, to bear 

 together, and iarpo*, fruit; in allusion to the clusters 

 of berries). St. Peter's Wort; Snowberry-tree. STN. 

 Symphoria. OBD. Caprifoliaceae. A genus comprising 

 about half-a-dozen species of handsome, dwarf, hardy, 

 deciduous shrubs, natives of North America and the 

 mountains of Mexico. Flowers white or pink, small, 

 disposed in short, axillary racemes or spikes; calyx tube 

 sub-globose, the limb somewhat irregularly four or five- 

 toothed; corolla funnel-shaped or campannlate, the limb 

 four or five-lobed ; stamens four or five. Drupes white 

 or red, baccate, ovoid or globose, fleshy, four-stoned. 

 Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, ovate, entire or, on 

 young plants, sinuate-toothed. Four of the species have 

 been introduced. They are of very simple culture in 



3Y 



as Monopetalous 



