532 



THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 



Syinpliytum continued. 



S. tanricum (Timrian). Jl. whitish ; calyx acutely lobod above 

 the middle ; corolla twice as long as the calyx, with obtuse lobes 

 and linear appendages. I. acute, slightly undulated ; lower ones 

 alternate, petiolate, ovate - cordate ; uppermost ones opposite, 

 sessile. Stem branched, h. 3ft. Tauria, 1806. Plant pilose, 

 hairy. (B. M. 1787.) 



FIG. 559. INFLORESCENCE OF SVMPHYTUM PEREGRINUM. 



S. tuberosum (tuberous-rooted).* /. ochreous. I. scarcely decur- 

 rent; radical ones on long petioles. Stem 1ft to 2ft high. Root- 

 stock short, horizontal. Europe (BritainX This resembles 

 S. oJMnoZe, but the flowers are smaller, and the radical leaves 

 are on longer petioles. (J. F. A. 225 ; Sy. En. B. 1117.) 



SYMFIEZA (from sympiezo, to press;. in reference 

 to the stamens, which adhere to the corolla tube). 

 OBD. Ericaceae. A small genus (five species) of small, 

 Heath-like, greenhouse shrubs, confined to South Africa. 

 Flowers small, clustered in terminal heads, ebracteate or 

 tribracteate ; calyx rather thick, complanate and bilabiate 

 or tubnlar-campanulate and four-toothed ; corolla marces- 

 cent, oblique or curved, with a shortly-bifid limb, the 

 lobes broad and connivent ; stamens four, exserted. 

 Leaves ternately whorled, small or minute, linear or 

 elliptic, sulcate at back. S. capitellata, the only species 

 introduced to our gardens, is a pretty little shrub, 

 thriving in a compost of turfy peat and sand. It may 

 be increased by young cuttings, inserted in sand, under 

 a glass. 



S. capitellata (small-headed). Jl. pink, in sub-globose, drooping 

 heads ; corolla thrice as long as the shortly-ciliated, compressed, 

 bilobed calyx. July. I. linear-trigonal or erecto-incurved ; floral 

 ones scarcely longer than the calyx. It, lift. 1812. 



SYMPLOCARFUS (from njmplolce, connection, and 

 karpos, fruit; alluding to the coalescence of the ovaries 

 into a compound fruit). STNS. Ictodes, Spatliyema. 

 ORD. Aroidea: (Araceae). A monotypic genus. The 

 species is a large, robust, hardy, aquatic . perennial, 



thickly coriaceous, with thick nerves ; petioles short, robust, 

 ug- sheathing. Rootstock descending. h. 1" 

 (B. M. 3224.) 



1ft. America, 

 SYN. Pathos 



Symplocarpns continued. 



having a similar foetid odour to that of the skunk. It 

 succeeds in a mar.hy situation, preferring peat eoil. 

 Increased by divisions. 



S. footidus (fcetid). Meadow or Skunk Cabbage, Ac. /. all 

 fertile; spathe spotted and striped with purple and yellowish- 

 green, ventriccse or conchoid, curved at apex, thickly coriaceous, 

 persistent ; spadix violet, included, globular, short-stalked, 

 entirely covered with thickly-crowded flowers; peduncle very 

 short. May. 1. 1ft to 2ft. long, ample, ovate-cordate, acute, 



coriaceous, with thick nerves 

 long-sheathing. Rootstock descendir 

 North-eastern Asia, and Japar 

 foetidits (B. M. 836). 



SYMFLOCOS (from symploke, a. connection ; the 

 stamens are united at the base). Including Hopea. 

 OBD. Styracece. A large genus (about 150 species) of 

 stove or greenhouse, usually glabrous, rarely pubescent 

 or villons, trees and shrubs, broadly dispersed over the 

 warmer parts of Asia, Australia, and America. Calyx 

 five-lobed, imbricated ; corolla lobes or segments five 

 and one-seriate, or six to ten and biseriate, free or 

 more or less connate ; stamens often numerous, many- 

 seriate ; racemes or spikes axillary, loose or dense, 

 sometimes reduced to few-flowered fascicles or even to 

 single flowers. Leaves alternate, coriaceous or mem- 

 branous. The five species introduced thrive in a com- 

 post of loam, peat, and sand. Propagation may be 

 . effected by cuttings, inserted in sand, under a glass 

 (those of S. coccinea and S. Sumuntia in heat). 



S. coccinea (scarlet), ft. red, axillary, solitary, sessile, lin. 

 broad ; corolla ten-lobed, spreading ; petals nearly connate at 

 base. May. I. elliptic-oblong, Sin. to 4in. long, acuminate, 

 obtuse at base, crenulated, glabrous above, pilose beneath ; 

 petioles in. long. h. 10ft. Mexico, 1825. Stove tree. 



S. cratsegoides (Cratsegus-like). fl. white, small ; panicles lin. 

 to 5in. long, cymosely many-flowered. April. /. 2in. by lin. to 

 iJlin., varying from lanceolate and acuminate to broadly obovate- 

 elliptic and nearly obtuse, closely serrated towards the apex. 

 h. 3ft. to 40ft. Himalaya and Japan, 1824. Greenhouse shrub or 

 tree. 



S. japonica (Japanese). JL pale yellow, sub-sessile ; racemes 

 axillary, simple, shorter than the petioles, three to five-flowered. 

 June. I. oblong- or obovate-elliptic, 2in. long, acute at both ends, 

 glabrous, serrated; petioles 4in. Ion?, h. 10ft. Japan, 1850. 



reenhouse tree. (S. Z. F. J. 24, under name of S. 



apan, 185 

 . lucida.) 



S. Sinica (Chinese). Jl. white, fragrant; racemes compound, 

 terminal and axillary, as long as the leaves. May. I. elliptic, 

 liin. to 2in. long, acute at both ends, serrated, and, as well as 

 the branches and branchlets, pubescent, h. 3ft. China, 1822. 

 Greenhouse shrub. (B. R. 710.) 



S. Sumuntia (Sumuntia). JL whitish, small, produced in short, 

 few-flowered spikes. Summer. I. narrowly elliptic, acute, serru- 

 late, cuneate at base. Himalaya, 1883. An unattractive, stove 

 shrub. (R. G. 1073, fig. c-g.) 



S. tinctoria (dyer's). Horse Sugar; Sweet Leaf. Jl. yellow, 

 odorous, six to fourteen in close and bracted clusters. April. 

 I. elongated-oblong, 3in. to 5in. long, acute, obscurely toothed, 

 thickish, almost persistent, minutely pubescent and pale beneath. 

 h. 3ft. South United States, 1780. Greenhouse shrub. The 

 leaves are sweet, and are greedily eaten by cattle ; after drying, 

 they are used for dyeing yellow. 



SYMFODE, SYMPODIUM. "A. stem made up 

 of a series of superposed branches in a way to imitate 

 a simple axis; a Sympodial stem" (Asa Gray). 



SYN. A term which, in Greek compounds, signifies 

 union, adhesion, or growing together : e.g., Synantherous, 

 stamens coalescent by their anthers; Syncarpous, com- 

 posed of two or more united carpels. 



SYNADENIUM (from syn, united, and aden, a 

 gland; the glands of the involucre are united in a cup 

 or disk). African Milk-bush. OBD. Eupliorbiaceoi. A 

 Fmall genus (two or three species) of slightly fleshy, terete- 

 branched, stove shrubs, natives of South and tropical 

 East Africa. Flowers rather inconspicuous, in terminal, 

 loosely corymbose, bi- or trichotomously-branehed, cymes; 

 involucre campanulate, regular, five-lobed, five-glanded, 

 seated on a flat-concave cupule ; innlos (on separate 

 cymes) from twenty to thirty in five fascicles ; females 



