AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 



533 



Syiiadenium continued. 



solitary, with bifid, recurred stigmas. Leaves scattered, 

 obovate, entire, rather thick. Only one species has been 

 introduced. It thrives in a thoroughly well- drained, 

 sandy loam, with the addition of a little well-rotted 

 cow-dung. Propagation may be effected by cuttings, 

 thoroughly dried at the base, inserted in sand, and 

 occasionally very slightly moistened. 



S. Grantll (Captain Grant's), fl. red-purple; involucre Jin. in 

 diameter ; pedicels purplish ; cymes axillary, corymbosely 

 branched, 6in. to Sin. long, green I bracts appressed. November. 

 I. Sin. to 4in. long, obtuse, not very succulent, dark green above, 

 paler below. Stem stout, terete, h. 6ft to 10ft. Central Africa, 

 1867. (B. M. 5633.) 



SYNANDRA (from syn, together, and aner, andros, 

 an anther; the posterior and sterile anthers are connate). 

 ORD. Labiates. A monotypic genus. The species is a 

 hardy, hairy, fibrous-rooted biennial, with the habit of 

 Lamium, and requiring ordinary culture. 



S. grandiflora (large-flowered), fl. white or nearly so, solitary 

 in the bracts ; corolla liin. long ; filaments bearded. June. 

 I. membranous, cordate, coarsely crenate, all but the floral 

 ones (which are reduced to ovate, sessile bracts) long-petioled. 

 A. 1ft. to 2ft. North America, 1827. 



SYNANDRA (of Scbrader). A synonym of Aphel- 

 andra. 



SYNANTHERE2E. Synonymous with Composites. 



SYNAPHLEBIUM. Included under Davallia and 

 Lindsaya. 



SYNARRHENA. A synonym of Mimusops (which 

 see). 



SYNCARPIUM. A multiple fruit, as the Mulberry ; 

 or a fleshy, aggregate fruit, like that of Magnolia. 



SYNECHANTHUS (from syneches, continuous, and 

 anthos, a flower ; in allusion to the arrangement of the 

 inflorescence). SYNS. Rathea, Reineckia. ORD. Palmce. 

 A small genus, consisting of two Central American and one 

 Columbian species of gregarious, unarmed, stove Palms. 

 Flowers greenish or the males purplish, minute ; spathes 

 many, tubular, membranous, persistent; spadices many, 

 on long and slender peduncles, erect in flowering, with 

 straight, compressed or ancipitous branches. Fruit red- 

 dish-yellow, shining, ellipsoid, one-seeded. Leaves ter- 

 minal, equally pinnatisect; segments broad or narrow, 

 membranous, acuminate, plicate -nerved, often interrupted, 

 the margins recurved at base; rachis convex at back, 

 deeply keeled above ; petioles channelled above ; sheaths 

 short, opening. Trunk slender, annulate, often stoloni- 

 ferous. S. fibrosus, the only species introduced, is an 

 exceedingly graceful Palm, requiring similar treatment to 

 Chamsedorea (which see). 

 S. flbrosus (fibrous-rooted).* /. in two-ranked, short, linear 



. 



clusters ; spathes several ; spadices one-third as long as the 

 branches man 



IJin. long. , 



lets numerous, 1ft. to lift, long, spreading and rather pendulous, 

 4ft. high, green. Central America. 



- 



leaves, the branches many, very slender, forked. Jr. orange-red, 

 sessile, lin. to IJin. long. 1. 4ft. long, erect and spreading ; leaf- 



ther 



linear-lanceolate. Trunk 

 (B. M. 6572.) 



SYNEDRAL. Growing on the angles of a stem. 



SYNGENESIA. A Linnean class, characterised by 

 having Syngenesious anthers. 



SYNGENESIOUS. Having the anthers united at 

 their edges, so as to form a tube. 



SYNGONIUM (from syn, confluent, and gone, the 

 womb; alluding to the cohesion of the ovaries). ORD. 

 AroidecB (Aracem). A genus comprising about eight 

 species of stove, climbing shrubs, natives of tropical 

 America. Flowers monoecious, the males and females 

 remote ; spathe tube ovoid, accrescent, persistent, the 

 throat contracted, the lamina boat-shaped, at length 

 deciduous; spadix inappendicnlate, much shorter than the 



Syngoni tun continued. 



spathe ; peduncles fascicled or solitary, short. Leaves 

 petiolate; primary ones sagittate; adults pedately three 

 to nine-cut ; petioles elongated ; sheaths persistent, 

 accrescent. The species introduced are described below. 

 They are easily grown in a house where a high tem- 

 perature and a moist atmosphere are maintained. An 

 open compost of loam and peat, or leaf mould, to which 

 some coarse sand should be added, is best ; the plants 

 are not, however, very fastidious regarding soil. Plenty 

 of water and frequent syringings are essential in the 

 summer or growing season ; and no more shade should be 

 applied than is requisite to keep the leaves from scorching. 

 Propagated easily by dividing the stems into lengths con- 

 sisting of about three joints, and inserting them in pots, 

 in a brisk heat. These soon become established, and make 

 new growth at the top. Any old plants which get too high 

 for the house they occupy may have their tops cut off 

 and inserted as large cuttings: these soon re-establish 

 themselves. 



S. afflno (related). /., spathe green, the lamina yellowish within ; 

 peduncles very numerous, two to seven from one axil, slender, 

 nearly equalling the spathe. I. acute ; anterior lobes oblong- 

 triangular ; posterior ones trisected, sub-auriciilate or auricnlate ; 

 petioles twice or thrice as long as the leaves, sheathed above the 

 middle. Brazil. SYN. S. gracile. 



S. auritum (eared). Five Fingers. JL, spathe tube purplish, 

 cylindrical, the lamina ovate-oblong, shortly cuspidate, purplish 



at throat, the rest yellow ; peduncles short. I. three or nearly 

 five-cut ; middle segment largest, broadly ovate-oblong, rounded 

 and shortly cuneate towards the base ; lateral segments inequi- 



lateral, falcate-oblong, auriculate. Branches green. Jamaica. 

 S. gracile (slender). A synonym of S. a/uie. 

 S. podophyllum albo-lineatum (foot-leaved, white-lined). 

 Jl., spathe tube oblong-ovoid, the lamina cuspidul.ite; peduncles 

 many. I. at first sagittate ; adults consisting of five to seven 

 distant, oblong-lanceolate, acute segments ; midrib and lateral 

 nerves whitish ; petioles elongated. Central America. Srjr. 

 S. Seemanni. 

 S. Seemanni (Seemann's). A synonym of S. podophyllum albo* 



lineatum. 



S. Vellozianum (Velloz'). /., spathe tube green, ovate, acumi- 

 nate, the limb pale yellowish green outside, whitish-green 

 within ; peduncles many, rather Ions, slender, t. at first rather 

 broadly sagittate ; petioles scarcely longer than the blade, 

 sheathed above the middle. Young branches slender. Rio de 

 Janeiro. S. Reidelianum is a form of this species with an oblong 

 spathe tube, and shorter peduncles. 



S. Wendlandii (Wendland's). ., spathe tube rnther shorter 

 than the oblong-lanceolate, cuspidate-acuminate lamina ; spadix 

 one-sixth shorter than the spathe ; peduncle equalling the spathe 

 tube. I. rather longer than the petioles, trisected, the segments 

 oblong-lanceolate ; young leaves sagittate. Caudex ascending ; 

 internodes green. Costa Rica. 



SYNGRAMME. Included under Gymnogramme. 

 SYNNETIA. See Synnotia. 



SYNNOTIA (named in honour of W. Synnot, who 

 collected many plants at the Cape of Good Hope). Erro- 

 neously spelt Synnetia. OBD. Irideas. A small genus 

 (three species) of pretty, greenhouse, bulbous plants, 

 natives of South Africa. Flowers rather large, sessile- ; 

 perianth funnel-shaped, with erecto-patent, unequal lobes ; 

 stamens affixed at base of throat ; spathes scattered at 

 the sides of the stem, rather broad, cut or fimbriate- 

 toothed at apex, one-flowered. Leaves few, flat, linear- 

 ensiform, flaccid. Stem simple or very slightly branched. 

 Propagation is readily effected by seeds; or by offsets, 

 which are freely produced. Seeds should be .sown in 

 pans of sandy soil, about September, and placed in a 

 cool frame. The young plants may remain in the seed- 

 pans for the first year, when they should be either 

 potted singly or planted out. Three or four years 

 elapse before they flower. Propagation by. offsets is 

 a much quicker method, as the plants then generally 

 flower the second year. Synnotias, cultivated as pot 

 plants, are adapted for conservatory and cool greenhouse 

 decoration, in spring, The bulbs should be potted rather 

 firmly, in sandy loam and leaf soil, during October, 

 placing about six or eight in a 5in. pot, and covering 



