THE LONG REINS. 177 



until he goes equally well on both. The reader 

 need only see this method of driving on foot 

 practically demonstrated, to recognise its immense 

 utility, and to acknowledge the fact that it 

 entirely does away with any necessity for the 

 objectionable process of lunging (see page 64).' 



American horse-tamers use the long reins, 

 without the standing martingale or driving pad, 

 and pass them through rings on a specially 

 prepared surcingle, through the shaft tugs of 

 ordinary single harness, or through the irons of 

 stirrup leathers. Men who try to mouth horses in 

 this manner, are apt to fail to teach their pupils to 

 bend their necks to the rein, and, at the same 

 time, to go up to the bridle ; for the animal thus 

 instructed, will always be liable to resist the action 

 of the mouth-piece by chucking up his head and 

 getting the mouth-piece off the bars, and on to 

 the corners of the mouth. In breaking for 

 harness, and, especially, for fast trotting on level 

 ground, the necessity for teaching the horse to 



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