256 ILLUSTRATED HORSE-BREAKING, 



Pawing at night. I have prevented the practice 

 of this vice by employing a spancel (coupling strap) 

 to connect the animal's fore-legs together, so as to 

 give him freedom to lie down, but not to paw. 

 The use of this strap would, no doubt, in time, 

 cure the vice. 



Pawing back the litter. I note that a corre- 

 spondent, replying to a query, in the Field, as to 

 some means of stopping this practice, which causes 

 the horse to sleep, more or less, on the bare floor, 

 states that connecting the fore-legs in the manner 

 I have just described, will accomplish the object in 

 view, and, after a few repetitions, will wean the 

 animal from the habit. 



Rubbing the tail. Although this vice comes more 

 within the province of the veterinary surgeon, than 

 within that of the breaker, a few remarks on it may 

 not, here, be out of place. Mr. D. C. Pallin, 

 A. V. D., who is a thorough good authority on all 



