i S4 GLOSSARY 



Scale-like (leaf). A small and short leaf, the apex of which 

 usually overlaps the base of the one next above it, like 

 the scale of a fish, as in Fig. 5. 



Scaly (bark). With flattish raised areas, especially when 

 the edges are somewhat separated from the bark be- 

 neath, as in Fig. 170. 



Shield-shaped. A somewhat circular or angular structure 

 with its supporting stalk attached to one of the flat 

 surfaces instead of to the edge. 



Shoot. A stem and its leaves collectively considered. 



Shreddy. With the edges of the scales or plates appearing 

 as if frayed into shreds, as in Fig. 50. 



Side veins. Veins branching from a midrib. 



Simple (leaf). With only one blade, as in Figs. 47, 49, 173, 

 1 86. 



Smooth. Neither rough nor hairy. 



Spine. A sharp and slender stiff point. 



Spiny. Having spines. 



Stamens. The slender, usually stalked, structures sur- 

 rounding the pistil of a flower. The box-like portion 

 at the top is the anther in which the pollen is produced. 



Stipules. Two small leaf-like bodies at the base of a leaf- 

 stalk, as in Fig. 86. Commonly absent. 



Symmetrical. Even-sided; one side essentially like the 

 other, as in Fig. 146. 



Taper-pointed. With a somewhat elongated point, es- 

 pecially when the margins below it are concave, as the 

 apex of Fig. 84. 



Teeth. Small projections along the margin, as in Fig. 100. 



Terminal bud. A bud situated at the end of a stem or 

 branch. 



Thorn. A stiff woody sharp-pointed structure. 



