192 The Art of Landscape Gardening 



Perhaps there is no form better calculated for con- 

 venience of habitation than a house consisting of one 

 or more of these courts, provided the dimensions are 

 such as to admit free circulation of air, because, in 

 such a house, the apartments are all easily connected 

 with each other, and may have a passage of communi- 

 cation for servants from every part. Of this kind are 

 the old palaces at Hampton Court and St. James's, of 

 Penshurst and Knowle in Kent, Warwick Castle, and 

 various other ancient mansions. 



No. 2. Houses of the next form I consider as of 

 later date, although, from the various subsequent alter- 

 ations, it is difficult to define their original shapes : 

 they seem to have had one side of the quadrangle 

 opened, and thus the line of communication being 

 cut off, this sort of house becomes less commodious 

 in proportion to the length of its projecting sides. Of 

 this description were Cobham Hall and Cashiobury, 

 to both of which have been judiciously added square 

 courts of offices, under the direction of Mr. James 

 Wyatt. 



No. 3 is a form introduced in the reign of James I, 

 with the quadrangle so small that it is often damp 

 and dark; of this kind are Crewe, Hill Hall, Gay- 

 hurst, and Culford ; although the latter has been mod- 

 ernised and changed to the form. No. 7. Houses of 

 this shape may sometimes be greatly improved by 

 covering the inner court entirely, and converting it 

 into a hall of communication ; this I advised at Sarsden, 

 a house of later date. The offices are generally attached 

 to the side of these houses. In mansions of the fore- 

 going three descriptions, a mixture of Grecian with 

 Gothic is often observed, particularly in those repaired 

 by Inigo Jones. 



