Chap. XXIII.] 



THAINING. 



395 



branch when young, and was at B ; then it wa.s lowered to C, next 

 year to D, and finally to it.s 

 horizontal position. Some care 

 is required to make the bend 

 of the shoots equal and gently 

 rounded. If the tree is trained 

 on a wire trellis, it is best 

 before it becomes necessary to 

 bend the shoots, to place two 

 bent rods in the exact position 

 desired. They must be fixed 

 at exactly equal distances from 

 the main stem, and be equal 

 in curvature. It is then an 

 easy matter to attach to them 

 the growing shoot, which will 

 soon harden to the desired 

 bend. Against a wall it may 

 be readily directed with shreds 

 and nails; if the wall be wired, 

 bent twigs may be applied, as 

 on the trellis. Like care should 

 be bestowed upon the other 

 bends, as they require to be 

 made ; but of course the outer 

 and lower one is of the greatest 

 importance. As this form is 

 not at all presentable if the 

 outer branches be^incomplete, 

 grafting by approach is some- 

 times employed to repair any 

 such defect. 



This mode of training is too 

 little practised in our country, 

 and being applicable to 



many forms of training, I can />„,;;....•,,. y, ;,/,,, 



strongly recommend it, having 



frequently witnessed the good ellects produced by carrying it out 

 carefully. 



