454 THE PARKS AND GARDENS OF PARIS. [Chap. XXV. 



strong twine- -is passed through the little hooks, fastened at hoth 

 ends of the wall into the strong iron nails, and then made tight 

 with the raidisseur. The wires remain at about the distance of 

 half an inch or three quarters from the wall. If we consider the 

 expense of the shreds and nails ; the destroying of the surface of 

 the walls by the nails, and the leaving of numerous holes for 

 vermin to take refuge in ; the great annual labour of nailing, and 

 the miserable work it is in our cold winters, it will be admitted 

 that a change is wanted badly. This system of wiring a wall 

 above described is simple, cheap, almost everlasting, and excellent 



I 



^ I 



I 



Mode of arrangbig Wires on Walls for training F^-uit-trces with Vertical or Horizontal Branches. 

 A, Position of Raidisseur ; B, Nails with eyes, thro7Jgh which the Wire is passed. 



in every particular ; and before many years elapse these advan- 

 tages must force it into universal adoption in our fruit-gardens. 

 A man may do as much work in one day along a wall wired 

 thus as he could do in six days with the nail and shred. Since 

 the publication of the first edition of this book various houses 

 took up the idea and have wired many garden-walls in the 

 way above described, in many cases effecting improvements in 

 details. Given a concrete wall (as described elsewhere in this 

 book), smoothly plastered, and wired thus, fruit-trees could 

 not, in a northern country, be in a more excellent position. The 

 temporary coping taken off after all danger from frost had past, 

 every leaf would be under the refreshing influence of the summer- 



