32 LIGAMENTS AND MUSCLES OF THE HORSE. 



1. Erector Coccygis. 



Origin. —From the sides and summits of the sacral spines. 

 Insertion. — To the upper surface of the coccygeal vertebra?. 

 Actio7i.— -Both elevate the tail ; acting separately, incline it to 

 one side, and also elevate it. 



2. Depressor Coccygis. 



Origin. — From the inferior surface of the sacrum as far forward 



as the 3rd foraDien. 

 Insertion — To the inferior surface of the coccygeal vertebrae. 

 Action. —Depression or lateral movement of tail. 



3. CuRvAToR Coccygis. 



Origin. — From the last two lumbar spines and sacral spines. 

 Insertion.— To the sides of the coccygeal bones. 

 Action. — Lateral inclination of the tail. 



4. Compressor Coccygis. 



07'igin.— From the sacro-sciatic ligament and ischiatic ridge. 

 l7isertion.— To the last sacral and first two coccygeal bones. 

 Action. — It depresses the tail. 



FACIAL REGION. 



1. Orbicularis oris. 7. Levator labii superioris alaegue 



2. Zygomaticus. nasi. 



3. Levator labii superioris 8. Dilatator naris lateralis, 

 propius (nasalis longus.) 9. " " superior 



i. Depressor labii inferioris. 10. " " transversal is. 



5. Levator menti. 11. " " inferior. 



6. Buccinator. 12. Dej^ressor lahii superioris. 



Orbicularis Oris. 

 This muscle is arranged in the form of a sphincter, its fibres 



circumscribing the opening of the mouth in an elliptical 



manner. 

 Action — To close the lips. 



