58 PAPAVEKACE^. ( POPPY FAMILY.) 



* Petals 8-12, not crumpled in the bud, white. Pod 1-celled, 2-valved. 



1. Sanguinaria. Petals white. Leaves and 1-flowered scape from a short rootstock. 



* * Petals 4, crumpled iu the bud. Pod 2-valved or more. 



•t- Pod 2-4-valved, the valves separating to the base from the placentas. Leaves pinnately 



parted. Flowers yellow. 



2. Stylophorum. Pod bristly; stjde distinct ; stigmas and placentas 3-4. 



3. Chelidoniiim. Pod linear, smooth ; style almost none ; stigmas and placentas 2. 



4. Glaucium. Pod rough, long-linear, 2-ceIled by a spongy partition ; style none. 



-t- -I- Pod 4- 20-valved, dehiscent only at the top or to the middle. 



5. Papaver. Ovary inconipletely many-celled ; stigmas united into a radiate sessile 



crown. 



6. Argeinone. Stigmas (sessile) and placentas 4 - 6. Pod and leaves prickly. 



1. SANGUINARIA, Dill. Blood-root. 



Sepals 2. Petals 8-12, spatulate-oblong, the inner narrower. Stamens 

 about 24. Style short ; stigma 2-grooved. Tod oblong, turgid, 1-celled, 2- 

 valved. Seeds with a large crest. — A low perennial, with thick prostrate 

 premorse rootstocks, surcharged with red-orange acrid juice, sending up in 

 earliest spring a rounded palmate-lobed leaf, and a 1-flowered naked scape. 

 Flower white, handsome, the bud erect, the petals not crumpled. (Name 

 from the color of the juice.) 



1. S. Canadensis, L. — Open rich woods ; common. April, May. 



2. STYLOPHORUM, Nutt. Celaxdixe Poppy. 



Sepals 2, hairy. Petals 4. Style distinct, columnar; stigma 2-4-lobed. 

 Pods bristly, 2-4-valved to the base. Seeds conspicuously crested. — Peren- 

 nial low herbs, with stems naked below and oppositely 2-leaved, or sometimes 

 1 - 3-leaved, and umbellately 1 - few-flowered at the summit ; the flower-buds 

 and the pods nodding. Leaves pinnately parted or divided. Juice yellow. 

 (From (TTvXos, stt/le, and 0epa», to bear, one of the distinctive characters.) 



1. S. diphyllum, Nutt. Leaves pale or glaucous beneath, smoothish, 

 deeply pinnatifid into 5 or 7 oblong sinuate-lobed divisions, and the root-leaves 

 often with a pair of smaller and distinct leaflets ; peduncles equalling the 

 petioles ; flower deep yellow (2' broad) ; stigmas 3 or 4 ; pod oval. — Damp 

 woods, W. Penn. to Wise, and Tenn. May. — Foliage and flower resembling 

 Celandine. 



3. CHELIDONIUM, L. Celaxdixe. 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens 16-24. Style nearly none ; stigma 2-lobed. 

 Pod linear, slender, smooth, 2-valved, the valves opening from the bottom up- 

 ward. Seeds crested. — Biennial herb with brittle stems, saffron-colored acrid 

 juice, pinnately divided or 2-pinnatifid and toothed or cut leaves, and small 

 yellow flowers in a pedunculate umbel ; buds nodding. (Ancient Greek name 

 from x^-'^'Swj', the swallow, because its flowers appear with the swallows.) 



C. mXjus, L. (Celaxdixe.) Waste grounds near dwellings. May -Aug. 

 (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. GLAUCIUM, Tourn. Horx-Poppt. 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Style none ; stigma 2-lobed or 2-horned. Pod very 

 long and linear, completely 2-celled by a spongy false partition ; seeds crest- 



