64 CRUCIFER^. (mustard FAMILY.) 



pods not torulose, oblong to linear (6-15'' long); style short. — S. Ind. to 

 Tenn. and Mo. 



2. L. toruldsa, Gray. Similar, but pods torulose even when young, 

 linear; style 1-2" long; seeds acutely margined rather than winged ; petals 

 emargiuate. — Barrens of Ky. and Tenn. 



3. DEN TAR I A, Tourn. Toothwort. Pepper-root. 



Pod lanceolate, flat, as in Cardamine. Style elongated. Seeds in one row, 

 wingless, the stalks broad and flat. Cotyledons petioled, thick and very une- 

 qual, their margins somewhat infolding each other. — Perennials, of damp 

 woodlands, with long, horizontal, fleshy, sometimes interrupted, scaly or 

 toothed rootstocks, of a pleasant pungent taste ; the simple stems leafless be- 

 low, bearing 2 or 3 petioled compound leaves about or above the middle, and 

 terminated by a single corymb or short raceme of large Avhite or purple flow- 

 ers. Flowers larger, pods broader, and seeds larger than is usual in Carda- 

 mine. (Name from dens, a tooth.) 



* Rootstoclc elongated ; leaves 3-foliolate. 



1. D. diph^lla, L. Rootstock long and continuous, often branched, 

 toothed; stem-leaves 2, similar to the radical ones, close together; leaflets 

 rhombic-ovate or oblong-ovate, shortly petiolate, coarsely crenate, the teeth 

 abruptly acute; petals white. — Kich woods, Maine to Minn, and Ky. May. 

 — Eootstocks 5-10' long, crisp, tastiug like Water-Cress. 



* * Rootstock tuberous, more or less monUiform ; leaves 3-foliolate or 3-parted. 



2. D. laciniata, Muhl. Tubers deep-seated, usually not jointed nor 

 prominently tubercled ; root-leaves often none ; stem-leaves 3-parted, the lat- 

 eral segments often 2-lobed, all broadly oblong to linear, more or less gash- 

 toothed ; flowers wliite or rose-color. — N. Eng. to Minn., Kan., and southward. 

 April, May. — Var. MULxfriDA, a slender form with the narrowly linear seg- 

 ments usually more or less divided into linear lobes. (D. multifida, Muhl.) 

 Southward, scarcely if at all within our limits. 



3. D. heteroph;^lla, Nutt. Tubers near the surface, jointed, narroAvly 

 oblong or thick-clavate, prominently tubercled ; leaves 3-foliolate, the leaflets 

 distinctlv petiolate, oblong-lanceolate to linear, entire to rather deeply crenate, 

 rarely laciniate or lobed ; root-leaves Avith ovate or lanceolate and usually lobed 

 leaflets. — Penn. to Ky. and southward. Blooming a little later than the last. 



4. D. maxima, Nutt. Tubers jointed, strongly tubercled ; stem-leaves 

 usually alternate, 3-foliolate ; leaflets ovate or oblong-ovate, coarsely toothed 

 and somewhat cleft or lobed. — Vt. to western N. Y. and Penn. May. 



4. CARDAMINE, Tourn. Bitter Cress. 



Pod linear, flattened, usually opening elastically from the base ; the valves 

 nerveless and veinless, or nearly so ; placentas and partition thick. Seeds in 

 a single row in each cell, wingless ; their stalks slender. Cotyledons accum- 

 bent, flattened, equal or nearly so, petiolate. — Mostly glabrous perennials, 

 leafy-stemmed, growing along watercourses and in wet places. Flowers 

 white or purple. (A Greek name, in Dioscorides, for some cress, from itp 

 cordial or cardiacal qualities.) 



