ROSACEil!:. (UOSK FAMILY.) 155 



lanceolate, acnte at both ends, coarsely doubly serrate, thin, smooth ; peduncle 

 1 -3-flowered. — Wooded liillsides, Lab. to N. J., west to Minn, and Iowa. Se- 

 pals and petals often 6 or 7. This appears to be more proj>erly a blackberry, 

 •t- -t- Stems biennial and wood I/, prick-Ii/ ; receptacle oNonj ; fruit hemispherical. 



5. R. Strigdsus, Michx. (Wild Red TIasi'I?ekrv.) Stems upright, 

 and with the stalks, etc., heset ivith stiff' straight bristles (or a few becoming 

 weak hooked prickles), glandular when young, somewhat glaucous; leaflets 

 3-5, oblong-ovate, pointed, cut-serrate, whitish-downy underneath, the lateral 

 ones sessile; petals as long as the sepals; fruit lir/ht red. — "^rhickets and hills. 

 Lab. to N. J., and south in the niountaius to N. C, west to Minn, and Mo. 



6. B,. oecident^is, L. (Black RAsrnERKv. TiiiMnLEnKuuv.) 

 Glaucous all orer ; slems recurved , armed like the stalks, etc., with hooked 

 prickles, not bristli/ ; leaflets 3 (rarely 5), ovate, ])ointed, coarsely doubly ser- 

 rate, whitened-downy uudcrneath, the lateral ones somewhat sUilked; petals 

 shorter than the sepals; fruit purple-black (rarely a wliitish variety), ripe early 

 in July. — Common, especially nortlnvard. — An apparent liybrid (R. neglcc- 

 tus. Peck) between this and the last species occurs, with characters intermedi- 

 ate between the two, and growing witli tliera. 



§ 2. Fruit, or collective drupes, not separatinr/ from the juicy prolonged recep- 

 tacle, viosth/ ovate or oblong, blackish; stems prickhj and flowers white. — 

 Blackberry. 



7. R. vill6sus, Ait. (Common or High Blackberry.) Shrubby (1-6° 

 high), furrowed, upright or reclining, armed with stout curved ])rickles ; branch- 

 lets, stalks, and lower surface of the leaves hairy and glandular ; leaflets 3 (or 

 pedately 5), ovate, pointed, unequally serrate, the terminal ones somewliat 

 heart-shaped, conspicuously stalked ; flowers raccmed, numerous ; bracts short; 

 sepals linear-pointed, mucli sliorter than the obovate-oblong spreatling petals. 

 — Borders of thickets, etc., common, and very variable in size, aspect, and 

 sliape of fruit. — Var. froxd6sus, Torr., is smoother and mucli less glan- 

 dular, with flowers more corymbose, leafy bracts and roundish petals. With 

 the type, more common at the north. — Var. iiuMirt'sus, Torr. & Gray, is 

 smaller and trailing, with peduncles few-flowered. More common southward, 

 and connecting Avith the next species. 



8. R. Canadensis, L. (Loav Blackberry. Dewberry.) Shrubby, 

 extensively trailing, slightly prickly ; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5-7), oval or ovate- 

 lanceolate, mostly pointed, thin, nearly smooth, sharjjly cut-serrate; flowers 

 racemed, Avith leaf-like bracts. — Dry fields, common; Newf. to Va., west to 

 central Minn, and E. Kan. 



9. R. hispidus, L. (Running Swamp-Blackberry.) Stems slender, 

 scarcely woody, extensively procumbent, beset with small reflexcd prickles ; leaf- 

 lets 3 (or rarely pedately 5), smooth, thickish, mostly persistent, obovato, obtuse, 

 coarsely serrate, entire toward the base; peduncles leafless, several flowered, 

 of en bristly ; flowers small; fruit of few grains, black. — In low woods or 

 swampy gnissv ground, N. Scotia to Ga., we.st to Minn, and E. Kan. 



10. R. cuneifolius, Pursh. (Sand Blackberry.) Shrubby (1-3° 

 high), u})right, armed with .'itout recurved prickles , branchlets and lower side of 

 the leaves whitish-woolly; leaflets 3-5, wodge-olwvate, thickisli, serrate above; 



