156 ROSACEA, (rose family.) 



peduncles 2 - 4-flowered ; petals large. — Sandy woods, southern N. Y. and 

 Penn. to Fla., west to Mo. and La. 



11. R. trivialis, Michx. (Low BuSH-BLACKBERRr.) Shrubby, procum- 

 bent, bristly and prickly ; leaves evergreen, coriaceous, nearly glabrous ; leaflets 

 3 (or pedately 5), oA'ate-oblong or lanceolate, sharply serrate; peduncles 1-3- 

 flowered ; petals large. — Sandy soil, Va. to Fla., west to Mo. and Tex. 



6. DAIilBARDA, L. 



Calyx deeply 5-6-parted, 3 of the divisions larger and toothed. Petals 5, 

 sessile, deciduous. Stamens many. Ovaries 5 - 10, becoming nearly dry seed- 

 like drupes; styles terminal, deciduous. — Low perennials, with creeping and 

 densely tufted stems or rootstocks, and roundish-heart-shaped crenate leaves 

 on slender petioles. Flowers 1 or 2, white, on scape-like peduncles. (Named 

 in honor of Thomas Dalibard, a French botanist of the time of Linnaeus.) 



1. D. ripens, L. Downy; sepals spreading in the flower, converging 

 and enclosing the fruit. — Wooded banks ; common northward. Juue-xVug. 

 — Li aspect and foliage resembling a stemless Violet. 



7. GEUM, L. AvENs. 



Calyx bell-shaped or flattish, deeply 5-cleft, usually with 5 small bractlets at 

 the sinuses. Petals 5. Stamens many. Achenes numerous, heaped on a coni- 

 cal or cylindrical dry receptacle, the long persistent styles forming hairy or 

 naked and straight or jointed tails. Seed erect; radicle inferior. — Perennial 

 herbs, with pinnate or lyrate leaves. (A name used by Pliny, of unknown 

 meaning.) 

 § 1. GEUM proper. Styles Jointed and bent near the middle, the upper part 



deciduous and mostly hairy, the lower naked and hooked, becoming elongated ; 



head of fruit sessile in the calyx ; calyx-lobes refexed. 



* Petals white or pale greenish-yelloic, small, spatulate or oblong ; stiptdes small. 



1. G. album, Gmelin. Smoothish or softly pubescent; stem slender (2° 

 liigh) ; root-leaves of 3 - 5 leaflets, or simple and rounded, with a few minute 

 leaflets on the petiole below ; those of the stem 3-divided or lobed, or only 

 toothed ; hairs upon the long slender peduncles ascending or spreading ; recep- 

 tacle of the fruit densely bristly-hirsute. — Borders of woods, etc.; common. 

 May - Aug. 



2. G. Virginianum, L. Bristly-hairy, especially the stout stem ; lower 

 and root-leaves pinnate, very various, the upper mostly 3-parted or divided, 

 incised ; petals inconspicuous, shorter than the calyx ; heads of fruit larger, 

 on short stout peduncles hirsute with reflexed hairs ; receptacle glabrous or 

 nearly so. — Borders of woods and low grounds; common. June -Aug. 



* * Petals golden-yellow, conspicuous, broadly-obovate, exceeding the calyx ; 



stipides larger and all deeply cut. 



3. G. macrophyllum, Willd. Bristly-hairy, stout (l - 3° high) ; root- 

 leaves lyrately and interruptedly pinnate, with the terminal leaflet very large 

 and round-heart-shaped; lateral leaflets of the stem-leaves 2-4, minute, the 

 terminal roundish, 3-cleft, the lobes icedge-form and rounded ; receptacle nearly 

 naked. — N. Scotia and N. Eng. to Minn., Mo., and westward. June. (Eu.) 



