204 UMBELLIFER^. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 



1. C. glomeratUS, Kaf. Low (3-8'), with a short erect caudex bearing 

 leaves and peduncles at the summit, glabrous ; rays and pedicels very short, 

 making a compact cluster; involucre none; involucel of a single palmately 5-7- 

 parted bractlet ; fruit globose (3 - 4'' in diam.) ; wings rather corky ; oil-tubes 4 or 

 5 in the intervals. — Minn, and Wise, to Iowa and Ark., and westward. 



2. C. montknus, Torr. & Gray. Of similar habit (1-6' high), glaucous 

 and mostly glabrous ; raijs 3 - 9" long, pedicels very short ; involucre and invo^ 

 lucels of mostly broad membranaceous usualli/ green-veined bracts (more or less 

 united); fruit oblong to orbicular in outline (3-6" long); wings thin; oil- 

 tubes 1-3 in the intervals. — Neb. to central Kan., Tex., and westward. April. 



11. THASPIUM, Nutt. Meadow-Farsxip. 



Calyx-teetli conspicuous. Fruit ovoid to oblong, slightly flattened dorsally ; 

 carpel with 3 or 4 or all the ribs strongly winged ; oil-tubes solitary in the 

 intervals, 2 on the commissure. Stylopodium wanting; styles long. — Per- 

 ennials (2-5° high), with ternately divided leaves (or the lower simple) 

 and broad serrate or toothed leaflets, mostly yellow flowers, and all the fruit 

 pedicelled. (Name a play upon Thapsia, so called from the island of Thapsus.) 



1. T. aiireum, Nutt. Glabrous; root-leaves mostlij cordate, serrate ; stem- 

 leaves simply ternate (rarely biternate) ; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, round or 

 tapering at base, serrate ; flowers deep yellow ; fruit globose-ovoid, about 2" 

 long, a// the ribs equally icinged. — Thickets and woodlands, throughout the 

 Atlantic States and west into the Miss. Valley. Fl. in summer and maturing 

 fruit in late summer or autumn. Very variable, an extreme form being 



Var. trifoliatum, Coult. & Rose. Leaves or leaflets crenate or crenately 

 toothed. (T. trifoliatum, Gray, Man., in part.) — Ohio to 111., westward to 

 Oregon. The common western form. 



Var. atropurpureum, Coult. & Rose. Petals dark-purple. (T. tri- 

 foliatum, var. atropurpureum. Gray, Man.) — Same range as the species. 



2. T. barbinbde, Nutt. Loosely branched, /?«6esce??^ on ^Aejo/w^s, some- 

 times puberulent in the umbels ; leaves 1 -3-ternate ; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, 

 acute, Avith cuneate base, coarsely cut-serrate, often ternately cleft or parted ; 

 flowers light yellow ; fruit broadly oblong, about 3" long and 2" broad, with 



mostly 7 prominent wings. — Banks of streams, N. Y. to Minn., and southward. 

 May- June. — Var. angustif6lium, Coult. & Rose, has narrower, more sharply 

 cut leaflets, and fruit more or less puberulent. — Penn. to 111. 



3. T. pinnatifidum, Gray. Resembling the last, but puberident on the 

 branchlets, umbels, and fruit, with fewer leaves ; leaflets 1 - 2-pinnatifd, the lobes 

 linear or oblong ; one or two leaves near the base often very large and long- 

 petioled; flowers light yellow; fruit oblong, l^-2|"long and 1-1|" broad, 

 all the ribs winged, generally three of them narrowly so. (T. Walteri, Shuttlew. 

 in herb.) — Barrens and mountains, Ky. to Tenn. and N. C. 



12. LIGIJSTICUM, L. Lovage. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong or ovate, flattened laterally if at all, 

 glabrous ; carpels with prominent equal acute ribs and broad intervals ; oil- 

 tubes 2-6 in the intervals, 6- 10 on the commissure. Stylopodium conical. 

 — Smooth perennials, from large aromatic roots, with large ternately com- 



