208 UMBELLIFER.E. (PARSLP^Y FAMILY.) 



1. Z. atirea, Koch. Zea 27^5 (except the uppermost) 2- 3-ferna/e, the radi- 

 cal very long-petioled ; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, sharply serrate ; rays 1 5 - 

 25, stout (1-2' long); fruit oblong, about 1" long. (Thaspium aureum, var. 

 apterum, Grag, Manual.) — Atlantic States, west to Minn, and Tex. 



Var. Bebbii, Coult. & Rose. A more slender mountain form, with leaf- 

 lets more coarsely serrate, the radical leaves smaller and more simple; rays 

 2-8, slender (2-3' long) ; fruit oval, 1 - l^" long. — W. Va. and Va. to Ga. 



2. Z. COrd^ta, DC. Radical leaves mostly long-petioled, cordate or even 

 rounder, crenatelg toothed, very rarely lobed or divided ; stem-leaves simply ter- 

 nate or quinate, with the ovate or lanceolate leaflets serrate, incised, or some- 

 times parted ; fruit ovate, 1^" long. (Thaspium trifoliatum, var. apterum, Gray, 

 Manual.) — Same range as the preceding, but extending farther westward. 



25. CARUM, L. Caraway. 



Calyx-teeth small. Fruit ovate or oblong, glabrous, with filiform or incon- 

 spicuous ribs ; oil-tubes solitary ; stylopodium conical ; seed-face plane or nearly 

 so. — Smooth erect slender herbs,^ Avith fusiform or tuberous roots, pinnate 

 leaves, involucre and involucels of few to many bracts, and white (or yellow- 

 ish) flowers. (Name perhaps from the country, Caria.) 



C. Carui, L. (Caraway.) Leaves pinnately compound, with filiform di- 

 visions. — Naturalized in many ])laces, especially northward. (Nat. from Eu.) 



C. Petroselinum, Benth., the common Parsley, from Europe, with 3- 

 pinnate leaves, ovate 3-cleft leaflets, and greenish yellow flowers, is occasion- 

 ally found as an escape from cultivation. (Petroselinum sativum, Hoffm.) 



26. CI CUT A, L. Water-Hemlock. 



Calyx-teeth prominent. Fruit oblong to nearly orbicular, glabrous, with 

 strong flattish corky ribs (the lateral largest) ; oil-tubes conspicuous, solitary ; 

 stylopodium depressed ; seed nearly terete. — Smooth marsh perennials, very 

 poisonous, with pinnately compound leaves and serrate leaflets, involucre usu- 

 ally none, involucels of several slender bractlets, and white flowers. (The 

 ancient Latin name of the Hemlock.) 



1. C. macul^ta, L. (Spotted Cowbane Musquash Root. Beaver- 

 Poison.) Stem stout, 2-6° high, streaked with purple; leaves 2-3-pinnate, 

 the lower on long petioles ; leaflets lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate (1 - 5' long), 

 acuminate, coarsely serrate, the veins passing to the notches ; pedicels in the 

 umbellets numerous, very unequal; fruit broadly ovate to oval, 1-H" long. 

 — Throughout the U. S. Aug. 



2. C. bulbifera, L. Rather slender, 1-3° high; leaves 2-3-pinnate 

 (sometimes appearing ternate) ; leaflets linear, sparsely toothed (1-2' long); 

 upper axils bearing clustered bulhlets ; fruit (rare) scarcely 1" long.- — Common 

 in swamps, N. Scotia to Del., west to Minn, and Iowa. 



27. JEGOPODIUM, L. Goutweed. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit ovate, glabrous, with equal filiform ribs, and 

 no oil-tubes; stylopodium conical and prominent; seed nearly terete. — A 

 coarse glabrous perennial, with creeping rootstock, biternate leaves, sliarply 

 toothed ovate leaflets, and rather large naked umbels of white flowers. (Name 

 from ai'l, goat, and iro^iov, a little foot, probably from the shape of tlie leaflets.) 



JSj. PodagrXria, L., a common and troublesome weed in Europe, is re' 

 ported from R. I. to Del. and E. Peun. 



