LMHKI.l.IFKK.i-:. (I'Ali.^LllV lA.MlLV.) 211 



* Pericarp thin except at the hroad rorLi/ dorsal tt.nl lateral ribn ; leaves ronntl- 



peltate, crenate ; peduncles as lowj as the petioles, fro ni creeping rootstocks. 



-«- Fruit notched at base and apex ; intermediate rihs corki/. 



1. H. umbell^ta, L. UmUels manij-flown-ed, simple (sometinips pro- 

 liferous) ; pedicels 2-G" long; fruit about 1^" broad, strongly notched, the 

 dorsal ribs proniineut but obtuse. — Mass. to Minn., south to the (iulf. 



2. H. Canbyi, Coult. & Rose. Umbels 3 - ^-flinrercd,grnerallij jiroliferons ; 

 pedicels vcr>/ short, but distinct ; fruit about 2 lines broad : carpels broacler and 

 more flattened than in the preceding, sharper margined, the dorsal and lateral 

 ril)s much more prominent; seed section much narrower. (M. umbellata, var.? 

 ambi^ua, Graj/, Manual). — N. J. to Md. 



•<- •«- Fntit not notched ; intermediate ribs not cork//. 



3. H. vertieill^ta, Thunb. Umbels few-flowered, proliferous, forming 

 an interrupted spike; pedicels very short or none; fruit 1^-2" broad ; dorsal 

 and lateral ribs very prominent. (II. interrupta, Muhl.) — Mass. to Fla. 



» * Pericarp uniformly cork //-thickened and ribs all filiform ; haves not peltate; 



peduncles much shorter than the petioles. 



-»- Fruit small, xrithout secondary ribs or reticulations ; involucre small or none. 



4. H. Americana, L. Stems filiform, branching and creeping ; leaves 

 thin,Tonnd-TemioTm,crenate-lobed and the lobes crenate, sliining; few-flowered 

 umbels axillary and cdmost sessile ; fruit less than 1" broad ; intermediate ribs 

 prominent; no oil-bearing layer; seed-section broadly oval. — Common. 



5. H. ranunculoldes, L. f. Usnall y floating ; leaves thicker, round-reni- 

 form, 3 - 7-cIeft, the lobes crenate; peduncles 1-3' long, refiexed in fruit ; capi- 

 tate umbel 5- 10-flowered ; fruit 1-1|" broad; ribs rather obscure ; seed-sec- 

 tion oblong. — E. Penn. to Fla., thence westward. 



•*- •»- Fruit larger (2-2|" broad), with prominent secondary ribs and reticula- 

 tions; the 2 - 4flou-ered umbel subtended by tu-o conspicuous bracts. 



6. H. Asiatiea, L. Petioles and peduncles (1-2' long) clustered ou 

 creeping stems or runners; leaves ovate-cordate, ropand-toothed, thickish; 

 seed-section narrowly oblong. (II. repanda, Pers.) — Md. to Fla. and Tex. 

 (Widely distributed in the tropics and southern hemisphere.) 



35. ERYNGIUM, T.mrn. Envvr.o. 



Calyx-teeth prominent, rigid and persistent. Stylos slender. Fruit ovate 

 or obovate, covered with little hyaline scales or tubercles, with no ribs, and 

 usually 5 slender oil-cul)es on each carpel. — Chiefly jjerennials, with coriaceous, 

 toothed, cut, or prickly leaves, and blue or white bracted flowers closely sessile 

 in dense heads. (A name used by Dioscorides, of uncertain origin.) 

 * Stout, v.-itli parallel-veined elongated linear thick leaves. 



1. E. yucC9ef61ium, Michx. (Kattlesxake-Master. BiTTOx Snake- 

 root.) Branching above, 1 -G° high ; leaves rigid, tapering to a point (lower 

 sometimes 2-3° long), the margins remotely bristly ; heads ovate-globose {*)" 

 long), with ovate-lanceolate mostl'f entire cuspidate-tipped bracts shorter than 

 the head, and similar bractlets. — Dry or damp soil, N. J. to Mlun., south to 

 Fla. and Tex. July - Sept. 



