coRNACEiV,. (do<]w<)<)I) kamikv.) 21:{ 



flowers short and united. Ovarv 2-5-cellf'd, with a single anatntpoiw ovule 

 suspended from the top of each cell, ripening int<j a berry-like drii|»e, with as 

 many seeds as cells. Embryo minute. — Leaves conij^uund or deiumpound. 

 P'lowers white or greenish, in umbels. Koots (i)erennial), Imrk, fruit, etc., 

 warm and aromatic. (Derivation obscure.) 



§ 1. AKALIA.^ Flowers monceriond 11 poliigamous or perfect, tlie umliels usiialh/ 

 in rori/mbs or panicles ; sti/les and cells of the [black or dark purple) fruit 

 5; stems herbaceous or ivoody ; ultimate divisions of the leaves pinuafe. 



* Umbels numerous in a large compound panicle ; leaves veri/ larr/e, decompound. 



1. A. spin6sa, L. (Angelica-tree. Hercules' Cliij.) Shrub, or a 

 loiv tree ; the stout stem and stalks prickli/ ; leaflets ovate, jjtiinted, serrate, pale 

 beneath. — River-banks, Penn. to Ind., and south to the Gulf. July, Aug. 



2. A. raeeni6sa, L. (Spikenard.) Herbaceous ; stem ivideli/ branched ; 

 leaflets heart-orate, pointed, doubly serrate, slightly downy; umbels racemose; 

 sti/les united. — Rich woodlands, N. Brunswick to ■Nlinn., south to tiie moun- 

 tains of Ga. July. Well known for its spicy -aromatic large roots. 



* * Umbt-ls 2-7, cori/mbed ; stem short, somca-hat u-oodi/. 



3. A. hispida, Vent. (Bristly Sarsaparii.la. Wili> Elder.) Stem 

 (1 -2° high) brisfli/, leaf/, terminating in a peduncle bearing several umbels; 

 leaves twice pinnate ; leaflets oblong-ovate, acute, cut-serrate. — Kocky and 

 sandy places, Newf. to Dak., south to the mountains of N. C. June. 



4. A. nudicaulis, L. (Wild Sarsaparilla.) Stem scarcely rising out 

 of the ground, smooth, bearing a single long-stalked leaf (1° high) and a shorter 

 naked scape, with 2-7 umbels; leaflets ol>long-ovate or oval, ])ointcd, .serrate, 

 5 on each of the 3 divisions. — Moist woodlands; range of u. 3. May, June. 

 The long horizontal aromatic roots a substitute for officiual Sarsaparilla. 



§ 2. GINSENG. Flowers diceciously polygamous ; styles and cells of the red or 

 reddish fruit 2 or 3; stem herbaceous, low, simple, bearing a whorl of 3 pal- 

 mately 3-7 foliolate leaves, and a simple umbel on a slender peduncle. 



5. A. quinquefdlia, Decsne. & rianch. (Ginseng.) Root large and 

 spindle-shaped, often forked [-i-^' long, 2iYon\xt\<:) ; stein l°high; leajUts long- 

 stalked , mostly 5, large and thin, obovate-oblong, pointed; styles mostly 2; 

 fruit bright red. — Rich and cool woods, Vt. and W. Conn, to Minn., soutli to 

 the mountains of Ga. July. 



6. A, trifdlia, Decsne. & Planch. (Dwarf Ginseng. Ground-nut.) 

 Root or tuber globular, deep iu the ground (pungent to the taste, not aromatic) ; 

 stems 4-8' high ; leaflets 3 -5, sessile at the summit of the leafstalk, narrowly 

 oblong, obtuse; styles usually 3; fruit yellowish. — Rich woods, N. Scotia to 

 Minn., soutii to Ga. April, May. 



Order 50. COKNACE^l^. (Dogwood Fa.mii.y.) 



Shrubs or trees (rarely herbaceous), with opposite or alternate simple leaves, 

 the calyx-tube coherent with the l-'l-ceUed ovary, its limb yninute, the petals 

 (valvate in the bud) and as many stamens borne on the mar(/in of an epigy- 

 notts disk in the perfect flowers ; style one : a single anatropous ovule hang- 

 ing from the top of the cell; the fruit a l-2-seeded drupe; embrno nearly 



