244 coMPOSiTiE. (composite family.) 



scales, more or less dilated and united at base. — A diffusely much-branched 

 annual, with heads solitary on the brauchlets ; otherwise as Gutierrezia. (From 

 a/x<pi, around, and axvpoi/, chaff.) 



1. A. dracunculoides, Nutt. Eather low, slender; leaves narrowly 

 linear, the ujjper filiform ; disk-flowers 10-20, their pappus of 5-8 bristle-like 

 chaff united at base and slightly dilated upward. — Plains, Kan. and southward. 



12. GRINDELIA, Willd. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate (or rayless) ; ray pistillate. Scales of the 

 hemispherical involucre imbricated in several series, with slender more or less 

 spreading green tips. Achenes short and thick, compressed or turgid; trun- 

 cate, glabrous; pappus of 2-8 caducous awns. Coarse perennial or biennial 

 herbs, often resinous-viscid, ours glabrous and leafy with sessile or clasping 

 alternate and spinulose-serrate or laciniate rigid leaves, and large heads ter- 

 minating leafy branches. Lisk and ray yellow. (Prof. Grindel, a Russian 

 botanist.) 



1 . G. squarrosa, Dunal. Leaves spatulate- to linear-oblong ; involucre 

 squarrose ; achenes not toothed ; pappus-awns 2 or 3. — Prairies, Minn., 

 southward and westward ; Evanston, 111. — Var. nijda, Gray. Rays wanting. 

 About St. Louis and westward. 



2. G. lanceolata, Nutt. Leaves lanceolate or linear ; involucral scales 

 erect or the lower tips spreading ; achenes with 1 or 2 short teeth at the sum- 

 mit; awns 2. — Prairies, eastern Kan. to Ark., and southward. 



13. HETEROTHECA, Cass. 



Characters as in Chrysopsis, but the aclienes of the ray thickish or trian- 

 gular, without pappus or obscurely crowned, and those of the disk compressed, 

 with a double pappus, the inner of numerous long bristles, the outer of many 

 short and stout bristles. — (From eVepos. dfferent, and ^tj/ctj, case, alluding to 

 the unlike achenes.) 



L H. Lam^rekii, Cass. Annual or biennial, 1 -3° high, bearing numer- 

 ous small heads ; leaves oval or oblong, the lower with petioles auricled at 

 base, the upper mostly subcordate-clasping. — S. E. Kan., and southv.ard. 



14. CHRYSOPSIS, Nutt. Golden Aster. 



Heads many -flowered, radiate; the rays numerous, pistillate. Involucral 

 scales linear, imbricated, without herbaceous tips. Receptacle flat. Achenes 

 obovate or linear-oblong, flattened, hairy ; pappus in all the flowers double, the 

 outer of very short and somewhat chaffy bristles, the inner of long capillary 

 bristles. — Chiefly perennial, low herbs, woolly or hairy, with rather large often 

 corymbose heads terminating the branches. Disk and ray-flowers yellow. 

 (Name composed of xp^f^os, gold, and 6\l/is, aspect, from the golden blossoms.) 

 * Leaves narroicJij lanceolate or linear ; achenes linear. 



L C. graminifolia, Nutt. ^SV/rer^-siVAr^*/, with long close-pressed hairs; 

 stem slender, often with runners from the base, naked above, bearing few 

 heads ; leaves lanceolate or linear, elongated, grass-like, nerved, shining, entire. 

 — Dry sandy soil, Del. to Va., and southward. July - Oct. 



