COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITK FAMILY.) 245 



2. C. falc^ta, Kll. Stems (4-10' liigh) very woolly; leaves crowded, 



linear, rlijid, tihoat 3-rierved, entire, somewhat rernrvnd or sn/t/ie-sfiapedjiain/, or 

 smooth when old, sessile ; heads (small) coryml)ed. — Dry sandy soil ou tho 

 coast, pine barrens of N. J. to Nantucket and Cape C'od, Mass. Aug. 

 * * Leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire or sliijhtlij serrate, inostli/ scssde, veined, 

 not nerved; arhcnes ohovate, flattened. 



3. C. gOSSypina, Nutt. iJensebj woollij all over; leaves spatnlate or ob- 

 lonrj, obtuse (I -2' long); heads larger than in tlic next. — Pine harrens, Va., 

 and southward. Aug. -Oct. 



4. C. Mariana, Nutt. Silhi/ tvith lomj and weak hairs, or when old smooth- 

 isli; leaves ob/oinj ; heads corymbed, on glandular peduncles. — Dry liarrens, 

 from S. New York and Peun., southward, near the coast. Aug. -Oct. 



5. C. villbsa, Nutt. Hirsute and villous-pubcsrent ; stem corymlwscly 

 branched, the branches terminated by single short-peduncled heads ; leaves 

 narrowly oblong, hoari/ with rough pubescence (as also the involucre), bristli/<iliate 

 toward the base. — Dry plains and prairies, Wise, to Ky., and westward. July - 

 Sept. Very variable. — Var. iifspiDA, Gray. Low, hirsute and hispid, not 

 canescent ; heads small. Kan., west and southward. — Var. canescexs, Gray. 

 Wholly canescent with short appressed pubescence; leaves narrow, mostly 

 oblanceolate. — Kan. to Tex. 



6. C. pilosa, Nutt. Annual, soft-hirsute or villous; leaves oblong-lanco- 

 olate; involucre viscid; outer pappus chaffy and conspicuous. — Kan. and 

 southward 



15. APLOPAPPUS, Cass. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate; rays many, pistillate. Involucre hemi- 

 spherical, of many closely imbricated scales in several series. Receptacle flat. 

 Achenes short, turbinate to linear; pappus simple, of numerous unequal 

 bristles. — Mostly herbaceous perennials, with alternate rigid leaves. Hav- 

 and disk-flowers yellow. (From cnrKoos, simple, and irdinros, pappus) 



1. A. cili^tUS, DC. Annual or biennial, glabrous, 2-5^ 'I'ff''' leafy; 

 leaves oval (or lower obovate), olituse, dentate with bristle-i)ointed teeth ; 

 heads very large, few and clustered, the outer scales spreading; achenes gla- 

 brous, the central abortive. — Mo., K'ln-, 'ind southward. 



2. A. spinulosus, DC. Perennial, branching, jniberulent or glabrate, 

 low ; leaves narrow, pinnately or bipinnately parted, the lobes and teetii bristle- 

 tipped; heads small, the appressed scales bristle-ti|)pcd ; achenes pubescent. 

 — Minn, to Kan., and southward. 



3. A. divaricatus, Gray. Annual, 1-2° high, slender and diffu.soly 

 paniculate, rough-pubescent or glabrate; leaves rigid, narrow, entire or with 

 a few spinulose teeth, much reduced above; heads small and narrow, the ap- 

 pressed scales subulate, attenuate; achenes silky. — Southern Kan. 



16. BIGELOVIA, DC. Havlkss Goldkn- rod. 



Heads 3 - 4-tiowcrcd, the flowers all jjcrfect and tubular. Involucre clulv 

 shaped, yellowish ; the rigid somewhat glutinous scales linear, do.selv imbri- 

 cated aiul appressed. Receptacle narrow, with an awl-shaped i)roloiigation in 

 the centre. Achenes somewhat obconical, hairy ; pappus a single row of 



