COMPOSIT.E. (composite FAMILY.) 247 



rate and tapering to the base ; heads few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle, on 

 slender liracted pedicels; rays about 10, eh)ngated ; scales of the puhesrent in- 

 volucre lanceolate or linear-awl-shaped, the (»utcr loose and spreading, more or 

 less foliaceons. — S. W. 111. to Kan. and southward, — Tlie name is misleading, 

 as the leaves are hardly petioled. 



* * Involucnd scales irit/ioiit (/rrrn tips and ir/io//// apprcssfd. 

 ■^ Heads small (S" lo)i(j), clustered alomj the stem in the axils of tlie feather- 

 veined leaves, or the upper forming a thi/rse. 

 *+ Achenes pubescent. 



3. S. CSesia, L. Smooth; stein terete, mostly glaucous, at length much 

 branched and diffuse ; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, serrate, pointed, 

 sessile ; heads in very short clusters, or somewhat racemose-panicled on the 

 branches. — Rich woodlands, common ; west to S. E. Minn., 111., and Ky. 



4. S. latifblia, L. Smootli or nearly so ; stem angled, zigzag, simple or 

 paniculate-branched (1 -p° high); leaves lu'oadl// ovate or oval, very strongly 

 and sharply serrate, conspicuously pointed at both ends (thin, 3-6' long) ; heads 

 in very short axillary clusters, or the clusters somewhat prolonged at the end 

 of the branches; rays 3 -4. — Moist shaded banks; common northward, and 

 south al<ing tlie mountains. 



5. S. Curtisii, Torr. & Gray. Smooth or nearly so ; stem angled, usually 

 branched; leaves oblong to long-lanceolate witli narrowed entire base, serrate 

 above with subulate teeth; heads in small, loose clusters; rays 4-7. — Open 

 Avoods at low elevations in the mountains of Va. and southward. 



++ +-(. Achej^es glabrous ; inflorescence m.ore thyrsoid. 



6. S. bicolor, L. Hoary or grayish icith soft hairs ; stem mostly simple ; 

 leaves oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, acute at both ends, or the lower oval and 

 tapering into a petiole, slightly serrate ; clusters or short racemes from the axils 

 of the upper leaves, iorming an interrupted spike or crowded panicle; scales 

 very obtuse ; rays (5 - 14) small, cream-color or nearly white. — Var. coxcolor, 

 Torr. & Gray, has the rays yelloic. — Dry copses, west to Minn, and Mo. 



7. S. monticola, Torr. & Gray. Nearly glabrous ; stem slender, 1 - 2° 

 high ; leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acute or tapering at both ends, the 

 lower sparingly serrate ; heads small, the scales acutish ; rays 5-G. — Alle- 

 ghany Mts., from Md. southward. 



-t- -t- Heads mostly large {smaller in n. 12), many-flowered , forming an erect ter- 

 minal thyrse; leaves feather-veined . 

 ■M- Leaves numerous, short, sessile, entire, uniform in size and shape ; western. 



8. S. Bigelbvii, Gray. Cinereous-puberulent, 2° high ; leaves oval and 

 oblong, mostly obtuse at both ends; thyrse rather loose; involucre broad. — 

 S. Kan. and soutlnvard. ]'rol)al)ly running into the next. 



9. S. Lindheimeriana, Scheele. Less pubemlent; leaves lanceolate 

 or oblong, more acute; heads narrower and more densely clustered; achenes 

 glabrous. — »S. Kan. and southward. 



•4-4. ++ Xarthern or mountain species, bright green. 



10. S. macroph;^lla, Pursh. Stejn stout {\- 4° h\s;h), rvand -like, puhes- 

 cent near the summit, simple ; leaves thin, ovate, irregularly and coarsely serrate 



