COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITK FAMH.Y.) 263 



44. A. prenanthoides, Mnhl. Stem l-.^o hi^li, corymhose-paniiled, 

 liairv above in linos; leaves rfiugh above, smooth underneath, ovate-lanceolate, 

 sharply cut-toothed in the middle, couspicuously taper-pointed, and rather al>- 

 ruptly narrowed to a long contracted entire porticjii, which is abruptly dilated 

 into a conspicuously Jiuricle<l base; heads mostly 4" high, on sliort diver- 

 gent peduncles; scales narrowly linear, tips recurved-spreading; rays light 

 blue. — Borders of streams and rich woods, W. New Eug. to I'enu., Iowa, and 

 Wise. 



45. A. puniceus, L. Stem tall and stout 3-7° high, rough-hairy all 

 over or in lines, usually ])uri)le below, paniclcd above ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 not narrowed or but sligiitly so to the auricled base, coarsely serrate to spar- 

 ingly denticulate in the middle, rough above, nearly smooth beneath, ])oiuted ; 

 heads 4 - 6" high, subsessile ; scales narrowly linear, acute, loo.se, e(jual, in a))out 

 2 rows; rays long and showy (lilac-blue, paler in shade). — Low thickets and 

 swamps, very common. — Var. l.kvicaulis, Gray ; stem mostly green, smooth 

 and naked below, sparsely hirsute above, 1 -3° high; leaves serrate. — Var. 

 LUcfi>LLLS, Gray; the very leafy stems glabrous or sparingly hispidulous; 

 leaves lanceolate, entire or slightly denticulate, glabrous and somewhat sliin- 

 ing; heads usually numerous, the scales less loose and less attenuate. 



§ 4. IXELLINGERIA. Pappus manifestly double, the inner of long capillari/ 

 bristles {some tliickened at to])),the outer of very short and rigid bristles; 

 scales short, without herbaceous tips ; heads small, corymbose or solitary ; 

 rays rather feic, ichite ; leaves not rigid, veiny. 



46. A. umbellatUS, Mill. Smooth, leafy to the top (2 - 7° high) ; leaves 

 lanceolate, elongated, taper-pointed and tapering at the base (3 - 6' long) ; heads 

 very numerous in compound flat corymbs ; involucral scales rather close, ob- 

 tusish, scarcely longer than the achenes. {Dipl<)pa])pus umbellatus, Torr. ^' 

 Gray.) — Moist thickets; common, especially northward. Aug. — Var. rti- 

 BEXs, Gray ; the lower surface of the leaves and the branchlets tomentulose. 

 Upper Mich, to Minn. — Var. latif6lils, Gray; with sliorter leaves ovate- 

 lanceolate to ovate, less narrowed or even rounded at base. (D. amygdaliuus, 

 Torr. iS- Gray.) Pine barrens, etc., N. J., Penn., and southward. 



47. A. infirmus, ^Michx. Stem slender, often flexuous, 1 -3° high, less 

 leafy, bearing few or several heads on divergent peduncles; leaves obovate to 

 ovate or oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at base and ciliate, the midrib hairy be- 

 neath; scales more imbricated, thicker and more obtuse; pappus more rigid. 

 (1). cornifolius, Darl.) — Open woodlands, E. Mass. to Tenn., and southward. 



§ 5. IANTHE. Pappus less distinctly double, the inner of bristles not thickened 

 at top, the outer shorter ; scales ivell imbricated ,appressed , without herbaceous 

 tips; rays violet; achenes narrow, villous; leaves nutnerous, rigid, small, 

 linear, \-nerved and veinless. 



48. A. linariifblius, L. Stems 3-20' high, several from a woody root ; 

 heads solitary or terminating simple branches, rather large ; leaves about 1' 

 long, rough-margined, passing above into the rigid acutish .scales. (D. linarii- 

 folius, Ilook.) — Dry soil, common. Sept., Oct. Ray rarely white. 



§6. ORTIIOMERIS. Pappus sim})le , scales imbricated, oppressed, without 

 herbaceous tij)s, often scarious-edged or dry. Perennial, as all the preceding. 



