266 coMPOsiT.E. (composite family.) 



margins, entire, the upper oblong-lanceolate and pointed, closely sessile or 

 partly clasping, the lower spatulate and petioled ; rays (more than 100, purple) 

 more than twice the length of the hoary-hispid involucre; pappus double, tlie 

 outer of minute bristles. — Plains of N. Wise, and westward. June. 



7. E. hyssopifolius, Michx. Slightly pubescent, slender (6-12' high), 

 from filiform rootstocks; leaves short, very numerous, narrowly linear; 

 branches prolonged into slender naked peduncles, bearing solitary small 

 heads; rays 20 -'iO, rose-purple or Avhitish. (Aster gramiuifolius, Piirsh.) — 

 Northern borders of N. Eng., L. Superior, and northward. 



8. E. bellidifolius, Muhl. (Eobin's Plantain.) Hairy, producing 

 offsets from tli<- base: stem simple, rather naked above, bearing fcAV (1 -9) large 

 heads on slender ])eduucles; root-leaves obovate and spatulate, sparingly toothed, 

 the cauline distant, lanceolate-oblong, partly clasping, entire ; rai/s {about 50) 

 rather hnxtd, light bhds/i-pxrple. — Copses and moist banks; common. May. 



9. E. Philadelphicus, L. (Common Fleabane.) Hairy; ste7n leaf i/, 

 corymbed, bearing several small heads ; leaves thin, with a broad midrib, ob- 

 long ; the upper smoothish, clasping by a heart-shaped base, mostly entire, the 

 lowest spatulate, toothed ; raijs innumerable and very narrow, rose-purple or 

 flesh-color. — Moist ground ; common. June -Aug. 



* * * Perennial by rosulale offsets, with scape-like sterns : pappus simple. 



10. E. nudicaulis, Michx. Glabrous; leaves clustered at the root, 

 oval or spatulate; scape leafless, slender (1-2° high), bearing 5-12 small 

 corymbed heads ; rays white. (E. vernum, Torr. <^' Gray). — Low grounds, E. 

 Va. and southward. May. 



27. BACCHARIS, L. Groundsel-Tree. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular, dioecious, i. e., the pistillate 

 and staminate borne by different plants. Involucre imbricated. Corolla of 

 the pistillate flowers very slender and thread-like ; of the staminate, larger 

 and 5-lobed. Anthers tailless. Achenes ribbed ; pappus of capillary bristles, 

 in the sterile plant scanty and tortuous ; in the fertile very long and copious. 

 — Shrubs, commonly smooth and resinous or glutinous. Flowers whitish or 

 yellow, autumnal. (Name of some shrub anciently dedicated to Bacchis.) 



1 . B. halimif olia, L. Smooth and somewhat scurfy ; branches angled ; 

 leaves oboA ate and wedge-form, petiolate, coarsely toothed, or the upper entire ; 

 heads scattered or in leafy panicles; scales of the involucre acutish. — Sea 

 beaches, Mass to Va., and southward. — Shrub 6-12° high; the fertile plant 

 conspicuous in autumn by its very long and white pappus. 



2. B. glomeruliflora, Pers. Leaves spatulate-oblong, sessile or nearly 

 so ; heads larger, sessile in the axils or in clusters ; scales of the bell-shaped 

 involucre broader, very obtuse. — Pine barrens, E. Va. ( ? ), and southward. 



28. PL tie HE A, Cass. Marsh-Fleabane. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubular ; the central perfect, but sterile, 

 few, with a 5-cleft corolla; all the others with a thread-shaped truncate corolla, 

 pistillate and fertile. Involucre imbricated. Keceptacle flat, naked. Anthers 

 with tails. Achenes grooved; pappus capillary, in a single row. — Herbs, 



